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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Triton's polar caps are modeled as permanent nitrogen deposits hundreds of meters thick. Complex temperature variations on Triton's surface induce reversible transitions between the cubic and hexagonal phases of solid nitrogen, often with two coexisting propagating transition fronts. Subsurface temperature distributions are calculated using a two-dimensional thermal model with phase changes. The phase changes fracture the upper nitrogen layer, increasing its reflectivity and thus offering an explanation for the surprisingly high southern polar cap albedo (approximately 0.8) seen during the Voyager 2 flyby. The model has other implications for the phase transition phenomena on Triton, such as a plausible mechanism for the origin of geyser-like plume vent areas and a mechanism of energy transport toward them.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 261; 5122; p. 748-751.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: An overview is presented of experimental methods for determining the combustion-stability properties of solid propellants. The methods are generally based on either the temporal response to an initial disturbance or on external methods for generating the required oscillations. The size distribution of condensed-phase combustion products are characterized by means of the experimental approaches. The 'T-burner' approach is shown to assist in the derivation of pressure-coupled driving contributions and particle damping in solid-propellant rocket motors. Other techniques examined include the rotating-valve apparatus, the impedance tube, the modulated throat-acoustic damping burner, and the magnetic flowmeter. The paper shows that experimental methods do not exist for measuring the interactions between acoustic velocity oscillations and burning propellant.
    Keywords: PROPELLANTS AND FUELS
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-12-21
    Description: The relationships among excursions of mean chamber pressure, high frequency pressure oscillations and accelerations associated with tangential mode combustion instability are considered. A data reduction procedure was devised to utilize the precise pressure time data as input to a numerical solution of the chamber mass balance relationships. The results indicate that both elevated burning rate induced by the tangential wave motions and variable nozzle blockage due to passage of vortical flow through the nozzle throat must act together to generate the large mean pressure peaks observed in the tests. There is strong correlation between the amplitude of wave motions and the level of mean pressure rise. Evidence for the presence of traveling tangential waves at the time of the D.C. shift was found by use of dual Kistler pressure transducers mounted at the head end of the burner. A very unusual frequency history was found to accompany the high amplitude disturbances. This was consistent from test to test and may represent an additional source of information regarding the complicated flow combustion interactions within the propellant burning zone.
    Keywords: PROPELLANTS AND FUELS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center The 17th JANNAF Combust. Meeting, Vol. 1; p 389-403
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The 1.42- to 2.40-micrometer spectrum of Kuiper belt object 1993SC was measured at the Keck Observatory in October 1996. It shows a strongly red continuum reflectance and several prominent infrared absorption features. The strongest absorptions in 1993SC's spectrum occur near 1.62, 1.79, 1.95, 2.20, and 2.32 micrometers in wavelength. Features near the same wavelengths in the spectra of Pluto and Neptune's satellite Triton are due to CH4 on their surfaces, suggesting the presence of a simple hydrocarbon ice such as CH4, C2H6, C2H4, or C2H2 on 1993SC. In addition, the red continuum reflectance of 1993SC suggests the presence of more complex hydrocarbons.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); Volume 276; 5314; 937-9
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Spectra of the Centaur 1997 CU26 were obtained at the Keck Observatory on 27 October 1997 (universal time). The data show strong absorptions at 1.52 and 2.03 micrometers attributable to water ice on the surface of 1997 CU26. The reflectance spectrum of 1997 CU26 is matched by the spectrum of a mixture of low-temperature, particulate water ice and spectrally featureless but otherwise red-colored material. Water ice dominates the spectrum of 1997 CU26, whereas methane or methane-like hydrocarbons apparently dominate the spectrum of the Kuiper belt object 1993 SC, perhaps indicating different origins, thermal histories, or both for these two objects.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); Volume 280; 5368; 1430-2
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  • 6
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-10-26
    Description: Shielding properties of lead cylinder around magnetometer
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2006-10-26
    Description: Acoustic spectrometer system for ultrasonic nondestructive testing by triangulation method
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2006-10-26
    Description: Flaw detection by ultrasonic scanning using triangulation methods
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-10-26
    Description: Hydrogen and oxygen sensors to detect explosive forming gases leaking from liquid propellant systems
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-07-02
    Description: The interaction of heat, mass, and momentum transport in the floating zone method for growing single crystals from the melt is examined. Methods for detailed numerical simulation of the transport phenomena in a floating zone are developed. Results of the calculations are combined with experiments to determine the effects of solidification induced, surface tension driven, and buoyancy driven convection in establishing dopant redistribution in the melt and the roles of heat transfer in crystal and melt and melt/solid interface shape in determining crystal quality. State of the art finite element techniques were developed for calculating the influence of natural convection in the melt on the shape of a melt/crystal interface and dopant segregation in the crystal. These techniques are demonstrated for solidification by the Bridgman technique. Numerical techniques are developed that calculate the shapes of both the melt/solid and melt/gas interfaces simultaneously with the thermal fields in melt and solid. Models for the fluid flows due to the rotation of the feed and crystal rods are completed and the effects of these flows on dopant segregation are studied, especially in the case of zones longer than can be achieved on Earth.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Float Zone Workshop; p 175-199
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