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  • 1
    Call number: SR 90.1039(8)
    In: Land Resources Management technical paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 25 S.
    ISBN: 0643003975
    Series Statement: Land Resources Management technical paper 8
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Call number: SR 90.1039(10)
    In: Land Resources Management technical paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 19 S.
    ISBN: 0643004092
    Series Statement: Land Resources Management technical paper 10
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Call number: SR 90.1039(5)
    In: Land Resources Management technical paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 29 S. + 1 Kt.-Beil.
    ISBN: 0643003754
    Series Statement: Land Resources Management technical papers 5
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Call number: SR 90.1039(12)
    In: Land Resources Management technical paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 10 S.
    ISBN: 0643029737
    Series Statement: Land Resources Management technical paper 12
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume On évalue la performance en flexion de poutres renforcées de fibres d'acier de différents types et dans des quantités différentes, suivant des paramètres de résilience et des facteurs de résistance résiduelle définis selon la norme ASTM C1018-89. On a examiné cinq types de fibres d'acier dans des proportions allant de 30 à 150 kg m−3, et deux ordres de résistance de matrice, dans un programme de 117 essais sur des poutres larges de 150 mm et épaisses de 100 mm chargées en trois points sur une portée de 750 mm. On a nettement identifié des différences significatives de performance en liaison avec des variations de paramètres de la matrice et des fibres. La résistance à la fissuration initiale dépend essentiellement des caractéristiques qui gouvernent la résistance de la matrice, et minimalement des paramètres de fibre, tels le type, la dimension et la proportion. Les indices de résilience et les facteurs de résistance résiduelle, en particulier ceux qui correspondent aux flexions les plus fortes, dépendent principalement du type et de la proportion de fibre et, pour des fibres de géométrie similaire, des quantités relatives. Tous dépendent minimalement de la résistance de la matrice.
    Notes: Abstract The flexural performance of steel fibre-reinforced beams with varying amounts and types of fibre is evaluated in terms of toughness parameters and residual strength factors determined in accordance with ASTM Standard C1018-89. Five types of steel fibre in amounts from 30 to 105 kg m−3, and two matrix strength levels, were examined in a program of 117 tests using beams 150 mm wide and 100 mm deep loaded at the third points over a 750 mm span. Significant differences in performance associated with changes in matrix and fibre parameters are clearly identified in this test. First-crack strength depends mainly on characteristics that govern matrix strength and is minimally dependent on fibre parameters such as type, size and amount. Toughness indices and residual strength factors, particularly those corresponding to higher deflections, depend primarily on fibre type, amount and, for geometrically similar fibres, aspect ratio. All are minimally dependent on matrix strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-03-24
    Description: The multiphase and multicomponent dynamics of the release of light nonaqueous-phase liquid (LNAPL) petroleum hydrocarbons into the subsurface determines the longevity of health and environmental risks. Gasoline is of particular concern, with a wide range of volatilities and solubilities. A Darcy-scale, three-dimensional, multiphase and multicomponent approach simulated the effects of the release depth and duration (20–500 d) on the distribution, partitioning, and fate of gasoline components, highlighting major changes in composition and mass during the initial release period. The simulated release occurred at either the ground surface (shallow) or immediately above the water table (deep). The LNAPL mass losses were directly related to the duration of the release. As much as 20% of the initial LNAPL mass was lost from shallow releases mainly as a result of ongoing volatilization of C4–C6 alkanes in the vadose zone over the release period. This was up to 59% higher than the deep releases, mostly resulting from the greater penetration of the deep release below the water table. Over the longer term, the mole fraction of the components within the LNAPL plume from the shallow releases asymptoted to values observed for a weathered gasoline sampled from the field. The mole fraction of toluene increased from 13 to 17% and short-chain alkanes decreased from 49 to 19%. Interestingly, the particular balance of partitioning processes left the benzene mole fraction approximately constant over the time of release and for an appreciable period beyond. This has important implications for long-term risk in the vapor and water phases.
    Electronic ISSN: 1539-1663
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-05-01
    Description: Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is believed to be a potentially important process in understanding some properties of the magnetically closed solar corona. Through one-dimensional hydrodynamic models, this paper addresses the importance of the numerical spatial resolution, footpoint heating timescales and background heating on TNE. Inadequate transition region (TR) resolution can lead to significant discrepancies in TNE cycle behaviour, with TNE being suppressed in under-resolved loops. A convergence on the periodicity and plasma properties associated with TNE required spatial resolutions of less than 2 km for a loop of length 180 Mm. These numerical problems can be resolved using an approximate method that models the TR as a discontinuity using a jump condition, as proposed by Johnston et al. (2017a, A&A, 597, A81; 2017b, A&A, 605, A8). The resolution requirements (and so computational cost) are greatly reduced while retaining good agreement with fully resolved results. Using this approximate method we (i) identify different regimes for the response of coronal loops to time-dependent footpoint heating including one where TNE does not arise and (ii) demonstrate that TNE in a loop with footpoint heating is suppressed unless the background heating is sufficiently small. The implications for the generality of TNE are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-03-01
    Description: Context. Phase mixing of Alfvén waves has been studied extensively as a possible coronal heating mechanism but without the full thermodynamic consequences considered self-consistently. It has been argued that in some cases, the thermodynamic feedback of the heating could substantially affect the transverse density gradient and even inhibit the phase mixing process. Aims. In this paper, for the first time, we use magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with the appropriate thermodynamical terms included to quantify the evaporation following heating by phase mixing of Alfvén waves in a coronal loop and the effect of this evaporation on the transverse density profile. Methods. The numerical simulations were performed using the Lagrangian Remap code Lare2D. We set up a 2D loop model consisting of a field-aligned thermodynamic equilibrium and a cross-field (background) heating profile. A continuous, sinusoidal, high-frequency Alfvén wave driver was implemented. As the Alfvén waves propagate along the field, they undergo phase mixing due to the cross-field density gradient in the coronal part of the loop. We investigated the presence of field-aligned flows, heating from the dissipation of the phase-mixed Alfvén waves, and the subsequent evaporation from the lower atmosphere. Results. We find that phase mixing of Alfvén waves leads to modest heating in the shell regions of the loop and evaporation of chromospheric material into the corona with upflows of the order of only 5–20 m s−1. Although the evaporation leads to a mass increase in the shell regions of the loop, the effect on the density gradient and, hence, on the phase mixing process, is insignificant. Conclusions. This paper self-consistently investigates the effect of chromospheric evaporation on the cross-field density gradient and the phase mixing process in a coronal loop. We found that the effects in our particular setup (small amplitude, high frequency waves) are too small to significantly change the density gradient.
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2020-03-01
    Description: Modelling the solar Transition Region with the use of an Adaptive Conduction (TRAC) method permits fast and accurate numerical solutions of the field-aligned hydrodynamic equations, capturing the enthalpy exchange between the corona and transition region, when the corona undergoes impulsive heating. The TRAC method eliminates the need for highly resolved numerical grids in the transition region and the commensurate very short time steps that are required for numerical stability. When employed with coarse spatial resolutions, typically achieved in multi-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic codes, the errors at peak density are less than 5% and the computation time is three orders of magnitude faster than fully resolved field-aligned models. This paper presents further examples that demonstrate the versatility and robustness of the method over a range of heating events, including impulsive and quasi-steady footpoint heating. A detailed analytical assessment of the TRAC method is also presented, showing that the approach works through all phases of an impulsive heating event because (i) the total radiative losses and (ii) the total heating when integrated over the transition region are both preserved at all temperatures under the broadening modifications of the method. The results from the numerical simulations complement this conclusion.
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-08-29
    Print ISSN: 0004-6361
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0746
    Topics: Physics
    Published by EDP Sciences
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