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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Langfristige parenterale Applikation von Fettemulsionen beim Zwergschwein (1970)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 10 (1970), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 10 Zwergschweine wurden langfristig mit Lipofundin S parenteral ernährt. Dabei war es möglich, Überlebenszeiten bis zu 62 Tagen zu erreichen. Für die gute Verträglichkeit dieser Emulsion sprechen im wesentlichen folgende Punkte: 1. Venenschonende Eigenschaften der Emulsion 2. Relativ geringe klinische Nebenwirkungen 3. Lange Überlebenszeit (selbst unter extrem einseitiger Fetternährung betrug sie 3 Wochen) 4. Geringgradige Änderung des Serumeiweißmusters im Sinne einer Anpassung an den erhöhten Fetttransport und Abbau 5. Gute Fettklärung im Blut (Verhalten der Gesamtlipide, Neutralfette und Esterfettsäuren) 6. Gleichbleibende Fermentaktivitäten Die gute Verwertung bestätigen folgende Ergebnisse: 1. Abnehmende Stickstoffverluste 2. Abhängigkeit des Stickstoffverlustes von der applizierten Fettmenge (Erreichen des endogenen Eiweißminimums bei 7 g Fett pro kg)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02027968
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of by-product formation in alkali chloride membrane electrolysis (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 20 (1990), S. 716-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract To obtain higher chlorine purity hydrochloric acid can be added to the feed brine of membrane cells in alkali chloride electrolysis. During the electrolytic process hydroxide ions migrate from the cathode compartment into the anode compartment. Hydrochloric acid neutralizes these hydroxide ions and, hence, formation of the by-products (oxygen in the anode gas and sodium chlorate in the anolyte) is reduced. With laboratory membrane cells the effects of varied amounts of hydrochloric acid on concentrations and current efficiencies of these by-products have been studied. Under normal operating conditions (with pH of feed brine between 2 and 11) the formation of by-products is not influenced by the addition of acid. Effects can only be observed at brine pH values〈1. Maximum effects occur if the brine pH is 0.1 and the anolyte pH is 2. The latter value is the limiting pH given by the membrane suppliers. At this point 6.3 dm3 hydrochloric acid (37% HCl) per 1 m3 of the feed brine have to be added in order to obtain an anode gas with 0.4% oxygen by volume. The formation of sodium chlorate is completely suppressed. Problems connected with this process and its application to industrial electrolysis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01094296
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane cells for chlor-alkali electrolysis (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 12 (1982), S. 631-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A description of the membrane process for the electrolytic production of chlorine, caustic soda and hydrogen from sodium chloride solutions is followed by a discussion of the present state of the art. This includes the development of cation exchange membranes and electrolysis cells. Finally, economic questions and trends for the future are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617483
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of damaged membranes in alkali chloride electrolysers (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 24 (1994), S. 1201-1205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Holes in cation exchange membranes of alkali chloride cells can have a number of different causes. They do not represent a source of great danger during operation of a membrane electrolyser as long as their number is limited or their combined diameter does not exceed a certain size. Of the different methods for detection of holes in membranes, two procedures are described in detail: the cell voltage test and the leak test with measurement of the gas flow through the holes. The cell voltage test is performed with low time consumption during start-up of an electrolyser. It mainly shows the large membrane holes in a cell. In contrast to this, with the leak test all holes in a membrane are detected. However, the procedure is time consuming and is possible only with a totally drained electrolyser. It is recommended to perform these tests immediately after installing new membranes and then from time to time in order to avoid damage to the cells or to the plant chlorine system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00249882
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The operation of long-life anodes in amalgam cells (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 13 (1983), S. 341-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In recent years, long-life anodes have become a well established type of DSA(R) anodes for the production of chlorine in mercury cells. They offer considerable benefits compared to ‘normal’ or conventional metal anodes, i.e. reduced costs for repair, transportation and installation as well as a lower consumption of energy. The reason for the decline in damage incidents is probably the slightly increased electrical resistance of the coating. The reasons for the extended service life of the anodes are the decrease in the generation of oxygen and the improved protection of the titanium substrate against penetrating brine and oxygen diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941606
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorate and oxygen formation in alkali chloride membrane electrolysis (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract During the operation of an industrial-scale membrane electrolysis plant over a number of years, a record was kept of the formation of the byproduct oxygen in the anode gas and chlorate in the anolyte parallel to the decline of the current efficiencies of the main products. It was found that the current efficiencies of the byproducts increase linearly with the declining current efficiencies of the main products, chlorine and caustic soda. Of the two types of anode used, one exhibited considerably more oxygen formation than the other. The high-oxygen anode was associated with distinctly lower chlorate formation than the low-oxygen anode. The increasing oxygen contents and chlorate formation rates associated with falling caustic current efficiency are reported for both types of anode. If hydrochloric acid is used to destroy the chlorate, the amount of acid must be increased as the caustic current efficiency falls. The amounts of hydrochloric acid required for the two types of anode are calculated as examples for 96% and 93% caustic current efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00246945
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methodische und technische Probleme der langfristigen Infusionstherapie mit dem Cava-Katheter (1972)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 11 (1972), S. 254-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02019695
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur bilanzierten parenteralen Ernährung am jungen Zwergschwein (1972)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 11 (1972), S. 272-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02019696
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reliability of impurity diffusion measurements using the sandwich technique and electron-probe-microanalysis (1994)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 349 (1994), S. 173-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The problem of the reliability of measurements of impurity diffusion coefficients has been investigated using the sandwich technique in combination with EPMA. To get reliable results it is necessary to measure at least 4 profiles paying attention to irregularities at the welding plane as well as to a careful determination of the end of the profiles and the boundary conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323258
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Problematik der Meßwertkontrolle und Ergebnisdarstellung bei Systemen der automatischen Erfassung und Auswertung von Labordaten (1970)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 252 (1970), S. 343-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571366
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