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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (229)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (118)
  • Humans  (82)
  • 1985-1989  (429)
  • 1986  (429)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1986-08-22
    Description: A new family of protein kinase C-related genes has been identified in bovine, human, and rat genomes. The alpha-, beta-, and gamma-type protein kinase sequences are highly homologous, include a kinase domain, and potential calcium-binding sites, and they contain interspersed variable regions. The corresponding genes are located on distinct human chromosomes; the possibility of even greater genetic complexity of this gene family is suggested by Northern and Southern hybridization analyses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coussens, L -- Parker, P J -- Rhee, L -- Yang-Feng, T L -- Chen, E -- Waterfield, M D -- Francke, U -- Ullrich, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):859-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Dna ; Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Kinase C/*genetics ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Determination of the size, shape, mean density, and albedo of Ceres was made. Predictions for 133 occultations of bright stars occurring in 1986 and 1987 were completed and published, as have predictions of occultations of stars by Comet Halley. Twenty-nine mutual events involving Galilean satellites were observed at Flagstaff in 1985.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 108-109
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Although a few highly perturbed regions characterized by gas motions with velocities larger than 20 km/s have been discovered during the last several years in the supernova remnant (SNR) IC 443, the nature of these perturbed clumps and their relationship to the quiescent molecular gas near the SNR remains unknown. In part, this is due to a lack of large-scale, high angular resolution observations. Therefore, a systematic survey of this SNR in the CO (J=1 yields 0) line has been conducted, covering a roughly 50' x 50' region spaced by 2'. The observations were made with the 14 m telescope of the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO), which has a resolution of 45" and a single sideband receiver temperature of 200 K at 2.6 mm wavelength. Five new clumps were discovered, bringing the total number of known perturbed regions to eight. To study the physical structure of these clumps in more detail, more complete maps of the clumps have been made in both the CO(J=1 yields 0) and (J=2 yields 1) transitions with the FCRAO telescope. These maps show that the extent of perturbed gas in a typical clump is several arcmin, or a few pc at a distance of 1.5 kpc.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center Summer School on Interstellar Processes: Abstracts of Contributed Papers; p 69-70
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Echelle spectra recorded at the D lines of Na I are reported for nine A or F stars. Lying at approximate distances ranging from 25 to 230 pc, the stars are projected on or near the high-latitude molecular cloud MBM 12 at l = 159 deg, b = -34 deg. Among a subgroup of five of these stars separated by no more than 1.2 deg on the sky, four which are located at distances d more than 70 pc show strong interstellar D line absorption near the radial velocity of the CO emission observed in this general direction. The fifth star, at roughly 60 pc, shows no detectable absorption. MBM 12 therefore probably lies at roughly 65 pc, within the local region filled primarily by very hot, low-density gas, a conclusion supported by the large internal velocity dispersion of the molecular cloud complex.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 306; L109-L11
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: It is established that a close correlation exists between far-infrared cirrus emission observed with IRAS and the CO emission from high-latitude molecular clouds (HCLs). In all cases, the HLCs correspond to the central portions of 100-micron infrared cirrus features. This association firmly establishes at least some of the cirrus as features of the local interstellar medium with typical distances of 100 pc. The infrared energy distribution of the cirrus displays an excess of 12-micron and 25-micron emission over that expected from dust at equilibrium temperature, consistent with emission from very small (less than 10 A) transiently heated grains.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 306; L101-L10
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 485-491 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: PMN chemotaxis ; PMN storage ; PMN locomotion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies of the storage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have used an empirical approach to define “optimal” conditions. To date, no storage conditions have been described which satisfactorily preserve the chemotactic function of PMNs beyond 24 h. In an effort to define the precise nature of the storage lesion, we studied the chemotactic locomotion of freshly isolated PMNs and PMNs which had been suspended in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPD-Al) plasma and stored in PVC bags, at 20-22°C for 24 h. We used time-lapse video recording and computer image analysis to quantitate the motion of PMNs migrating under agarose. The positions of individual motile cells were traced at 1-min intervals for 5 min. The following parameters were used to quantitate migration: (1) speed (distance/min), (2)) persistence of locomotion index (velocity/speed), (3) orientation angle (the angle of the vector describing the next displacement of a cell relative lo a direct line toward the chemoattractant), and (4) chemotropic index (cosine of the orientation angle). After 24 h of storage, the following changes were observed: (1) fewer cells migrated, (2) (he speed of migrating cells was reduced by 25%, (3) the persistence of locomotion index decreased by 7%, which indicates that migrating cells made slightly more/wider turns, and (4) the chemotropic index was decreased by 30%, which indicates that migrating cells were less accurate in their orientation toward the chemoattractant. Apparently, the storage of PMNs selectively impairs the ability of some cells to orient accurately in a chemotactic gradient and changes the distribution of these locomotor parameters within the population.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 291-304 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; microtubule ; microfilament ; adult ; culture ; cardiac ; myocyte ; immunofluorescence ; antibodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Antitubulin, phalloidin. and antimyosin were used to study the distribution of microtubules, microfilaments, and myofibrils in cultured adult cardiomyocytes. These cells undergo a stereotypic sequence of morphological change in which myotypic features are lost and then reconstructed during a period of polymorphic growth. Microtubules, though rearranged during these events in culture, are always present in an organized network. Myosin and actin structures, on the other hand, initially degenerate. This initial degeneration is reversed when a cell attaches to the culture substratum. Upon attachment, new microtubules are laid down as a cortical network adjacent to the sarcolemma and, subsequently, as a network in the basal part of the cell. Actin and then myosin filament bundles appear next, in a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the microtubules. Finally, striated myofibrils are formed, first in the central part of the cell, and subsequently in the outgrowing processes of the cell, A mechanism is suggested by which the eventual polymorphic shape of a cell is related to the shape of its initial area of contact with the culture substratum. Finally, a model of myofibrillogenesis is proposed in which microtubules participate in the insertion of myosin among previously formed actin filament bundles to produce myofibrils.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Studies of a multidrug-resistant variant (DC-3F/VCRd-5L) of Chinese hamster lung cells selected for resistance to vinca alkaloids revealed marked alterations in transport and intracellular binding of [3H]vincristine compared to parental DC-3F cells. Influx of [3H]vincristine in DC-3F cells appears to be an equilibrating, but mediated, process. Although saturation kinetics for [3H]vincristine influx were not demonstrated, an extremely high temperature-dependence (Q1027-37°C = 5-6) and trans-inhibition of influx following preloading of cells with nonradioactive vincristine argue in favor of a carrier-mediated process. Efflux of [3H]vincristine from parental cells conformed to first-order kinetics (t1/2 37° = 3.6 ± 0.4) and exhibited a lower temperature-dependence (Q10 27-37°C = 3-3.5) than influx. In variant vs. parental cells, influx of [3H]vincristine was reduced 24-fold and efflux was increased twofold, accounting for the large (approximately 48-fold) reduction in steady-state level of exchangeable drug accumulating in variant cells. Otherwise, transport of [3H] vincristine in these cells showed characteristics similar to parental DC 3F cells. Also, the rate and amount of intracellular binding of [3H]vincristine in variant cells was almost 40-fold lower than in parental cells. These alterations in influx and efflux of [3H]vincristine and its intracellular binding appear to account, at least to a major extent, for the high level of resistance (2,750-fold) of this variant to vinca alkaloids. In contrast, cross-resistance of this variant to daunomycin (178-fold) could be explained only minimally by a transport alteration. Only a two-fold increase in efflux of [3H]daunomycin was demonstrated in variant vs. parental cells along with some decrease in intra-cellular binding. Influx of [3 H]daunomycin was unaltered. In view of these results, we conclude that these two agents most likely do not share the same route for entry in these cells but might share the same efflux route.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 127 (1986), S. 463-472 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cocultures of rat Sertoli-spermatogenic cells plated in a culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum for 6-12 h and then maintained in serum free, hormone/growth factor-supplemented medium accumulated an acidic glycoprotein of molecular weight of 68,000 dalton (68 kD) and isoelectric point range of about 4.2-3.5. Anion exchange chromatography has allowed the partial purification of this protein, which consists of a major protein band of 68 kD and two minor, low molecular weight components. A rabbit antiserum raised against the 68 kD component also crossreacts with the two low molecular weight components, thus suggesting that these two minor components are antigenically related to the 68 kD protein. The 68 kD protein has been identified as fetuin, the major component of fetal bovine serum, based on similar molecular weight, isoelectric point, immunoreactivity and trypsin inhibitory activity. Labeling experiments with [14C]amino acid mixture show that 68 kD protein is not synthesized by cocultured rat Sertoli and spermatogenic cells. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot approaches carried out under various experimental conditions support the view that the fetuin-68 kD protein is taken up from serum by both Sertoli cells and pachytene spermatocytes. Because fetuin (1) behaves as a carrier protein for growth factors, (2) has protease inhibitory activity, (3) is preferentially internalized by Sertoli cells and pachytene spermatocytes and (4) fetal bovine serum-supplemented medium impairs spermatogenic cell viability, there is a need to further define appropriate conditions for optimizing long-term viability and differentiation of spermatogenic cells in vitro.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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