Abstract
Musculature innervated by the N. facialis inTheropithecus gelada (Rüppell) is patterned on broad lines in agreement with related genera of catarrhine monkeys, but presents some specializations and divergences in detail. Noteworthy is the extension to the labial margins superficially of the combined levator labii superioris and zygomaticus in the upper and the pars mandibularis of trachelo-platysma in the lower lip. A specialization of the medial fibres of levator labii superioris forms a sling-like structure within the upper lip and serves to implement the “lip-flip” gesture characteristic of the genus. Its antagonist is the orbicularis oris. Special features of all other facialis muscles are considered.
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Abbreviations
- ABD :
-
Anterior belly of digastricus
- AE :
-
Arteria facialis
- ALS :
-
Arteria labialis superior
- ANL :
-
Arteria lateralis nasi
- AP :
-
Auricularis posterior
- APA :
-
Arteria auricularis posterior
- AS :
-
Arteria auricularis superior
- A.Se. :
-
Arteria septi nasi
- A.Sy. :
-
Arteria symphysialis
- BP :
-
Buccal pouch
- LAO :
-
Depressor anguli oris
- FTA :
-
Fronto-temporo-auricularis
- GLI :
-
Glandulae labialis inferiores
- GLS :
-
Glandulae labialis superioris
- LAO :
-
Levator anguli oris
- LG :
-
Artery to labial glands
- LLAN :
-
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
- LLS :
-
Levator labii superioris
- M :
-
Masseter
- MM :
-
Musculus mentalis
- NP :
-
Notoplatysma
- O :
-
Occipitalis
- OO :
-
Orbicularis oris
- O.Oc :
-
Orbicularis oculi
- P :
-
Procerus
- SH :
-
Sterno-hyoideus
- TP :
-
Trachelo-platysma
- VL :
-
Vena labialis communis
- VP :
-
Venous plexus of dorsum nasi
- ZM :
-
Zygomaticus minor
- Zy :
-
Zygomaticus
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Osman Hill, W.C. On the muscles of expression in the geladaTheropithecus gelada (Rüppell) (primates, Cercopithecidae). Z. Morph. Tiere 65, 274–286 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00765289
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00765289