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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • 1
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    Species Diversity and Invasion Resistance in a Marine Ecosystem (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-24
    Description: Theory predicts that systems that are more diverse should be more resistant to exotic species, but experimental tests are needed to verify this. In experimental communities of sessile marine invertebrates, increased species richness significantly decreased invasion success, apparently because species-rich communities more completely and efficiently used available space, the limiting resource in this system. Declining biodiversity thus facilitates invasion in this system, potentially accelerating the loss of biodiversity and the homogenization of the world's biota.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stachowicz -- Whitlatch -- Osman -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 19;286(5444):1577-1579.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, 1084 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA. Academy of Natural Sciences, Estuarine Research Center, St. Leonard, MD 20685, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10567267" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Deep-sea oil plume enriches indigenous oil-degrading bacteria (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-26
    Description: The biological effects and expected fate of the vast amount of oil in the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon blowout are unknown owing to the depth and magnitude of this event. Here, we report that the dispersed hydrocarbon plume stimulated deep-sea indigenous gamma-Proteobacteria that are closely related to known petroleum degraders. Hydrocarbon-degrading genes coincided with the concentration of various oil contaminants. Changes in hydrocarbon composition with distance from the source and incubation experiments with environmental isolates demonstrated faster-than-expected hydrocarbon biodegradation rates at 5 degrees C. Based on these results, the potential exists for intrinsic bioremediation of the oil plume in the deep-water column without substantial oxygen drawdown.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazen, Terry C -- Dubinsky, Eric A -- DeSantis, Todd Z -- Andersen, Gary L -- Piceno, Yvette M -- Singh, Navjeet -- Jansson, Janet K -- Probst, Alexander -- Borglin, Sharon E -- Fortney, Julian L -- Stringfellow, William T -- Bill, Markus -- Conrad, Mark E -- Tom, Lauren M -- Chavarria, Krystle L -- Alusi, Thana R -- Lamendella, Regina -- Joyner, Dominique C -- Spier, Chelsea -- Baelum, Jacob -- Auer, Manfred -- Zemla, Marcin L -- Chakraborty, Romy -- Sonnenthal, Eric L -- D'haeseleer, Patrik -- Holman, Hoi-Ying N -- Osman, Shariff -- Lu, Zhenmei -- Van Nostrand, Joy D -- Deng, Ye -- Zhou, Jizhong -- Mason, Olivia U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):204-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1195979. Epub 2010 Aug 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MS 70A-3317, One Cyclotron Road, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. tchazen@lbl.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20736401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodegradation, Environmental ; Biomass ; Colony Count, Microbial ; *Environmental Pollution ; Fatty Acids/analysis ; Gammaproteobacteria/classification/growth & development/isolation & ; purification/*metabolism ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genes, rRNA ; Hydrocarbons/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oceanospirillaceae/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Petroleum/*metabolism ; Phospholipids/analysis ; Phylogeny ; Seawater/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    The fission yeast FANCM ortholog directs non-crossover recombination during meiosis (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: The formation of healthy gametes depends on programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which are each repaired as a crossover (CO) or non-crossover (NCO) from a homologous template. Although most of these DSBs are repaired without giving COs, little is known about the genetic requirements of NCO-specific recombination. We show that Fml1, the Fanconi anemia complementation group M (FANCM)-ortholog of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, directs the formation of NCOs during meiosis in competition with the Mus81-dependent pro-CO pathway. We also define the Rad51/Dmc1-mediator Swi5-Sfr1 as a major determinant in biasing the recombination process in favor of Mus81, to ensure the appropriate amount of COs to guide meiotic chromosome segregation. The conservation of these proteins from yeast to humans suggests that this interplay may be a general feature of meiotic recombination.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3399777/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3399777/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenz, Alexander -- Osman, Fekret -- Sun, Weili -- Nandi, Saikat -- Steinacher, Roland -- Whitby, Matthew C -- 090767/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090767/Z/09/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- J 2489/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 22;336(6088):1585-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1220111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22723423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Segregation ; Chromosomes, Fungal/physiology ; *Crossing Over, Genetic ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Helicases/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA Repair ; DNA, Fungal/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Endonucleases/genetics/metabolism ; *Homologous Recombination ; *Meiosis ; Mutation ; Recombinases/genetics/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/*genetics/physiology ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Marine ecology (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osman, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):170.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17812947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Mutualism among sessile invertebrates: a mediator of competition and predation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-20
    Description: Hydroids of the genus Zanclea are epizoic on encrusting bryozoans. The bryozoans protect these hydroids with skeletal material. Zanclea polyps on the bryozoan Celleporaria brunnea sting small predators and adjacent competitors, helping Celleporaria to survive and to grow over competing species. This mutualism enables the two species to cover a larger area than they could individually.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osman, R W -- Haugsness, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 20;211(4484):846-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17740401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Nasalization by Nasalis larvatus: Larger noses audiovisually advertise conspecifics in proboscis monkeys (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-22
    Description: Male proboscis monkeys have uniquely enlarged noses that are prominent adornments, which may have evolved through their sexually competitive harem group social system. Nevertheless, the ecological roles of the signals encoded by enlarged noses remain unclear. We found significant correlations among nose, body, and testis sizes and a clear link between nose size and number of harem females. Therefore, there is evidence supporting both male-male competition and female choice as causal factors in the evolution of enlarged male noses. We also observed that nasal enlargement systematically modifies the resonance properties of male vocalizations, which probably encode male quality. Our results indicate that the audiovisual contributions of enlarged male noses serve as advertisements to females in their mate selection. This is the first primate research to evaluate the evolutionary processes involved in linking morphology, acoustics, and socioecology with unique masculine characteristics.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    [Perspective] Powering up perovskite photoresponse (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-25
    Description: The most notable scientific milestone in photovoltaics in the past several years is the emergence of solar cells based on hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite materials. While conventional silicon and thin-film solar cells have seen steady improvements in their power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) spanning several decades, hybrid perovskite solar cells have already reached a certified 22.1% PCE (1), matching conventional solar cell technologies in only a few years since their first device architecture was tested. Setting the stage for a disruptive technology in the field of photovoltaics is the seemingly winning combination of properties of hybrid perovskite materials: high absorption coefficient and a tunable energy band gap in wavelengths ideal for solar cells; long diffusion lengths and lifetimes for photogenerated charge carriers, which easily dissociate into efficiently collected electrons and holes; Earth-abundant elemental composition; and their compatibility with low-cost and low-temperature fabrication methods (2–5). On page 1288 of this issue, Blancon et al. (6) report on the observation of an enhanced photoresponse for layered perovskite materials. The results add, literally, a new dimension to the further development of high-performance perovskite solar cells. Authors: Osman M. Bakr, Omar F. Mohammed
    Keywords: Applied Physics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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