Polycationic peptides from diatom biosilica that direct silica nanosphere formation

Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1129-32. doi: 10.1126/science.286.5442.1129.

Abstract

Diatom cell walls are regarded as a paradigm for controlled production of nanostructured silica, but the mechanisms allowing biosilicification to proceed at ambient temperature at high rates have remained enigmatic. A set of polycationic peptides (called silaffins) isolated from diatom cell walls were shown to generate networks of silica nanospheres within seconds when added to a solution of silicic acid. Silaffins contain covalently modified lysine-lysine elements. The first lysine bears a polyamine consisting of 6 to 11 repeats of the N-methyl-propylamine unit. The second lysine was identified as epsilon-N,N-dimethyl-lysine. These modifications drastically influence the silica-precipitating activity of silaffins.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Algal Proteins / chemistry*
  • Algal Proteins / genetics
  • Algal Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Algal Proteins / metabolism
  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry*
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Wall / chemistry
  • Cell Wall / metabolism
  • Chemical Precipitation
  • Diatoms / chemistry*
  • Diatoms / metabolism
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Lysine / analogs & derivatives
  • Lysine / chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Molecular Weight
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Peptides
  • Propylamines / chemistry
  • Protein Isoforms / chemistry
  • Proteins / chemistry*
  • Proteins / genetics
  • Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Proteins / metabolism
  • Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid
  • Silicic Acid / chemistry
  • Silicic Acid / metabolism*
  • Silicon Dioxide / chemistry
  • Silicon Dioxide / metabolism*

Substances

  • Algal Proteins
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Peptides
  • Propylamines
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Proteins
  • silaffin 1A
  • silaffin 1B
  • Silicic Acid
  • epsilon N-dimethyllysine
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • Lysine

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AF191634