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  • Moskva : Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta  (1)
  • Potsdam : Universität Potsdam  (1)
  • Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell
  • Edinburgh : Dunedin Academic Press Ltd
  • Singapore : Springer Singapore
  • Singapore : Imprint: Springer
  • Braunschweig : Westermann
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  • 1
    Call number: AWI Bio-24-95736
    Description / Table of Contents: Moss-microbe associations are often characterised by syntrophic interactions between the microorganisms and their hosts, but the structure of the microbial consortia and their role in peatland development remain unknown. In order to study microbial communities of dominant peatland mosses, Sphagnum and brown mosses, and the respective environmental drivers, four study sites representing different successional stages of natural northern peatlands were chosen on a large geographical scale: two brown moss-dominated, circumneutral peatlands from the Arctic and two Sphagnum-dominated, acidic peat bogs from subarctic and temperate zones. The family Acetobacteraceae represented the dominant bacterial taxon of Sphagnum mosses from various geographical origins and displayed an integral part of the moss core community. This core community was shared among all investigated bryophytes and consisted of few but highly abundant prokaryotes, of which many appear as endophytes of Sphagnum mosses. Moreover, brown mosses and Sphagnum mosses represent habitats for archaea which were not studied in association with peatland mosses so far. Euryarchaeota that are capable of methane production (methanogens) displayed the majority of the moss-associated archaeal communities. Moss-associated methanogenesis was detected for the first time, but it was mostly negligible under laboratory conditions. Contrarily, substantial moss-associated methane oxidation was measured on both, brown mosses and Sphagnum mosses, supporting that methanotrophic bacteria as part of the moss microbiome may contribute to the reduction of methane emissions from pristine and rewetted peatlands of the northern hemisphere. Among the investigated abiotic and biotic environmental parameters, the peatland type and the host moss taxon were identified to have a major impact on the structure of moss-associated bacterial communities, contrarily to archaeal communities whose structures were similar among the investigated bryophytes. For the first time it was shown that different bog development stages harbour distinct bacterial communities, while at the same time a small core community is shared among all investigated bryophytes independent of geography and peatland type. The present thesis displays the first large-scale, systematic assessment of bacterial and archaeal communities associated both with brown mosses and Sphagnum mosses. It suggests that some host-specific moss taxa have the potential to play a key role in host moss establishment and peatland development.
    Description / Table of Contents: Während die Beziehungen zwischen Moosen und den mit ihnen assoziierten Mikroorganismen oft durch syntrophische Wechselwirkungen charakterisiert sind, ist die Struktur der Moos-assoziierten mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften sowie deren Rolle bei der Entstehung von Mooren weitgehend unbekannt. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften, die mit Moosen nördlicher, naturnaher Moore assoziiert sind, sowie mit den Umweltfaktoren, die sie beeinflussen. Entlang eines groß angelegten geographischen Gradienten, der von der Hocharktis bis zur gemäßigten Klimazone reicht, wurden vier naturbelassene Moore als Probenstandorte ausgesucht, die stellvertretend für verschiedene Stadien der Moorentwicklung stehen: zwei Braunmoos-dominierte Niedermoore mit nahezu neutralem pH-Wert sowie zwei Sphagnum-dominierte Torfmoore mit saurem pH-Wert. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit machen deutlich, dass die zu den Bakterien zählenden Acetobacteraceae das vorherrschende mikrobielle Taxon der Sphagnum-Moose gleich welchen geographischen Ursprungs darstellen und insbesondere innerhalb des Wirtsmoosgewebes dominieren. Gleichzeitig gehörten die Acetobacteraceae zum wesentlichen Bestandteil der mikrobiellen Kerngemeinschaft aller untersuchten Moose, die sich aus einigen wenigen Arten, dafür zahlreich vorkommenden Prokaryoten zusammensetzt. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt zudem erstmals, dass sowohl Braunmoose als auch Torfmoose ein Habitat für Archaeen darstellen. Die Mehrheit der Moos-assoziierten Archaeen gehörte dabei zu den methanbildenden Gruppen, wenngleich die metabolischen Aktivitätsraten unter Laborbedingungen meistens kaum messbar waren. Im Gegensatz hierzu konnte die Bakterien-vermittelte Methanoxidation sowohl an Braunmoosen als auch an Sphagnum-Moosen gemessen werden. Dies zeigt eindrucksvoll, dass Moos-assoziierte Bakterien potenziell zur Minderung von Methanemissionen aus nördlichen, aber auch wiedervernässten Mooren beitragen können. Ein weiteres wichtiges Resultat der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Bedeutung des Moortyps (Niedermoor oder Torfmoor), aber auch der Wirtsmoosart selbst für die Struktur der Moos-assoziierten Bakteriengemeinschaften, während die archaeellen Gemeinschaftsstrukturen weder vom Moortyp noch von der Wirtsmoosart beeinflusst wurden und sich insgesamt deutlich ähnlicher waren als die der Bakterien. Darüber hinaus konnte erstmalig gezeigt werden, dass sich die bakteriellen Gemeinschaften innerhalb der unterschiedlichen Moorsukzessionsstadien zwar ganz erheblich voneinander unterscheiden, ein kleiner Teil der Bakterien dennoch Kerngemeinschaften bilden, die mit allen untersuchten Moosarten assoziiert waren. Bei der hier präsentierten Arbeit handelt es sich um die erste systematische Studie, die sich auf einer großen geographischen Skala mit den bakteriellen und archaeellen Gemeinschaften von Braunmoosen und Torfmoosen aus naturbelassenen nördlichen Mooren befasst. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die untersuchten Moose ein ganz spezifisches mikrobielles Konsortium beherbergen, welches mutmaßlich eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Etablierung der Wirtspflanzen am Anfang der Moorentwicklung spielt und darüber hinaus das Potential hat, die charakteristischen Eigenschaften von Mooren sowie deren weitere Entwicklung zu prägen.
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: XX, 139, liv Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: English
    Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2024 , Content Preface Acknowledgements Summary Zusammenfassung Abbreviations 1. Introduction 1.1. Peatlands 1.1.1. Peatland development and peat bog succession 1.1.2. Characteristic peatlands of the northern hemisphere 1.1.3. Anthropogenic threats of northern peatlands 1.1.4. Peat bog restoration 1.2. Peatland bryophytes 1.2.1. Brown mosses 1.2.2. Sphagnum mosses 1.3. Moss microbiota 1.3.1. Moss-associated bacteria 1.3.2. Moss-associated archaea 1.3.3. Endophytic prokaryotic communities 1.4. Biotic and abiotic influences on moss-associated microorganisms 1.5. Objectives 1.6. Study sites 1.6.1. High Arctic peatlands of Svalbard (SV) 1.6.2. Polygonal Tundra of Samoylov (SA) 1.6.3. Palsa Bogs of Neiden (NEI) 1.6.4. Kettle Bog Peatlands of Mueritz National Park (MUE) 2. Material and Methods 2.1. Sampling scheme overview 2.2. Sampling of pore water 2.3. Sampling of moss plantlets 2.4. Analysis of pore water chemistry 2.5. Cell wall analysis 2.5.1. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) 2.5.2. Holocellulose (HC) 2.5.3. Lignin and Lignin-like polymers (LLP) 2.5.4. Bulk moss litter analysis 2.6. Moss surface sterilisation and separation of putative epiphytic and endophytic microbial communities 2.7. DNA extraction and sequencing 2.8. Sequence analyses and bioinformatics 2.9. Statistical analyses 2.10. Potential methane production and oxidation assays 2.10.1. Surface sterilisation prior to activity tests 2.10.2. Methane production 2.10.3. Methane oxidation 3. Results 3.1. Peatland bulk and pore water characteristics 3.2. Diversity and structure of natural peatland microbial communities 3.3. Environmental drivers of moss-associated microbial communities 3.4. Microbial taxa associated with brown mosses and Sphagnum mosses 3.4.1. Moss-associated bacteria 3.4.2. Moss-associated archaea 3.4.3. Bacterial and archaeal core communities 3.4.4. Acetobacteraceae as dominant taxon of the bacterial core community 3.5. Sphagnum bacteriomes of disturbed, rewetted and pristine temperate kettle bog 3.6. Potential moss-associated methane production and methane oxidation rates 3.6.1. Moss-associated methane production 3.6.2. Moss-associated methane oxidation 4. Discussion 4.1. Environmental influences on moss-associated bacterial communities 4.2. Moss-associated archaeal communities and their environmental drivers 4.3. Distinct patterns of endophytic bacteria 4.4. The core microbiota and their possible role for peatland succession 4.5. The potential role of Acetobacteraceae for Sphagnum host mosses and bog ecosystems 4.6. Moss-associated microbial communities of the methane cycle and their potential metabolic activity 4.7. Diversity and structure of Sphagnum bacteriomes from pristine, disturbed and rewetted kettle bogs 5. Conclusion 6. Critical remarks and outlook 6.1. Critical remarks 6.2. Outlook Bibliography Supplementary
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Moskva : Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta
    Call number: AWI G3-96-0439 ; AWI G3-96-0439 (2. Ex.)
    Description / Table of Contents: The book deals with the influence of cryogenesis (a complex process of heating - cooling, freezing - thawing and accompanying phenomena) on earth surface and upper horizons transformation for the late Cenozoic period, and for the present time. The book summarizes the notions of geocryological zonality, altitudinal zonality and "sectorality" in formation of soil thermal regime, frozen strata and taliks distribution, season freezing and thawing, depending on geographical location of the territory and recent natural conditions. The book also gives an analyses of zonal and regional regularities in periglacial processes and phenomena distribution as well as formation of cryogenic composition for different syngenetic, epigenetic and taber soils and epigenetic frozen rocks. The influence of geothermal, geostructural, geomorphological and hydrogeological conditions, glaciation and deglaciation, Arctic seas transgressions and regressions on thickness, and composition of permafrost zone and its interaction with natural gas hydrates is analysed. The book describes major peculiarities of cryolitozone of platforms, mountain areas and Arctic submarine cryolithozone in connection with Pleistocene and Holocene paleogeography. The peculiarities of lithosphere cryogenesis are analysed mainly for northern Eurasia and partly for North America. The book is intended for students and professional geocryologists, engineering geologists, hydrogeologists, geographers and geoecologists as well as geologists dealing with oil and gas, miners, construction workers and those dealing with Northern and Eastern parts of Russia and Northern part of North America.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 334 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 521102379X , 5-211-02379-X
    Language: Russian
    Note: CONTENTS: Introduction. - I. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT CRYOGENESIS OF LITHOSPHERE. - I.1. Concept of Lithosphere Cryogenesis and how the book is Structured. - I.2. Development of the Earth Lithosphere Cryogenesis. - I.3. Principle Stages of Development for Recent Permafrost. - II. ZONAL AND REGIONAL REGULARITIES OF SPREADING AND THERMAL REGIME FOR PERMAFROST, TALIKS, SEASONAL FREEZING AND THAWING OF SOILS. - II.l. The Role of Radiation, Climatic and Landscape Factors in the Formation of Thermal Regime for Earth Surface and Soils. - II.2. Causes and Features of Geocryological Latitudinal Zonality and "Sectorality". - II.3. Geocryological Altitudinal Zonality, Its Types and Peculiarities of Manifestation in Connection with Altitude and Geographical Location of Mountain Areas. - II.4. The Influence of Regional Factors on Distibution and Thermal Regime of Permafrost. - II.5. Regularities of Talik Distribution and Existence. - II.6. Principal Regularities of Seasonal Soil Freezing and Thawing. - Ill. ZONAL AND REGIONAL REGULARITIES OF PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES DEVELOPMENT AND SPREADING OF PERIGLACIAL PHENOMENA. - III.l. The Relations Between Periglacial Processes and Phenomena in the System of Cryogenesis. - III.2. Frost Weathering (Zonal and Regional Regularities) Phenomena of Frost Heaving and Its Regional and Zonal Location. - III.3 Regularities of recent spreading of frost heaving. Phenomena of frost heaving and its regional and zonal location. - III.4. Regularities of Frost Cracking and Polygonal-Wedge Structures Formation. - III.5. Spot Medallions and Cryoturbation. - III.6. Solifluction and Solifluction Phenomena. - III.7. Regularities of Kurum Spreading, Composition and Mobility. - III.8. Rock- Glaciers. Regularities of Formation and Distribution. - III.9. Thermocarst Phenomena. Regularities of Formation, Spreading and Mobility. - III.10. Thermoabrasion. Regularities of Spreading and Development. - III.11. Regularities of Icing and Icing Features Formation. - IV. ZONAL AND REGIONAL REGULARITIES OF SYNGENETIC AND EPIGENETIC PERMAFROST STRATA FORMATION. - IV.l. Syngenetic and Epigenetic Permafrost Strata. Their Role in Permafrost Zone Formation. - IV.2. Regional and Zonal Regularities of Syngenetic Perennially Frozen Deposits Formation. - IV.3. Regional and Zonal Regularities of Spreading and Cryogenetic Building of Epigenetic Perennially Frozen Soils. - IV.4. Epigenetic Frozen Rocks and Their Cryogenic Building in Massifs. - IV.5. Taber and Taberlike Deposits. - V. REGIONAL AND ZONAL REGULARITIES OF PERMAFROST BUILDING AND PERMAFROST THICKNESS FORMATION. - V.l. Method of Analysis for Regional and Zonal Features of Permafrost Building and Permafrost Thickness. - V.2. To the Question of Thermal Properties of Soils and Rocks in Massifs. - V.3. Regularities of Influence of Geostructural and Geothermal Conditions on Permafrost Thickness and Permafrost Building. - V.4. Influence of Geomorphology and Topography on Permafrost Thickness and Permafrost Building. - V.5. Influence of Ground Water on Permafrost Distribution, Building and Thickness. - V.6. Gases and Gas Hydrates in Aquasphere and Their Interaction with Permafrost. - V.7. Influence of Arctic Seas Transgression and Regression on Permafrost Building and Thickness. - V.8. Glaciation and Deglaciation. Their Relations and Interaction with Permafrost. - VI. BASIC FEATURES OF CRYGENESIS AND PECULIARITIES OF PLATFORM PERMAFROST. - VI.1. Main Geostructural Features of Platforms. Their influence on Permafrost Conditions. - VI.2. Relief and Late Cepozoic Deposits. Their Influence on Permafrost Conditions. - VI.3. Cryohydrogeological Features of Platforms. - VI.4. Zone of Gas Hydrate Formation of Oil and Gas regions in Permafrost Area. - VI.5. Natural History and Building of Platforms Permafrost. - VII. BASIC FEATURES OF CRYOGENESIS AND PECULIARITIES OF MOUNTAIN AREAS PERMAFROST. - VII.1. Main Geostructural Features of Mountain Areas. Their Influence on Permafrost Conditions. - VII.2. Reliefs and Late Cepozoic Deposits. Their Influence on Permafrost Conditions. - VII.3. Cryohydrogeological Features of Orogenic Areas. - VII.4. Natural History and Features of Mountain Areas Permafrost. - VIII. SUBSEA PERMAFROST OF ARCTIC BASIN. - VIII.1. Types of Offshore Permafrost in Arctic Basin. Hypothesis of Its Formation. - VIII.2. Regularities of Temperature Formation for Near Bottom Water and Deposits in Arctic Basin. - VIII.3. Thickness and Building of Subsea Permafrost. - Conclusion. - References. - Contents. , In kyrillischer Schrift , Inhaltsverzeichnis auch in englischer Sprache
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Location: AWI Reading room
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    Branch Library: AWI Library
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