Abstract
Two methods (whole-plant growth analysis and gas exchange) were used to measure the response of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC cultivar ‘UPS 99’ to the environment. This plant had an optimal temperature for root growth of 25°C, its rate of acetylene reduction (when inoculated with Rhizobium, strain ‘RRIM 56’) was maximal at 30°C and it required an atmospheric temperature of about 35°C for optimal shoot growth. Maximum water-use efficiency was ca. 33 mg CO2·g H2O-1. The rate of photosynthesis reached a plateau at 900 vpm CO2-this condition also gave the lowest rate of transpiration. Under normal conditions, the light compensation point was at 1.7 klx, while that for CO2 was 60 vpm. Photorespiration diminished gross photosynthesis of P. tetragonolobus by forty percent. Water stress (as measured by sensitivity to slightly increased CO2 levels) caused rapid closure of stomata, and the response was ‘remembered’ for up to five days.
Zusammenfassung
Mit Hilfe von zwei Methoden (Wachstumsanalysen ganzer Pflanzen und Gaswechselmessungen) wurde die Reaktion von Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC der Sorte ‘UPS 99’ auf Umwelteinflüsse ermittelt. 25°C war die optimale Temperatur für das Wurzelwachstum. Die Acetylenreduktionsrate (die Pflanzen waren geimpft worden mit Rhizobium ‘RRIM 56’) war am höchsten bei 30°C. 35°C waren notwendig für maximales Sproßwachstum. Der günstigste Wasserausnutzungskoeffizient lag bei ungefähr 33 (mg CO2·g H2O-1). Die Photosyntheseraten wurden durch Erhöhung der CO2-Konzentration gesteigert. Bei Konzentrationen über 900 vpm CO2 konnte allerdings keine weitere Steigerung mehr festgestellt werden. Bei 900 vpm CO2 waren die Transpirationsraten am niedrigsten. Unter normalen Bedingungen stellte sich der Lichtkompensationspunkt bei 1,7 klx ein. Der CO2-Kompensationspunkt lag bei 60 vpm CO2. Die Photorespiration verminderte die Photosynthese von P. tetragonolobus um 40%. Wasserstreß vergrößerte die Empfindlichkeit der Stomata gegenüber etwas erhöhten CO2-Konzentrationen (die Stomata schließen). Diese Empfindlichkeit war bis zu 5 Tagen nach der Streßbehandlung noch meßbar.
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Lenz, F., Broughton, W.J. Growth, photosynthesis and transpiration in Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC cultivar ‘UPS 99’. Photosynth Res 2, 259–268 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00056263
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00056263