Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evolving complexity

  • Invited Paper
  • Published:
Artificial Life and Robotics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A review of efforts to implement the process of evolution in a computational medium. The review will cover prominent examples, and discuss the major classes of implementations, their successes, and the obstacles they face.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Joyce GF (1992) Directed molecular evolution. Sci Am December: 90–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Beaudry AA, Gerald FJ (1992) Directed evolution of an RNA enzyme. Science 257:635–641

    Google Scholar 

  3. Feng Q, Park TK, Rebek J (1992) Crossover reactions between synthetic replicators yield active and inactive recombinants. Science 254:1179–1180

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hong JI, Feng Q, Rotello V, Rebek J (1992) Competition, cooperation, and mutation: improving a synthetic replicator by light irradiation. Science 255:848–850

    Google Scholar 

  5. de Garis H (1993) Evolvable hardware: genetic programming of a Darwin machine. In: Albrecht RF, Reeves CR, Steele NC (eds) Artificial neural nets and genetic algorithms. Springer, Vienna, New York, pp 441–449

    Google Scholar 

  6. Sanchez E, Tomassini M (eds) (1996) Towards evolvable hardware. Springer (Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1062), Berlin, Heidelberg, New York

  7. Darwin C (1859) On the origin of species by means of natural selection or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. Murray, London

    Google Scholar 

  8. Holland JH (1975) Adaptation in natural and artificial systems: an introductory analysis with applications to biology, control, and artificial intelligence. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI

    Google Scholar 

  9. Goldberg DE (1989) Genetic algorithms in search optimization and machine learning. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Belew RK, Booker LB (eds) (1991) Proceedings of the 1991 international conference on genetic algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 576 pp

    Google Scholar 

  11. Koza JR (1992) Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Koza JR (1994) Genetic programming II. Automatic discovery of reusable programs. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Sims K (1991) Artificial evolution for computer graphics. Comput Graphics (Siggraph '91 proceedings) 25:319–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sims K (1993) Interactive evolution of equations for procedural models. Visual Comput 9:466–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sims K (1994) Evolving virtual creatures. Comput Graphics (Siggraph '94). Annual conference proceedings, pp 15–22

  16. Sims K (1994) Evolving 3D morphology and behavior by competition. In: Brooks R, Maes P (eds) Artificial life IV. Proceedings. MIT Press, Combridge, MA, pp 28–39

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ray TS (1991) An approach to the synthesis of life. In: Langton C, Taylor C, Farmer JD, Rasmussen S (eds). Artificial Life II. Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA, pp 371–408 (Santa Fe Institute studies in the sciences of complexity, vol X)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ray TS (1991) Evolution and optimization of digital organisms. In: Billingsley KR, Derohanes E, Brown H III (eds) Scientific excellence in supercomputing: The IBM 1990 contest prize papers. Baldwin Press, University of Georgia, Athens, GA

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ray TS (1992) Evolution, ecology and optimization of digital organisms. Santa Fe Institute working paper 92-08-042

  20. Ray TS (1994) An evolutionary approach to synthetic biology: Zen and the art of creating life. Artificial Life 1(1/2): 195–226 (reprinted In: Langton CG (ed) Artificial life, an overview. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ray TS (1994) Evolution, complexity, entropy, and artificial reality. Physica D 75:239–263

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Ray TS (in press) A computational approach to evolutionary biology. In: Hida T (ed) Advanced mathematical approach to biology. World Scientific Publishing, Singapore. Also, ATR Technical Report TR-H-176

  23. Feferman L (1995) Tierra—evolution in another universe (video). Direct Cinema, Santa Fe, NM

    Google Scholar 

  24. Thearling K, Ray TS (1994) Evolving multi-cellular artificial life. In: Brooks RA, Maes P (eds) Artificial life IV. Conference proceedings. MIT Press, Cambridge MA, pp 283–288.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Koza JR (1992) Hierarchical automatic function definition in genetic programming. In: Whitley D (ed) Proceedings of workshop on the foundations of genetic algorithms and classifier systems, Vail, CO. Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, pp 297–318

    Google Scholar 

  26. Angeline PJ, Jordan BP (1994) Coevolving high-level representations. In: Christopher GL (ed) Artificial life III. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, pp 55–71 (Santa Fe Institute studies in the sciences of complexity, Proc vol XVII)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Maynard Smith J, Szathmáry E (1995) The major transitions in evolution. Freeman, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gould SJ (1989) Wonderful life. Norton, New York, pp 347

    Google Scholar 

  29. Morris SC (1989) Burgess shale faunas and the Cambrian explosion. Science 246:339–346

    Google Scholar 

  30. Ray TS (1995) A proposal to create a network-wide biodiversity reserve for digital organisms. ATR technical report TR-H-133. Available at: http://www.hip.atr.co.jp/~ray/pubs/reserves/reserves.html

  31. Ray TS (1996) Evolution of parallel processes in organic and digital media. In: Waltz D (ed) Natural and artificial parallel computation. SIAM Press, Philadelphia, PA, pp 69–91

    Google Scholar 

  32. Maynard Smith J (1992) Byte-sized evolution. Nature 355:772–773

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Ray TS (1991) Population dynamics of digital organisms. In: Langton CG (ed) Artificial life II. Video proceedings. Addison Wesley, Redwood City, CA

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories, 2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, 619-02, Kyoto, Japan

    Thomas S. Ray

Authors
  1. Thomas S. Ray
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas S. Ray.

About this article

Cite this article

Ray, T.S. Evolving complexity. Artificial Life and Robotics 1, 21–26 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02471107

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02471107

Key words

Search

Navigation