Weigmann, Renate (1970): Relative abundance of euphausiids (Crustacea) in water samples of the Arabian Sea (Table 2) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.605330, Supplement to: Weigmann, R (1970): Zur Ökologie und Ernährungsbiologie der Euphausiaceen (Crustacea) im Arabischen Meer. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Reihe D Biologie, Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, Stuttgart, D5, 11-52
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Abstract:
In the present paper, the ecology and feeding habits of euphausiids are described. The samples were taken at the time of the NE-monsoon (1964/65) by R. V. "Meteor" in the Arabian Sea and adjacent waters. 24 species were determined. According to distribution of the species, the following marine areas can be distinguished:
Arabian Sea: 24 species, dominant are Euphausia diomedeae, E. tenera, E. distinguenda, Stylocheiron carinatum.
Gulf of Aden: 10 species, dominant are Euphausia diomedeae, E. distinguenda.
Red Sea: 6 species, dominant are Euphausia diomedeae, E. distinguenda.
Gulf of Oman : 5 Species, dominant are Euphausia distinguenda, Pseudeupbaufia latifrons.
Persian Gulf: 1 species - Pseudeuphausia latifrons.
The total number of euphausiids indicate the biomass of this group. High densities of euphausiids (200-299 and > 300 individuals/100 m**3) occur in the innermost part of the Gulf cf Aden, in the area south of the equator near the African east coast, near Karachi (Indian west coast) and in the Persian Gulf. Comparison with data relating to production biology confirms that these are eutrophic zones which coincide with areas in which upwelling occurs at the time of the NE-monsoon. The central part of the Arabian Sea differs from adjacent waters by virtue of less dense euphausiid populations (> 199 individuals/100 m**3). Measurements relating to production biology demonstrate a relatively low concentration of primary food sources.
Food material was ascertained by analysis of stomach content. The following omnivorous species were examined: Euphausia diomedeae, E. distinguenda, E. tenera, Pseudeuphausia latifrons and Thysanopoda tricuspidata. Apart from crustacean remains large numbers of Foraminifera, Radiolaria, tintinnids, dinoflagellates were found in the stomachs. Quantitatively crustaceans form the most important item in the diet. Food selection on the basis of size and form appears to be restricted to certain genera of tintinnids. The genera Stylocheiron and Nematoscelis are predators. Only crustacean remains were found in the stomachs of Stylocheiron abbreviatum, whereas Radiolaria, Foraminifera and tintinnids occurred to some extent in Nematasceli sp.
Different euphausiids in the food chain in the Arabian Sea. In omnivorous species the position is variable, since they not only feed by filtering autotrophic and heterotrophic Protista, but also by predation on zooplankton. Carnivorous species without filtering apparatus feed exclusively on zooplankton of the size of copepods. Only these species are well established as occupying a higher position in the food chain.
The parasitic protozoan Tbalassomyces fagei was found on Euphausia diomedeae, E. fenera, E. distinguenda and E. sanzoi.
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 12.748557 * Median Longitude: 56.542241 * South-bound Latitude: -5.013333 * West-bound Longitude: 41.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 27.216000 * East-bound Longitude: 75.033000
Date/Time Start: 1964-11-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1965-04-15T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, water: 0 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 0 m
Event(s):
M1_NET042 (M1_042) * Latitude: 12.550000 * Longitude: 43.766000 * Date/Time: 1964-11-29T00:00:00 * Elevation: -960.0 m * Location: Golf of Aden, Arabian Sea * Campaign: M1 (IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition) * Basis: Meteor (1964) * Method/Device: Indian Ocean Standard Net (IOSN)
M1_NET049 (M1_049) * Latitude: 12.166000 * Longitude: 43.683000 * Date/Time: 1964-11-30T00:00:00 * Elevation: -406.0 m * Location: Golf of Aden, Arabian Sea * Campaign: M1 (IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition) * Basis: Meteor (1964) * Method/Device: Indian Ocean Standard Net (IOSN)
M1_NET052 (M1_052) * Latitude: 12.366000 * Longitude: 43.966000 * Date/Time: 1964-12-01T00:00:00 * Elevation: -511.0 m * Location: Golf of Aden, Arabian Sea * Campaign: M1 (IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition) * Basis: Meteor (1964) * Method/Device: Indian Ocean Standard Net (IOSN)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Event label | Event | ||||
| 2 | Latitude of event | Latitude | ||||
| 3 | Longitude of event | Longitude | ||||
| 4 | DEPTH, water | Depth water | m | Geocode | ||
| 5 | Pseudeuphausia latifrons | P. latifrons | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 6 | Euphausia sanzoi | E. sanzoi | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 7 | Euphausia distinguenda | E. distinguenda | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 8 | Stylocheiron affine | S. affine | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 9 | Euphauaia diomedeae | E. diomedeae | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 10 | Stylocheiron carinatum | S. carinatum | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 11 | Euphausia tenera | E. tenera | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 12 | Thysanopoda tricuspidata | T. tricuspidata | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 13 | Stylocheiron abbreviatum | S. abbreviatum | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 14 | Stylocheiron microphthalma | S. microphthalma | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 15 | Euphausia paragibba | E. paragibba | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 16 | Thysanopoda monacantha | T. monacantha | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 17 | Euphausia mutica | E. mutica | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 18 | Euphausia brevis | E. brevis | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 19 | Thysanopoda aequalis | T. aequalis | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 20 | Nematoscelis tenella | N. tenella | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 21 | Nematobrachion flexipes | N. flexipes | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 22 | Stylocheiron longicorne | S. longicorne | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 23 | Euphausia similis | E. similis | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 24 | Thysanopoda obtusifrons | T. obtusifrons | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 25 | Euphausia pseudogibba | E. pseudogibba | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 26 | Stylocheiron suhmii | S. suhmii | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 27 | Nematoscelis sp. | Nematoscelis sp. | % | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 28 | Euphausiacea | Euphausiacea | # | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 29 | Number of species | Spec No | # | Weigmann, Renate | ||
| 30 | Euphausiacea | Euphaus | #/m3 | Weigmann, Renate |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
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