Development of Ferromagnetic Fluctuations in Heavily Overdoped $(\mathrm{Bi},\mathrm{Pb}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{6+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ Copper Oxides

Development of Ferromagnetic Fluctuations in Heavily Overdoped $(Bi, Pb)_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CuO}_{6 + δ}$ Copper Oxides

Koshi Kurashima, Tadashi Adachi, Kensuke M. Suzuki, Yasushi Fukunaga, Takayuki Kawamata, Takashi Noji, Hitoshi Miyasaka, Isao Watanabe, Masanori Miyazaki, Akihiro Koda, Ryosuke Kadono, and Yoji Koike

Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 057002 – Published 1 August 2018

Abstract

We demonstrate the presence of ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations in the superconducting and nonsuperconducting heavily overdoped regimes of high-temperature superconducting copper oxides, using $(Bi, Pb)_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CuO}_{6 + δ}$ (Bi-2201) single crystals. Magnetization curves exhibit a tendency to be saturated in high magnetic fields at low temperatures in the heavily overdoped crystals, which is probably a precursor phenomenon of a FM transition at a lower temperature. Muon spin relaxation detects the enhancement of spin fluctuations at high temperatures below 200 K. Correspondingly, the $a b$ -plane resistivity follows a $4 / 3$ power law in a wide temperature range, which is characteristic of metals with two-dimensional FM fluctuations due to itinerant electrons. As the Wilson ratio evidences the enhancement of spin fluctuations with hole doping in the heavily overdoped regime, it is concluded that two-dimensional FM fluctuations reside in the heavily overdoped Bi-2201 cuprates, which is probably related to the decrease in the superconducting transition temperature in the heavily overdoped cuprates.

Received 7 August 2017

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.057002

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Impurities in superconductors Superconducting fluctuations

Cuprates High-temperature superconductors

Susceptibility measurements

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Koshi Kurashima¹, Tadashi Adachi^2,*, Kensuke M. Suzuki³, Yasushi Fukunaga¹, Takayuki Kawamata¹, Takashi Noji¹, Hitoshi Miyasaka^3,4, Isao Watanabe⁵, Masanori Miyazaki⁶, Akihiro Koda⁷, Ryosuke Kadono⁷, and Yoji Koike¹

¹Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
²Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
³Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
⁴Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
⁵Meson Science Laboratory, Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
⁶Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
⁷Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK-IMSS), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan

^*Corresponding author. t-adachi@sophia.ac.jp

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Vol. 121, Iss. 5 — 3 August 2018

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Figure 1
(a) Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility $χ$ in overdoped and heavily overdoped Bi-2201[A] in a magnetic field of 3 T along the $a b$ plane. Solid lines are fitting results using Eq. (2) in the text. The inset shows the $T_{c}$ vs $p$ plot. (b),(c) Temperature dependence of $χ$ of heavily overdoped Bi-2201[A] with $p = 0.282$ . The solid line in (b) indicates the fitting result using $χ = χ_{0} + C / (T - T_{0})^{5 / 4}$ and that in (c) indicates the fitting result using $χ = χ_{0} + C / (T \ln T - T_{0})$ . (d) Magnetization curves of heavily overdoped Bi-2201[A] in magnetic fields along the $a b$ plane. Solid lines are fitting results using the standard paramagnetic Brillouin function. (Inset) Magnetization curves of heavily overdoped Bi-2201[B] in magnetic fields along the $a b$ plane and $c$ axis at 2 K. (e) Hole-concentration dependence of the extrapolated value of $χ$ at 0 K $χ_{0 K}$ , the electronic specific heat coefficient $γ$ , the Wilson ratio $R_{W}$ , and $T_{c}$ in Bi-2201[A].
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Figure 2
Zero-field $μ SR$ time spectra of (a) overdoped Bi-2201[D], (b) heavily overdoped Bi-2201[B], (c) heavily overdoped Bi-2201[D]. Solid lines are best-fit results using Eq. (1) in the text. (d) Temperature dependence of the relaxation rate of muon spins $λ$ . Error bars represent fitting errors using Eq. (1). Solid lines are to guide the reader’s eye.
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Figure 3
(a) Temperature dependence of the $a b$ -plane electrical resistivity $ρ_{a b}$ normalized by $ρ_{a b}$ at 300 K plotted against $T^{4 / 3}$ in Bi-2201[C]. The data are shifted upward by the same offset. (b) Hole-concentration dependence of the temperature exponent $n$ of $ρ_{a b} = ρ_{0} + {A T}^{n}$ and $T_{c}$ in Bi-2201[A], [B], [C], [D]. The solid line in $n$ vs $p$ is to guide the reader’s eye. Solid lines in $T_{c}$ vs $p$ are the empirical parabolic function of $T_{c}$ $[K] = 20.0 - 74.02 (p [per Cu] - 0.16)$ , $T_{c}$ $[K] = 22.7 - 62.14 (p [per Cu] - 0.16)$ , $T_{c}$ $[K] = 22.7 - 62.83 (p [per Cu] - 0.16)$ , and $T_{c}$ $[K] = 20.0 - 60.05 (p [per Cu] - 0.16)$ for Bi-2201[A], [B], [C], and [D], respectively. (c) Temperature dependence of the magnetic specific heat $C_{m} = C - γ T - β T^{3}$ plotted as $C_{m} / T$ vs $T^{- 1 / 3}$ in Bi-2201[D]. Error bars represent measurement errors. (Inset) Total specific heat plotted as $C / T$ vs $T^{2}$ in Bi-2201[A].
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Figure 4
Schematic phase diagram of Bi-2201. Open circles represent $R_{W}$ of Bi-2201[A]. Closed circles, triangles, squares, and diamonds represent the exponent $n$ of $ρ_{a b} = ρ_{0} + A T^{n}$ of Bi-2201[A], [B], [C], [D], respectively. Dashed lines are to guide the reader’s eye.
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Physical Review Letters

Development of Ferromagnetic Fluctuations in Heavily Overdoped (Bi,Pb)2Sr2CuO6+δ Copper Oxides

Koshi Kurashima, Tadashi Adachi, Kensuke M. Suzuki, Yasushi Fukunaga, Takayuki Kawamata, Takashi Noji, Hitoshi Miyasaka, Isao Watanabe, Masanori Miyazaki, Akihiro Koda, Ryosuke Kadono, and Yoji Koike

Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 057002 – Published 1 August 2018

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Development of Ferromagnetic Fluctuations in Heavily Overdoped $(Bi, Pb)_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CuO}_{6 + δ}$ Copper Oxides