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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: High-resolution magnetic field and charged-particle data acquired on March 25, 1986 by the Viking and DMSP-F7 satellites, as they traversed the dawn sector auroral zone on nearly antiparallel trajectories within 40 min of each oher, are analyzed. Magnetic field measurements by Viking at 0850 MLT and by DMSP at 0630 MLT indicate the presence of a large-scale earthward-directed region 1 Birkeland current and an upward-flowing region 2 current. Both satellites also observed a third Birkeland current adjacent to and poleward of the region 1 system with opposite flow. This poleward system is about 0.5 deg invariant latitude wide and has a current density comparable to the region 1 and 2 systems. The highest-latitude current is identified as region 0. Its charged-particle signatures were used to infer field line mapping to the equatorial plane.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 14; 423-426
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The results of the Trapped Radiation Effects Panel for the Space Environmental Effects on Materials Workshop are presented. The needs of the space community for new data regarding effects of the space environment on materials, including electronics are listed. A series of questions asked of each of the panels at the workshop are addressed. Areas of research which should be pursued to satisfy the requirements for better knowledge of the environment and better understanding of the effects of the energetic charged particle environment on new materials and advanced electronics technology are suggested.
    Keywords: CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA(SDIO Space Environmental Effects on Materials Workshop, Part 2; p 597-605
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is argued that a series of two-satellite observations leads to a clarification of substorm plasma injection, in which boundary motion plays a major role. Emphasis is put on a type of event characterized by abrupt, dispersionless changes in electron intensity and a coincident perturbation that consists of both a field magnitude increase and a small rotation toward more dipolar orientation. Comparing plasma observations at two points, it is found that in active, preinjection conditions the two most important features of the plasma sheet are: (1) the low-energy convection boundary for near-zero energy particles, determined by the magnitude of the large-scale convection electric field; and (2) the precipitation-flow boundary layer between the hot plasma sheet and the atmospherically contaminated inner plasma sheet.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Aug. 1
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Suprathermal Ion Detector Experiments (SIDE) have suggested the presence of a significant secondary peak in the ion distribution function during geomagnetic active periods when the moon is within the lobe plasma. It is observed that: (1) an increase in the primary peak bulk velocity is reflected in an increase in secondary peak bulk velocity, (2) both spectra are narrow in the instrument-look direction (assumed parallel to the flow) and peak temperatures are usually less than about 10 eV, (3) periods for double peak observations comprise about 10% of the total lobe plasma observation time, (4) assuming that peaks are caused by protons, and without correcting for lunar surface potential, primary peak bulk velocity is between about 70 and 160 km/s, and secondary peak bulk velocity is between about 360 and 840 km/s, and (5) assuming equal flow velocities outside the influence of the lunar surface potential are equal for the ions of the two peaks, and making corrections for this potential, secondary peak ions are consistent with N(+) or O(+), and the ratio of O(+) to proton number densities is usually less than about 2 x 10 to the -3rd.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 82; Dec. 1
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A mechanism for heavy ion circulation in the magnetosphere is proposed. Singly charged ions heavy ions from the plasmasphere are convected intermittently to the dayside magnetopause, accelerated there, swept into the distant tail lobes and boundary layer, and convected earthward in the plasma sheet to reenter the magnetosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 4; May 1977
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Observations are reported of an extensive region of low-energy plasma particles (LEP) flowing antisunward along the ordered field lines in the lobes of the geomagnetic tail at lunar distances. The flow was detected by three suprathermal ion detectors deployed on the lunar surface during the Apollo 12, 14, and 15 missions. This particle regime is found to be similar to the 'boundary layer' and 'plasma mantle' observed at smaller geocentric distances and to an interior flow region parallel to the magnetopause in the dayside magnetosphere. It is located exterior to the plasma sheet across essentially the entire tail and adjacent to the magnetopause on both the dawn and dusk sides of the magnetosphere. Variations in the integral flux, temperature, and number density are described. It is suggested that this flow and the three similar regimes are simply connected along the inner surface of the magnetopause and are, in fact, the same phenomenon.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 2; May 1975
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Recent analysis has confirmed the existence of the lobe plasma, the extension of the 'boundary layer' and 'plasma mantle' to lunar distances. The observation of the lobe plasma is strongly correlated with the y component of the IMF. Generally, the lobe plasma is observed sporadically for a full day after the moon has entered the tail and a full day before the last magnetopause crossing as it exits the tail. An average extent of approximately 8-10 earth radii inward from the magnetopause is inferred; however, the lobe plasma has been seen all across the tail.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AD-A065960 , AFGL-TR-79-0051 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Jan. 1
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The reported investigation makes use of data obtained with the aid of the suprathermal ion detector experiment (SIDE) that is being conducted with instruments which were placed on the moon during the Apollo lunar landings. The moon traverses the geomagnetic tail once each month. Observations of a new low-energy plasma regime in the tail are presented. It is pointed out that the new regime lies within the magnetosphere, but outside the plasma sheet. According to the mass analyzer data of SIDE, the observed low-energy fluxes could consist entirely of protons. However, there might be an admixture of ions of greater mass.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: The scientific satellite programme during the International Magnetospheric Study; Jun 10, 1975 - Jun 13, 1975; Vienna; Austria
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Apr. 1
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Results are presented from the Polar Ionospheric Irregularities Experiment (PIIE), conducted from Sondrestrom, Greenland, on March 15, 1985, designed for an investigation of processes which lead to the generation of small-scale (less than 1 km) ionospheric irregularities within polar-cap F-layer auroras. An instrumented rocket was launched into a polar cap F layer aurora to measure energetic electron flux, plasma, and electric circuit parameters of a sun-aligned arc, coordinated with simultaneous measurements from the Sondrestrom incoherent scatter radar and the AFGL Airborne Ionospheric Observatory. Results indicated the existence of two different generation mechanisms on the dawnside and duskside of the arc. On the duskside, parameters are suggestive of an interchange process, while on the dawnside, fluctuation parameters are consistent with a velocity shear instability.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: AD-A214008 , Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 6692-671
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