Abstract
The cyclic oxidation of Haynes 230 alloy (Ni-Cr-W-Mo alloy) was investigated in air at three different temperatures, 871, 982 and 1093 °C. Studies indicated that during cyclic oxidation, protective scales formed which were predominantly Cr2O3, with Kirkendall voids formed both at the scale/alloy interface and grain boundaries. Intergranular oxides were observed at temperatures above 982 °C while internal oxide particles were found above 1093 °C. Both intergranular and internal oxides were identified as aluminium oxide. A 50 μm chromium-depleted zone developed after 70 h exposure at 1093 °C and was accompanied by disastrous scale spalling. The lowest chromium concentration within the depleted zone was 14 wt% which still provided a sufficient supply of chromium for development of a continuous Cr2O3 rich scale. Decarburization was observed at the higher temperature of 1093 °C, and a carbide-free zone developed. Also, it was found that Haynes 230 is subject to a sensitization process. At the lower exposure temperature of 871 °C, large amounts of chromium carbide formed preferentially at the grain boundaries. While at the surface region chromium carbide precipitation occurred at the twin boundaries.
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Chien, F.R., Brown, R. Cyclic oxidation of Haynes 230 alloy. J Mater Sci 27, 1514–1520 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542912
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00542912