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Risk Analysis Associated with Loss of Toxic Gases During Orion Landing and Recovery OperationsMission, landing and recovery operations for the Orion crew module involve reentry into the Earth's atmosphere and the deployment of three Nomex parachutes to slow the descent before landing along the west coast of the United States. Orion may have residual fuel (hydrazine, N2H4) or coolant (ammonia, NH3) on board which are both highly toxic to crew in the event of exposure. These risks were evaluated using a first principles analysis approach through fluid dynamics modeling. Plume calculations were first performed with the ANSYS Fluent computational fluid dynamics code. Data were then extracted at locations relevant to crew safety such as the snorkel fan inlet and the egress hatch. Mixing calculations were performed to quantify exposure concentrations within the crew bay before and during egress and departure. Finally, results included herein were used to inform the Orion post-landing Concept of Operations (ConOps) so that strategies could be formulated to maintain crew safety in the event of the loss of fuel or coolant.
Document ID
20190027186
Acquisition Source
Johnson Space Center
Document Type
Abstract
Authors
Swickrath, Michael J. (HX5, LLC Houston, TX, United States)
Navarro, Moses (NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Stambaugh, Imelda C. (NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, United States)
Date Acquired
July 11, 2019
Publication Date
July 7, 2019
Subject Category
Fluid Mechanics And Thermodynamics
Report/Patent Number
JSC-E-DAA-TN62706
Meeting Information
Meeting: International Conference on Environmental Systems
Location: Boston, MA
Country: United States
Start Date: July 7, 2019
End Date: July 11, 2019
Sponsors: International Conference On Environmental Systems, Inc.
Funding Number(s)
CONTRACT_GRANT: NNJ13HA01C
PROJECT: ES0273251100031
Distribution Limits
Public
Copyright
Public Use Permitted.
Keywords
Orion

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