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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martens, Koen -- Schon, Isa -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):587. doi: 10.1038/453587b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crustacea/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Female ; History, 19th Century ; History, Ancient ; Male ; Reproduction, Asexual/*physiology ; Rotifera/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-11-15
    Description: Single magnetic atoms, and assemblies of such atoms, on non-magnetic surfaces have recently attracted attention owing to their potential use in high-density magnetic data storage and as a platform for quantum computing. A fundamental problem resulting from their quantum mechanical nature is that the localized magnetic moments of these atoms are easily destabilized by interactions with electrons, nuclear spins and lattice vibrations of the substrate. Even when large magnetic fields are applied to stabilize the magnetic moment, the observed lifetimes remain rather short (less than a microsecond). Several routes for stabilizing the magnetic moment against fluctuations have been suggested, such as using thin insulating layers between the magnetic atom and the substrate to suppress the interactions with the substrate's conduction electrons, or coupling several magnetic moments together to reduce their quantum mechanical fluctuations. Here we show that the magnetic moments of single holmium atoms on a highly conductive metallic substrate can reach lifetimes of the order of minutes. The necessary decoupling from the thermal bath of electrons, nuclear spins and lattice vibrations is achieved by a remarkable combination of several symmetries intrinsic to the system: time reversal symmetry, the internal symmetries of the total angular momentum and the point symmetry of the local environment of the magnetic atom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyamachi, Toshio -- Schuh, Tobias -- Markl, Tobias -- Bresch, Christopher -- Balashov, Timofey -- Stohr, Alexander -- Karlewski, Christian -- Andre, Stephan -- Marthaler, Michael -- Hoffmann, Martin -- Geilhufe, Matthias -- Ostanin, Sergey -- Hergert, Wolfram -- Mertig, Ingrid -- Schon, Gerd -- Ernst, Arthur -- Wulfhekel, Wulf -- England -- Nature. 2013 Nov 14;503(7475):242-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12759.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany [2] Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwashi, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24226888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-04-03
    Description: The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide and threatens to shorten lifespan. Impaired insulin action in peripheral tissues is a major pathogenic factor. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in adipose tissue through the GLUT4 (also known as SLC2A4) glucose transporter, and alterations in adipose tissue GLUT4 expression or function regulate systemic insulin sensitivity. Downregulation of human and mouse adipose tissue GLUT4 occurs early in diabetes development. Here we report that adipose tissue GLUT4 regulates the expression of carbohydrate-responsive-element-binding protein (ChREBP; also known as MLXIPL), a transcriptional regulator of lipogenic and glycolytic genes. Furthermore, adipose ChREBP is a major determinant of adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis and systemic insulin sensitivity. We find a new mechanism for glucose regulation of ChREBP: glucose-mediated activation of the canonical ChREBP isoform (ChREBP-alpha) induces expression of a novel, potent isoform (ChREBP-beta) that is transcribed from an alternative promoter. ChREBP-beta expression in human adipose tissue predicts insulin sensitivity, indicating that it may be an effective target for treating diabetes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341994/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341994/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herman, Mark A -- Peroni, Odile D -- Villoria, Jorge -- Schon, Michael R -- Abumrad, Nada A -- Bluher, Matthias -- Klein, Samuel -- Kahn, Barbara B -- DK037948/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK046200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK057521/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK076726/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK056341-11/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK037948/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK037948-22/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK098002/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK43051/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Apr 19;484(7394):333-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10986.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22466288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/cytology/*metabolism/pathology ; Adiposity ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription ; Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Cells, Cultured ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Genotype ; Glucose/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Glucose Intolerance/genetics ; Glucose Transporter Type 4/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism/pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Lipogenesis ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Obesity/genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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