Abstract
Palladium normally does not easily substitute for Ti or Zr in perovskite oxides. Moreover, Pd is not normally magnetic (but becomes ferromagnetic under applied uniaxial stress or electric fields). Despite these two great obstacles, we have succeeded in fabricating lead zirconate titanate with 30% Pd substitution. For 20:80 Zr:Ti, the ceramics are generally single-phase perovskites (>99%) but sometimes exhibit 1% PdO, which is magnetic at room temperature. The resulting material is multiferroic (ferroelectric-ferromagnetic) at room temperature. The processing is slightly unusual (>8 h in high-energy ball-milling in Zr balls), and the density functional theory provided shows that it occurs because of in the oversized site; if all were to go into the perovskite B site, only a small moment of 0.1 Bohr magnetons would result.
1 More- Received 15 February 2017
- Revised 27 April 2017
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.214109
©2017 American Physical Society