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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Biogeography. ; Microbiology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Water. ; Biogeosciences. ; Microbiology. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1: Nitrogen Fixation in the Marine Environment -- Chapter2: Fundamentals of N2 Fixation -- Chapter3: History of Research on Marine N2 Fixation -- Chapter4: Microorganisms and Habitats -- Chapter5: Measurements of Organism Abundances and Activities -- Chapter6: Factors Controlling N2 Fixation -- Chapter7: Biogeography of N2 Fixation in the Surface Ocean -- Chapter8: N2 Fixation in Ocean Basins -- Chapter9: Marine N2 Fixation, Global Change and the Future -- Chapter10: Summary and Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book aims to serve as a centralized reference document for students and researchers interested in aspects of marine nitrogen fixation. Although nitrogen is a critical element in both terrestrial and aquatic productivity, and nitrogen fixation is a key process that balances losses due to denitrification in both environments, most resources on the subject focuses on the biochemistry and microbiology of such processes and the organisms involved in the terrestrial environment on symbiosis in terrestrial systems, or on largely ecological aspects in the marine environment. This book is intended to provide an overview of N2 fixation research for marine researchers, while providing a reference on marine research for researchers in other fields, including terrestrial N2 fixation. This book bridges this knowledge gap for both specialists and non-experts, and provides an in-depth overview of the important aspects of nitrogen fixation as it relates to the marine environment. This resource will be useful for researchers in the specialized field, but also useful for scientists in other disciplines who are interested in the topic. It would provide a possible text for upper division classes or graduate seminars.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 186 p. 36 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030677466
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 23 (1989), S. 768-774 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 15 (1988), S. 275-291 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Anoxic salt marsh sediments were amended with several methylated sulfur compounds. Sediment microbes transformed the added compounds into other volatile methylated sulfur compounds and eventually mineralized the compounds to CH4 and presumably to CO2 and H2S. The principal methyl-sulfur product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) was found to be dimethylsulfide (DMS), with only small amounts of methane thiol (MSH) produced. By contrast, methionine and S-methyl cysteine were degraded mostly to MSH and to lesser amounts of DMS. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was biologically converted to DMS. Dimethyldisulfide (DMDS) was rapidly reduced to MSH by the sediment microflora, and some DMS was also produced. DMS, whether added directly or when derived from other precursors, was metabolized with the production of MSH. Methane thiol was also metabolized, and evidence suggests that MSH may be biologically methylated to form DMS. Experiments with selective microbial inhibitors were used to ascertain which microbial groups were responsible for the observed transformations. Based on these experiments, it appears that both sulfate-reducing and methane-producing bacteria may be involved in transforming and mineralizing methylated sulfur compounds. A simple scheme of how methylated sulfur compounds may be transformed in the environment is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 17 (1989), S. 143-157 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The inhibition of nitrous oxide (N2O) reduction by acetylene (C2H2) in saltmarsh sediment was temporary; we investigated this phenomenon and possible causes. The reduction of N2O in the presence of C2H2 was biological. N2O consumption in the presence of C2H2 began when nitrate concentration became very low. The time course of N2O consumption after periods of N2O accumulation was unaffected by initial nitrate concentrations between 16 and 200μM, or C2H2 concentrations between 10 and 100% of the gas phase. Sulfide had no effect on the kinetics of N2O reduction in the presence of C2H2. In more dilute slurries of saltmarsh sediments and in estuarine sediment, N2O persisted in the presence of C2H2 unless sufficient organic carbon was added to deplete nitrate. In saltmarsh sediments, the rate of N2O consumption in the presence of C2H2 was not changed by preincubation with C2H2. Initial positive rates of N2O production in the presence of C2H2 occurred only when the block was apparently effective (i.e., at nitrate concentrations greater than about 5–10μM) and appeared to represent a valid estimate of denitrification. Conversely, and in agreement with previous studies, concentrations of NO3 − below these levels resulted in reduced efficiency of C2H2 blockage of N2O reductase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: A 360-bp fragment of the Trichodesmium thiebautii glutamine synthetase gene (glnA) was amplified from DNA isolated from oceanic populations of this ecologically important, diazotrophic cyanobacterium. The cloned fragment showed high homology to the type 1 glutamine synthetase (GS) enzymes of other cyanobacteria and was used to probe the in situ, temporal variability in transcription of Trichodesmium GS. Three distinct phases in the diel pattern of glnA mRNA abundance were observed. These appear to be correlated with the temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen fixation rates and the effect that these physiological processes have on the size of cellular pools of the primary end-products of N assimilation. Our data show that Trichodesmium thiebautii GS is regulated at the level of transcription and support the hypothesis that GS expression in this organism is subject to similar controls as those established for heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 445 (2007), S. 159-160 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The flow of nitrogen compounds between the oceans and the atmosphere is central to life, as nitrogen is a fundamental component of biomass and is essential for many biological processes. Although we have learned much about the nitrogen cycle of the oceans, two burning questions remain unanswered: ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Redfield ratio of 106 carbon:16 nitrogen:1 phosphorus in marine phytoplankton is one of the foundations of ocean biogeochemistry, with applications in algal physiology, palaeoclimatology and global climate change. However, this ratio varies substantially in response to changes in algal ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 412 (2001), S. 593-594 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] All living things need nitrogen. But its most common form, N2 gas, can be used only by microorganisms that possess the enzyme nitrogenase and can 'fix' nitrogen into a biologically usable form. Fixed nitrogen is a limiting nutrient in much of the ocean, meaning that there isn't enough of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The availability of nitrogen is important in regulating biological productivity in marine environments. Deepwater nitrate has long been considered the major source of new nitrogen supporting primary production in oligotrophic regions of the open ocean, but recent studies have showed that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Marine fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is believed to be an important source of biologically useful nitrogen to ocean surface waters, stimulating productivity of phytoplankton and so influencing the global carbon cycle. The majority of nitrogen fixation in tropical waters is carried out by the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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