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  • 1
    Call number: M 23.95502
    Description / Table of Contents: "A comprehensive reference on data assimilation and inverse problems, and their applications across a broad range of geophysical disciplines, ideal for researchers and graduate students. It highlights the importance of data assimilation for understanding dynamical processes of the Earth and its space environment, and summarises recent advances".
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover -- Half-title page -- Series page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I Introduction -- 1 Inverse Problems and Data Assimilation in Earth Sciences -- 2 Emerging Directions in Geophysical Inversion -- 3 A Tutorial on Bayesian Data Assimilation -- 4 Third-Order Sensitivity Analysis, Uncertainty Quantification, Data Assimilation, Forward and Inverse Predictive Modelling for Large-Scale Systems -- Part II 'Fluid' Earth Applications: From the Surface to the Space -- 5 Data Assimilation of Seasonal Snow -- 6 Data Assimilation in Glaciology -- 7 Data Assimilation in Hydrological Sciences -- 8 Data Assimilation and Inverse Modelling of Atmospheric Trace Constituents -- 9 Data Assimilation of Volcanic Clouds: Recent Advances and Implications on Operational Forecasts -- 10 Data Assimilation in the Near-Earth Electron Radiation Environment -- Part III 'Solid' Earth Applications: From the Surface to the Core -- 11 Trans-Dimensional Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods Applied to Geochronology and Thermochronology -- 12 Inverse Problems in Lava Dynamics -- 13 Data Assimilation for Real-Time Shake-Mapping and Prediction of Ground Shaking in Earthquake Early Warning -- 14 Global Seismic Tomography Using Time Domain Waveform Inversion -- 15 Solving Larger Seismic Inverse Problems with Smarter Methods -- 16 Joint and Constrained Inversion as Hypothesis Testing Tools -- 17 Crustal Structure and Moho Depth in the Tibetan Plateau from Inverse Modelling of Gravity Data -- 18 Geodetic Inversions and Applications in Geodynamics -- 19 Data Assimilation in Geodynamics: Methods and Applications -- 20 Geodynamic Data Assimilation: Techniques and Observables to Construct and Constrain Time-Dependent Earth Models -- 21 Understanding and Predicting Geomagnetic Secular Variation via Data Assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: viii, 357 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 978-1-00-918040-5
    Series Statement: Special Publications of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Series
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Call number: 8/M 03.0551
    In: NATO ASI series
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xvi, 240 S.
    ISBN: 1402014473
    Series Statement: NATO science series : series II, mathematics, physics, and chemistry 112
    Classification:
    B..
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-08-25
    Description: Many nations face challenges in assessing, understanding, and responding to the time-dependent nature of disaster risk. Changes in the intensity of occurrences of extreme events coupled with changes in vulnerability and exposure alter the impacts of natural hazards on society in mostly negative ways. Here an interrelationship between natural hazard (NH), climate change (CC), vulnerability (V), exposure (E), and decisionmaking (DM) is considered. While NHs trigger disasters and CC is likely to intensify occurrences of disasters, V and E present major drivers of disasters. Informed DM on disaster risk reduction should be based on scientific evidence from NH and CC, knowledge of V and E, and relevant options for actions on preventive disaster measures as a part of preparedness and public awareness.
    Description: Russian Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006769
    Description: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) (4220)
    Keywords: ddc:363.7 ; Disaster ; Vulnerability ; Exposure ; Natural hazard ; Risk ; Climate change ; Preparedness ; Public awareness
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 4
  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: Being a part of ongoing continental collision between the Arabian and Eurasian plates, the Caucasus region is a remarkable site of moderate to strong seismicity, where devastating earthquakes caused significant losses of lives and livelihood. In this article, we survey geology and geodynamics of the Caucasus and its surroundings; magmatism and heat flow; active tectonics and tectonic stresses caused by the collision and shortening; gravity and density models; and overview recent geodetic studies related to regional movements. The tectonic development of the Caucasus region in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic times as well as the underlying dynamics controlling its development are complicated processes. It is clear that the collision is responsible for a topographic uplift / inversion and for the formation of the fold-and-thrust belts of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus. Tectonic deformations in the region is influenced by the wedge-shaped rigid Arabian block indenting into the relatively mobile region and producing near N-S compressional stress and seismicity in the Caucasus. Regional seismicity is analysed with an attention to sub-crustal seismicity under the northern foothills of the Greater Caucasus, which origin is unclear – whether the seismicity associated with a descending oceanic crust or thinned continental crust. Recent seismic tomography studies are in favour of the detachment of a lithospheric root beneath the Lesser and Greater Caucasus. The knowledge of geodynamics, seismicity, and stress regime in the Caucasus region assists in an assessment of seismic hazard and risk. We look finally at existing gaps in the current knowledge and identify the problems, which may improve our understanding of the regional evolution, active tectonics, geodynamics, shallow and deeper seismicity, and surface manifestations of the lithosphere dynamics. Among the gaps are those related to uncertainties in regional geodynamic and tectonic evolution (e.g., continental collision and associated shortening and exhumation, lithosphere structure, deformation and strain-stress partitioning) and to the lack of comprehensive datasets (e.g., regional seismic catalogues, seismic, gravity and geodetic surveys).
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 157 (2000), S. 111-130 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: Stress, slab, Vrancea, numerical modelling.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —We examine the effects of viscous flow, phase transition, and dehydration on the stress field of a relic slab to explain the intermediate-depth seismic activity in the Vrancea region. A 2-D finite-element model of a slab gravitationally sinking in the mantle predicts (1) downward extension in the slab as inferred from the stress axes of earthquakes, (2) the maximum stress occurring in the depth range of 70 km to 160 km, and (3) a very narrow area of the maximum stress. The depth distribution of the annual average seismic energy released in earthquakes has a shape similar to that of the depth distribution of the stress in the slab. Estimations of the cumulative annual seismic moment observed and associated with the volume change due to the basalt-eclogite phase changes in the oceanic slab indicate that a pure phase-transition model cannot solely explain the intermediate-depth earthquakes in the region. We consider that one of the realistic mechanisms for triggering these events in the Vrancea slab can be the dehydration of rocks which makes fluid-assisted faulting possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 123 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: McKenzie's model of sedimentary basin evolution and its modification, widely used in geophysics, sometimes fails to explain discrepancies between predicted and observed values of extension, thinning and subsidence of the Earth's crust, as for the North Sea. We develop a numerical model of sedimentary basin evolution based on the mechanism suggested by Lobkovsky. In the course of rifting, accompanied by thinning of lower parts of the lithosphere, the roof of the underlying asthenosphere moves upward. the material of the mantle lifts and partially melts owing to the reduction of pressure. the density difference between the melt and the crystalline skeleton results in the filtration of the lighter melt and its accumulation in the form of a magmatic lens. Due to changed P-T conditions, the material of the lens undergoes the gabbro-eclogite phase transformation. the resultant anomalously heavy eclogite lens sinks in the surrounding material. This induces a viscous flow, changing the surface topography and forming a sedimentary basin. We construct a 2-D numerical model describing a viscous flow induced by subsidence of a heavy body and compute changes of surface topography. to compute the flow we employ the Galerkin-spline approach, with modifications allowing for density discontinuities and time dependence of the phase transformation. We apply the model to the cases of the Illinois, Michigan and Williston basins. the computed and tectonic subsidence curves agree well for these cases. the proposed model is compatible with the seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle below these basins. the model is also consistent with gravity data. the approach is applicable to other intracratonic basins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The coupling/decoupling between the lithosphere and asthenosphere has significant implications for understanding many important aspects of plate tectonics and geodynamics. To drive plate motion, mantle convection requires coupling at the lithosphere–asthenosphere (LA) interface. Meanwhile a low viscosity layer in the asthenosphere is indicative of possible LA decoupling. Here we present an analytical model of a stratified uppermost mantle structure disturbed by a long-wavelength perturbation (such as the body tide) to analyse the influence of LA viscosity contrast on the growth (or decay) rates of the perturbation. We show that the viscosity contrast of 8–10 orders of magnitude would allow a relative motion of the lithosphere over the asthenosphere due to the long-wavelength perturbations at the rate of about 10 cm yr 1. These constrains on the viscosity contrast can allow to discriminate between the LA coupling and decoupling. The growing seismic and mineralogical evidences of a possible ultra low viscosity asthenospheric layer may be indicative of the LA decoupling and their relative motions due to longwavelength perturbations, and a contribution of the tidal drag on the plate motion should not be neglected in the regions of high viscosity contrasts.
    Description: Research supported by DFG IS203/1-1, Miur-Prin 2008, CNR Eurocores, TopoEurope, and RASP Program No. 23.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-8
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Lithosphere dynamics ; Asthenosphere ; Viscosity contrast ; Decoupling ; Analytical modelling ; Rayleigh–Taylor instability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    In:  Tectonophys., Amsterdam, Univ. Tokyo, vol. 338, no. 3-4, pp. 247-260, pp. 2152, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: Non-linear effects ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Dynamic ; Friction ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; SOC ; FractureT ; Earthquake hazard ; M8 ; algorithm
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  • 10
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    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Int., Amsterdam, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 267-274, pp. L12S09, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1999
    Keywords: Modelling ; Plate tectonics ; Seismicity ; Hypocentral depth ; PEPI
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