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Soil fumigation and zinc status of soils in relationship to potato speckle-bottom disease development and control

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Summary

Results from field experiments in Alabama concerning potato speckle-bottom (PSB) disease are reported. These revealed that soil fumigation with D-D ® and zinc deficiency were involved in the correction and induction of PSB symptoms, respectively. Yield and soil test data are presented, and cultural practices are discussed with respect to control or elimination of PSB disease.

Zusammenfassung

Die Blattkrankheit ‘Potato speckle-bottom’ (PSB) wird charakterisiert durch kleine bis grosse nekrotische Läsionen (Abb. 1), die sich zuerst an den untern Blättern entwickeln, gefolgt von Chlorose und eventuelle Blattfall. Es scheint, dass die Krankheit teilweise von einem Zinkmangel herrührt und durch Beifügung von Zinksulphat zu der Düngergabe gemindert werden könnte (Tabelle 2). Bodenbegasung mit einer nematiziden Dichloropropen-Dichloropropan-Mischung (D-D ®) verminderte ebenfalls die Symptome (Tabelle 2), und es gab einen Hinweis, dass diese Bodenbehandlung, zusätzlich zu ihren nematiziden Wirkungen, das verfügbare Zink im Boden vemehrte (Tabelle 4). Die Erträge wurden meistens durch Zinkgaben in den Boden und durch Bodenbegasung erhöht, dies entweder bei getrennter oder-optimal-bei gemeinsamer Anwendung (Abb. 2, Tabellen 1 und 3), obwohl die Sorte FL 483 eine geringe Verbesserung beim Fehlen der Nematizidbehandlung zeigte. Anbaumethoden wurden in Hinblick auf die Bekämpfung oder Eliminierung der PSB-Krankheit diskutiert.

Résumé

La maladie du feuillage ‘potato speckle-bottom’ (PSB) est caractérisée par des lésions nécrotiques petites à grandes (fig. 1) qui se développent d'abord à la base du feuillage, et qui sont suivies par un chlorose et une éventuelle abscission. La maladie semble résulter partiellement d'une déficience en zinc et peut être atténuée par l'incorporation de sulfate de zinc dans les engrais appliqués (tableau 2). La fumigation du sol avec le nématodicide ‘melange de dichloropropenedichloropropane’ (D-DR) atténue aussi les symptômes (tableau 2) et il y a quelque indication que ce traitement du sol, outre ses effets nématodicides, augmente le zinc disponible dans le sol (tableau 4). L'application au sol de zinc et la fumigation accroissent habituellement les rendements, soit séparément, ou mieux en conjonction (fig. 2, tableaux 1 et 3) toutefois il y aurait peu d'amélioration chez la variété FL 483 en l'absence de traitement nématodicide. Les auteurs discutent des pratiques culturales en fonction de la lutte ou de l'élimination de la maladie PSB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Frito-Lay, Inc., P.O. Box 3204, 53704, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    M. S. Cipar & D. E. Hunter

  2. Mobile, Alabama, USA

    W. W. Weber & R. Miller

  3. Irving, Texas, USA

    P. Porter

Authors
  1. M. S. Cipar
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  2. D. E. Hunter
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  3. W. W. Weber
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  4. R. Miller
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  5. P. Porter
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Cipar, M.S., Hunter, D.E., Weber, W.W. et al. Soil fumigation and zinc status of soils in relationship to potato speckle-bottom disease development and control. Potato Res 17, 307–319 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02360324

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