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Biological studies withChrysocharis parksi [Hym.: Eulophidae] a parasite ofLiriomyza spp. [Dipt.: Agromyzidae]

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Abstract

Biological studies withChrysocharis parksi Crawford, a parasite of agromyzid leafminers, were conducted.C. parksi successfully parasitized the following species in the genusLiriomyza Mik.,L. huidobrensis (Blanchard),L. sativae Blanchard,L. trifolii (Burgess), andL. trifoliearum Spencer. Successful parasite development was recorded from 8 plant families and 16 genera. Host plants which were suitable for leafminer development to the adult stage were also suitable for parasite development. Mean immature developmental period (egg to adult, usingL. trifolii as the host) at 21.1°, 26.7°, and 32.2° C was (for both sexes) 23, 14, and 14 days, respectively.

Longevity of females provided only water was inversely related to temperature; significantly longer survival occurred at 21.1° C (5.0 days) compared to 26.7° C and 32.2° C (3.2 and 2.1 days, respectively). The addition of honey to the diet significantly improved longevity of both sexes at all temperatures. Adult female parasites which were provided an average of 33.0L. trifolii larvae per day produced an average of 135 offspring at a constant 26.7° C.C. parksi host-fed on ca. 3.7 leafminer larvae per day over an 11-day adult lifespan.

Résumé

Des études biologiques ont été réalisées surChrysocharis parksi, parasite endophage des Mouches Agromyzides, mineuses des feuilles.C. parksi parasite avec succès les espèces suivantes du genreLiriomyza Mik.,L. huidobrensis (Blanchard),L. sativae Blanchard,L. trifolii (Burgess) etL. trifoliearum Spencer. Le parasite se développe avec succès sur 8 familles de plantes et 16 genres. Les plantes-hôtes qui sont favorables au développement jusqu'à l'adulte des mineuses le sont également pour le développement du parasite. La durée moyenne du développement (de l'œuf à l'adulte, avecL. trifolii comme hôte) à 21°1, 26°7 et 32°2 C était pour les deux sexes, de 23, 14 et 14 jours respectivement.

La longévité des fe melles nourries d'eau exclusivement était inversement proportionnelle à la température; la survie était significativement prolongée à 21°1 C (5,0 jours) comparativement à 26°7 C et 32°2 C (3,2 et 2,1 jours respectivement). L'adjonction de miel dans l'alimentation augmentait d'une manière significative la longévité des 2 sexes à toutes les températures. Les adultes femelles à qui l'on fournissait une moyenne journalière de 33 larves deL. trifolii avaient une descendance moyenne de 135 individus à la température constante de 26°7 C.C. parksi se nourrissait en moyenne de 3,7 larves de mineuse/jour durant les 11 jours de sa vie adulte.

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  1. Department of Entomology, University of California, 92521, Riverside, California, U.S.A.

    G. D. Christie & M. P. Parrella

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  1. G. D. Christie
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  2. M. P. Parrella
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Christie, G.D., Parrella, M.P. Biological studies withChrysocharis parksi [Hym.: Eulophidae] a parasite ofLiriomyza spp. [Dipt.: Agromyzidae]. Entomophaga 32, 115–126 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373122

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373122

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