Skip to main content
Log in

The genusBuxus (Buxaceae): Aspects of its differentiation in space and time

  • Published:
Plant Systematics and Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Trends of pollen grain aperture evolution and exine characters as well as characters of leaf venation, petiole and axial vascularization are briefly described and related to geographical distribution and classification ofBuxus. A review of fossil records is given. Three major taxonomic groups can be delimitated within the genus, and aspects of their relationships and chorogenesis are presented. The level of differentiation, the pattern of distribution and the fossil record speak in favour of an ancient origin of the genus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Axelrod, D. I., 1975: Evolution and biogeography of Madrean-Tethyan sclerophyll vegetation. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.62: 280–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baillon, H., 1859: Monographie des Buxacées et des Stylocérées. — Paris.

  • Bessedik, M., 1981: Recherches palynologiques sur quelques sites du Burdigalien du Midi de la France. — Thèse de Spécialité. — Montpellier.

  • —, 1982: Analyse pollinique des dépôts lacustres miocènes de Fabrèques (Aubs, Var, France): intérêt paléoclimatique. — Géobios15: 589–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1983: Le genreBuxus L. (Nagyipollis Kedves 1962) au Tertiaire en Europe occidentale: èvolution et implications paléogéographiques. — Pollen & Spores25: 461–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borhidi, A., 1982: Die Entwicklung der Flora der Antillen im Lichte der Kontinental-verschiebungstheorie. — Stapfia10: 235–241.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1985: Phytogeographic survey of Cuba. 1. The phytogeographic characteristics and evolution of the flora of Cuba. — Acta Bot. Hungar.31: 3–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brückner, P., 1971: Beiträge zur Pollenmorphologie derBuxaceae. — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • - 1985: Blattnervatur und Pollenmorphologie eurasiatischer Arten der GattungBuxus L. (Buxaceae Dumort.) und ihre Bedeutung für die Systematik. — Ph.D., Berlin.

  • Burkhardt, D., 1986: Untersuchungen zur Morphologie des Gynoeceums der neotropischen Arten der GattungBuxus L. (Buxaceae) und ihre Bedeutung für die Systematik. — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • Chateauneuf, J. J., 1980: Palynostratigraphie et Paléoclimatologie de l'Eocène supérieur et de l'Oligocène du Bassin de Paris. — Mém. B.R.G.M. 116.

  • Ettingshausen, C. von, 1861: Die Blatt-Skelete der Dikotyledonen. — Wien.

  • Gentry, A. H., 1978: Flora of Panama: 6. Family 99Buxaceae. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.65: 5–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grajcarek, C., 1986: Blattanatomische Untersuchungen an afrikanischen Arten der GattungenBuxus L. undNotobuxus Oliv. (Buxaceae). — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • Hartung, M., 1984: Anatomische Untersuchungen von Blattstielen an neotropischen Arten der GattungBuxus L. (Buxaceae). — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • Hatusima, S., 1942: A revision of the AsiaticBuxus. — J. Dept. Agric. Kyushyu Imp. Univ.6: 261–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hickey, L. J., 1971: Evolutionary significance of leaf architectural features in the woody dicots. — Amer. J. Bot.58: 469.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1973: Classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. — Amer. J. Bot.60: 17–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1979: A revised classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. — InMetcalfe, C. R., Chalk, L., (Eds.): Anatomy of the dicotyledons. — Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, J., 1912: AfricanBuxeae. — Kew Bull. 1912: 52–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1967: The genera of flowering plants2, pp. 105–109. — London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kedves, M., 1962:Nagyipollis, a new pollen fgen. from the Hungarian Lower Eocene. — Acta Biol., Szeged8: 83–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler, E., 1979: Ergebnisse palynotaxonomischer Untersuchungen an cubanischenBuxus-Arten. — Wiss. Zeitschr. Friedr.-Schiller-Univ. Jena, math.-nat. R.28: 683–689.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1980: Zur Pollenmorphologie und systematischen Stellung derDidymelaceae Leandri. — Feddes Repert.91: 581–591.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1981: Pollenmorphology of the West Indian-Central American species of the genusBuxus L. (Buxaceae) with reference to taxonomy. — Pollen & Spores23: 38–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1982: Drei neueBuxus-Arten für die Flora von Cuba. — Wiss. Zeitschr. Friedr.-Schiller-Univ. Jena, math.-nat. R.31: 239–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1984: Zur Blattnervatur der neotropischenBuxus-Arten und ihre Bedeutung für die Systematik (Buxaceae). — Flora175: 345–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1985: Vorstellungen zur Evolution und Chorogenese der neotropischenBuxus-Arten. — Feddes Repert.96: 663–675.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1982: Die Pollenmorphologie der afrikanischenBuxus- undNotobuxus-Arten (Buxaceae) und ihre systematische Bedeutung. — Grana21: 71–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1983: Zur Pollenmorphologie und systematischen Stellung der GattungSimmondsia Nutt.. — Wiss. Zeitschr. Friedr.-Schiller-Univ. Jena, math.-nat. R.32: 945–955.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krutzsch, W., 1966: Zur Kenntnis der präquartären periporaten Pollenformen. — Geologie15: 16–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1967: Der Florenwechsel im Alttertiär Mitteleuropas aufgrund von sporenpaläontologischer Untersuchungen. — Abh. Zentr. geol. Inst.10: 17–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvaček, Z., Bůzek, C., Holy, F., 1982: Review ofBuxus fossils and a new large-leaved species from the Miocene of Central Europe. — Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol.37: 361–394.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathou, Th., 1940: Recherches sur la famille des Buxacées. — Toulouse.

  • Melville, R., 1976: The terminology of leaf architecture. — Taxon25: 549–561.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mouton, J. A., 1970: Architecture de la nervation foliaire. — Compt. Rend. 92e Congr. Nat. Soc. Savantes, sect. sc. 3, 165–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • —, 1972: Contribution de la morphologie foliaire a la phylogénie des Angiospermes. — 93e Congr. Nat. Soc. Savantes, sect. sc. 3, 199–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mueller Arg., J., 1869:Buxaceae. — InDe Candolle: ProdromusXVI. — Paris.

  • Muller, J., 1980: Palynological evidence for Paleogene climatic changes. — Mem. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Nouv. Sér., Sér. B, Botanique27: 211–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Munschke, M., 1974: Beiträge zur Pollenmorphologie der GattungenBuxus, Notobuxus, Styloceras, Sarcococca, Pachysandra undSimmondsia (Buxaceae). — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • Ollivier-Pierre, M. F., 1980: Etude palynologique (spores et pollens) de gisements paléogènes du Massif armoricain. Stratigraphie et paléogéographie. — Mém. Soc. geol. minéral. Bretagne25: 1–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pais, J., 1981: Contribuição para o conhecimento da vegetacão miocénica da parte ocidental dą Bacia to Tejo. — Thèse ès Sciences, Lisbonne.

  • Pax, F., 1896:Buxaceae. — InEngler, A., Prantl, K., (Eds.): Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien3, pp. 130–135. — Leipzig: W. Engelmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, E. P., 1943: Some changes in nomenclature IV.,Buxus L. andNotobuxus Oliv. — J. South Afric. Bot.9: 138–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raven, P. H., Axelrod, D. I., 1975: History of the flora and fauna of Latin America. — Amer. Sci.63: 420–429.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schirarend, C., 1981: Blattanatomische Untersuchungen an neotropischen Arten der GattungBuxus L. (Buxaceae). — Master of Science Thesis, Berlin (unpubl.).

  • Schreber, J. C. D., 1791:Tricera. — InLinnaeus, C. v., (Ed.): Genera plantarum, 8th ed. p. 630. — Francofurti a/M.: Varrentrapp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uemura, K., 1979: Leaf compressions ofBuxus from the Upper Miocene of Japan. — Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. C,5: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Campo, M., 1976: Patterns of pollen morphological variation within taxa. — InFerguson, J. K., Muller, J., (Eds.): The evolutionary significance of the exine. — Linn. Soc. Symp. Ser.1: 125–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Tieghem, P., 1897: Sur les Buxacées. — Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Ser. 8,5: 289–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vavilov, N. I., 1922: The law of homologous series in variation. — J. Gen.12: 47–89.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

köhler, E., Brückner, P. The genusBuxus (Buxaceae): Aspects of its differentiation in space and time. Pl Syst Evol 162, 267–283 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00936921

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00936921

Key words

Navigation