Summary
Two families each of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were studied for mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation. Inbred parents and their hybrids were compared for seedling heights and rate of oxygen uptake by the whole tissue to find out if the hybrids showed greater growth and respiratory activity at the seedling stage. Further comparisons were made by isolating mitochondria from the seedling tissues and measuring their ADP∶0 ratio, respiratory control ratio and cytochrome c oxidase activity for mitochondrial heterosis. Mixtures of parental mitochondria were similarly compared with parental and hybrid mitochondria for in vitro mitochondrial complementation. No evidence for mitochondrial heterosis or in vitro mitochondrial complementation was found, nor any correlation between the different mitochondrial parameters, seedling heights or rates of oxygen uptake by seedling tissue. The suggested use of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation for plant breeding is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Barratt, D.H.P.; Flavell, R.B. (1977): Mitochondrial complementation and grain yield in hybrid wheat. Ann. Bot. 41, 1333–1343
Bonner, W.D. (1967): A general method for the preparation of plant mitochondria. In: Methods in Enzymology, (eds. Colowick, S.P.; Kaplan, N.O.), Vol. 10, 126–135. New York: Acad. Press
Chance, B.; Williams, G.R. (1955): A simple and rapid assay of oxidative phosphorylation. Nature 175, 1120–1121
Chance, B.; Williams, G.R. (1956): The respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Adv. Enzymol. 17, 65–132
Cooperstein, S.J.; Lazarow, A. (1950): A microspectrophotomeric method for the determination of cytochrome oxidase. J. Biol. Chem. 189, 665–670
Doney, D.L.; Theurer, J.C.; Wyze, R.E. (1972): Mitochondrial complementation in sugar beet. Crop. Sci. 12, 493–494
Ellis, J.R.S.; Brunton, C.J.; Palmer, J.M. (1973): Can mitochondrial complementation be used as a tool for breeding hybrid cereals? Nature 241, 45–47
Flavell, R.B.; Barratt, D.H.P. (1977): Mitochondrial efficiency and grain yield in wheat. Ann. Bot. 41, 1323–1331
Hanson, J.B.; Hageman, R.H.; Fisher, M.E. (1960): The association of carbohydrase with the mitochondria of corn scutellum. Agron. J. 52, 49–52
Hobson, G.E. (1971): A study of mitochondrial complementation in wheat. Biochem. J. 124, 10 (Abstr.)
Levings, C.S.III; Pring, D.R. (1976): Restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial DNA from normal and Texas cytoplasmic male-sterile maize. Science 193, 158–160
Lowry, O.H.; Rosebrough, N.J.; Fan, A.L.; Randall, R.J. (1951): Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275
McDaniel, R.G. (1967): Biochemical studies of mitochondrial heterosis and complementation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University.
McDaniel, R.G. (1969): Mitochondrial heterosis in barley. In: Barley Genetics II, Proc. 2. Int. Barley Genetics Symp. (ed.: Nilan, R.A.), pp. 323–337. Pullman, Washington: Washington State Univ. Press
McDaniel, R.G. (1972): Mitochondrial heterosis and complementation as biochemical measure of yield. Nature, New Biology 236, 190–191
McDaniel, R.G.; Sarkissian, I.V. (1966): Heterosis: complementation by mitochondria. Science 152, 1640–1642
McDaniel, R.G.; Sarkissian, I.V. (1968): Mitochondrial heterosis in maize. Genetics 59, 465–475
McDaniel, R.G.; Sarkissian, I.V. (1970): Kinetics of mitochondrial complementation. Physiol. Plant. 23, 335–342
Sage, G.C.M.; Hobson, G.E. (1973): The possible use of mitocondrial complementation as an indicator of yield heterosis in breeding hybrid wheat. Euphytica 22, 61–69
Sarkissian, I.V. (1967): Some answers and questions on heterosis. Agr. Sci. Rev. 5, 21–25
Sarkissian, I.V. (1972): Mitochondrial polymorphism and heterosis. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 67, 53–64
Sarkissian, I.V.; McDaniel, R.G. (1967): Mitochondrial polymorphism in maize, putative evidence for de novo origin of hybridspecific mitochondria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 57, 1262–1266
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1967): Mitochondrial polymorphism in maize, II. Further evidence of correlation of mitochondrial complementation and heterosis. Genetics 57, 843–850
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1968): On methods of isolation of active, tightly coupled mitochondria of wheat seedling. Plant Physiol. 43, 1406–1410
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1969a): High efficiency, heterosis, and homeostasis in mitochondria of wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 63, 302–309
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1969b): A very simple trick separates plant mitochondria from starch. Life Sci. 8, 1201–1205
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1970): High efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of wheat. Can. J. Biochem. 48, 692–698
Sarkissian, I.V.; Srivastava, H.K. (1971): Mitochondrial polymorphism III. Heterosis, complementation, and spectral properties of purified cytochrome oxidase of wheat. Biochem. Genet. 5, 57–63
Sen, D. (1973): An evaluation of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation in plants, Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX.
Sen, D. (1975): Optimum concentration and pH of phosphate buffer for assay of cytochrome c oxidase in intact plant mitochondria. Phytochemistry 14, 1505–1506
Srivastava, H.K. (1970): Studies of biochemical bases of mitochrondrial heterosis in wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.). Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX.
Srivastava, H.K.; Sarkissian, I.V. (1972): Mitochondrial Polymorphism. IV. Phospholipid composition of mitochondria of a wheat hybrid and its parents. Biochem. Genet. 7, 347–354
Zobl, R.; Fischbeck, G.; Keydel, F.; Latzko, E.; Sperk, G. (1972): Complementation of isolated mitochondria from several wheat varieties. Plant Physiol. 50, 790–791
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by O.E. Nelson
Data for this paper is taken from the author's dissertation written as a part of Ph.D. degree requirements at the Biology Department, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sen, D. An evaluation of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation in wheat, barley and maize. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 59, 153–160 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00264969
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00264969