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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetochemistry of the tetrahaloferrate(III) ions. 3. Specific heat of bis[4-bromopyridinium tetrachloroferrate(III)]-4-bromopyridinium chloride (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 31 (1992), S. 1724-1726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00035a040
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding and associated electrical behavior of the Pacific electric ray Torpedo californica in the field (1994)
    Springer
    Marine biology 120 (1994), S. 161-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The predatory behavior of 74 Pacific electric rays (Torpedo californica), studied between August and December during 1988 through 1991 in situ off the Palos Verdes Peninsula, southern California, consisted of two feeding modes: an ambush from the substratum during the day and a more vigorous attack from the water column at night. Predatory motor patterns and electric organ discharges (EODs) were recorded on the video and audio channels of a housed camcorder. Predatory motor patterns included four phases: (1) jump (simultaneous with EOD initiation), (2) pectoral-fin cupping, (3) orientation to prey, and (4) ingestion. The initial electrical activity of the rays was a train of 46 to 414 5-ms monophasic EODs that lasted 0.45 to 7.06 s; the maximum number of EODs produced during an attack was 〉1200. Maximum output, measured on only one ray, was 45 V. Fifty-five rays were presented one of four types of prey stimuli: live fish (LF), freshly-speared fish (FSF), frozen fish (FF), or a simulated bioelectric field (SBF). The percent frequency of attacks for the LF, FSF, and FF treatments ranged from 70 to 〉90%, but was 〈30% for the SBF. The interval between prey presentation and attack was ≃30 s for the LF, FSF, and FF and over five times longer for the SBF; intervals averaged 〈4 s for the three rays tested at night. Attacks by rays on energized electrodes provide the first evidence that electric rays use electroreceptors to detect their prey. However, the lack of clear differences among the four prey treatments in five characteristics of the initial pulse train suggests that a suite of sensory stimuli cooperate in triggering an attack and regulating the electrical output during the attack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381951
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Movements of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in coastal Hawaiian waters (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 134 (1999), S. 665-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Externally and internally implanted sonic transmitters were used to track the movements of eight tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) ranging between 200 and 417 cm total length (TL), captured by hook-and-line on the south coast of Oahu, Hawaii, between 1993 and 1997. Attachment of the transmitters was facilitated by the fact that captured sharks exhibited tonic immobility when restrained and inverted at the side of the tagging vessel. Three common themes emerged from the horizontal movements of the tracked sharks: (1) offshore movements away from the island, (2) extended periods of directed, “straight-line” swimming, (3) orientation to the Penguin Banks – a shallow bank located ≃35 km from the release point. In shallow water (〈300 m) the sharks swam predominantly close to the bottom, in open water (〉300 m) they swam within the mixed layer at depths of ∼80 m. One shark dove briefly to 335 m. The average estimated swimming speed of sharks traversing open water was 0.29 body length (BL) s−1. Two sharks were recaptured after termination of the tracks; one of these sharks was recaptured twice, with a total time at liberty of 377 d. The data suggest that Hawaiian tiger sharks move within large home ranges and that they can efficiently navigate between distant parts of their range, even when this requires crossing open ocean waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050582
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum blocks the osteolytic effect of cortisol in neonatal mouse calvaria (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 189-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone resorption ; Glucocorticoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Chronic glucocorticoid excess is associated with the development of osteoporosis and, in human subjects, there is histomorphometric evidence of increased bone resorption. Paradoxically, most in vitro studies have suggested that glucocorticoids inhibit bone resorption but recently two groups have demonstrated increased osteolysis in glucocorticoid-treated bone organ cultures. The present study reexamines the effect of cortisol on basal bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvaria with particular emphasis on the effect of serum supplementation of the media. In the absence of serum, 45Ca release was significantly stimulated by 10-7 M cortisol (treatment/control 1.37+-0.06, P〈0.005) and by 10-6 M cortisol (treatment/control 1.27+-0.08, P〈0.005). The stimulation of resorption by 10-7 M hydrocortisone was progressive from 24 to 96 hours of incubation. In contrast, when calvaria were incubated in the presence of 5% serum, bone resorption was not increased by cortisol (10-8 M-10-6 M). In the presence of 5% charcoal-stripped, heat-inactivated serum, there was a small stimulation of 45Ca release at 10-6 M hydrocortisone only (treatment/control 1.19 +-0.06, P〈0.01). Incubation of bones with indomethacin did not modify the effect of cortisol in either the presence or absence of serum. In serum-free conditions, cortisol 10-8 M significantly inhibited the rate of thymidine incorporation, though at higher concentrations this effect was not seen. Cortisol produced a dose-related inhibition of serumstimulated thymidine incorporation. It is concluded that the presence of serum substantially modifies the effect of cortisol on basal bone resorption. The cortisol-induced stimulation of bone resorption which is seen in serum-free conditions is sustained over time and is not mediated by alterations in prostaglandin synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298799
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artificial redox coenzymes: biomimetic analogues of NAD+ (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 703-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A range of biomimetic analogues of the nicotinamide nucleotide coenzymes NAD(P)(H) have been developed based on the structure of a triazine dye template. These biomimetic redox coenzymes are relatively straightforward and inexpensive to synthesise and display NAD+-like activity with different dehydrogenases, despite their apparently minimal structural similarity to the native coenzyme NAD+. Horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase oxidises butan-1-ol, using the most active biomimetic coenzyme (Nap 1), with a k cat value an order of magnitude lower and a K m for the coenzyme two orders of magnitude higher than those using native NAD+. The enzymatically reduced biomimetic coenzymes may be reoxidised by phenazine methosulfate. We believe that these coenzymes may find applications in biotransformations and biosensors, and in the development of biomimetic catalysts where the redox enzyme itself is replaced by a synthetic binding site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051455
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to "Comment on ‘The viscoelastic response of Brownian suspensions' " [J. Chem. Phys. 114, 3339 (2001)] (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 3341-3342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Our original article presented computer simulation results for the viscoelastic response of a simple model colloidal suspension. We compared our results for the viscosity with a theoretical prediction of Verberg et al. [R. Verberg, I. M. de Schepper, and E. G. D. Cohen, Phys. Rev. E 55, 3143 (1997)] and found poor agreement. It is suggested in the previous comment that a comparison with a modified expression is more appropriate. In response we explain the basis of our comparison and expand on how a different interpretation could be made, leading to an expression of the form Felderhof suggests is appropriate. Nonetheless, as stated in the comment, the agreement with simulation is poor, no matter which of the two possible theoretical expressions is used. We also seek to clarify our position concerning the form of the high frequency response at low volume fraction. Our finding is that the ratio of this to the high frequency response in the zero density limit is not the radial distribution function at contact, as predicted by Verberg et al. [R. Verberg, I. M. de Schepper, M. J. Feigenbaum, and E. G. D. Cohen, J. Stat. Phys. 87, 1037 (1997)], but is a rather smaller quantity. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1338510
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The way to healthy eating for children (1998)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 100 (1998), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: There is widespread concern that children consume too few fruit and vegetables and as a result are likely to incur health problems. This paper outlines a series of studies in which an intervention that combines video-based peer modelling with rewards has been shown to be very effective in enabling children to eat a variety of fruit and vegetables that previously they rejected. These effects have been very substantial and long lasting. The procedure has been used successfully in children's own homes and, as this paper shows in particular detail, in school settings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709810207496
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Complex Organic Compounds from Simple Precursors: Formation of Amino-Acids, Amino-Acid Polymers, Fatty Acids and Purines from Ammonium Cyanide (1963)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 199 (1963), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] EXAMINATION of simple chemical systems, reacting under conditions comparable with those which may have existed at the time life on Earth began, has indicated that many amino-acids are synthesized from such simple precursors as methane, nitrogen, hydrogen and water. The relation of these experiments ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/199219a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementiferous Gravels of the Vaal River at Riverview Estates (1935)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 136 (1935), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] TOWARDS the end of April last, Mr. F. W. * Webber, chairman of Carrig Diamonds, Ltd., very generously presented a collection of stone implements and a variety of deeply mineralised faunal remains to the Bureau of Archaeology recently established at the University of the Witwatersrand. These had ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/136053a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geology and Early Man (1941)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 147 (1941), S. 45-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE recent contribution by ?. ?. Paterson1 under the above title provides a welcome stimulus towards the general reconsideration of Quaternary events throughout the world, and towards the ultimate unification of our rather scattered knowledge. So wide a survey must inevitably provoke that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/147045a0
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