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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 5 (1984), S. 353-358 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 5 (1984), S. 359-364 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 29 (1987), S. 332-334 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 29 (1987), S. 326-331 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 304 (1983), S. 716-719 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In early diagenetic and mixed type nodules Co displays a positive correlation with Fe (r = 0.77)3 and no correlation to Mn, whereas in hydrogenetic nodules Co correlates to Mn (r = 0.79)3. Hydrogenetic nodules and crusts show generally higher Co contents than diagenetically formed nodules. This ...
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Ontong Java Plateau ; Thorium-230 ; Barium ; Productivity ; Lysocline ; Sediment focusing ; Vertical mass accumulation rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We discuss geochemical proxies, reflecting processes of primary productivity, CaCO3 dissolution, and sediment redistribution in a piston core (RNDB 74P) from the Ontong Java Plateau. Due to the shallow water depth, biogenic carbonate is well preserved and a very goodδ 18O stratigraphy is available down to isotopic stage 11.230Thex gives evidence that the sediment accumulation pattern is driven mainly by processes of sediment focusing or winnowing. Due to the constant production of230Th in the water column, the bulk sediment accumulation rates could be corrected for the particle rain deriving from the water column above. The230Thex 0/CaCO3 ratio reflects the well-known Pacific CaCO3 preservation pattern with ice growth dissolution spikes and deglacial preservation spikes. The record of the grain size fraction 〉63 µm supports these results. The downcore concentrations and accumulation rates of barium (Ba) are on a higher level during interglacials and show several peaks. Normalization of Ba with230Thex 0 delivers a more uniform level of the Ba accumulation rates throughout the core. This pattern suggests a constantly higher biological productivity (nearly tenfold) in this area throughout the past 200 kyr compared with an open ocean environment. Barium peaks observed at the climatic transitions 2/1 and 6/5 and in stage 5 are in contrast to a predicted reduction of interglacial productivity at this location. A possible explanation might be the onset of the modern circulation pattern. The transition from Ba-enriched deep water to lower contents in the Atlantic might have resulted in an enhanced deposition of Ba in the Pacific.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Ontong Java Plateau ; Thorium-230 ; Barium ; Productivity ; Lysocline ; Sediment focusing ; Vertical mass accumulation rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  We discuss geochemical proxies, reflecting processes of primary productivity, CaCO3 dissolution, and sediment redistribution in a piston core (RNDB 74P) from the Ontong Java Plateau. Due to the shallow water depth, biogenic carbonate is well preserved and a very good δ18O stratigraphy is available down to isotopic stage 11. 230Thex gives evidence that the sediment accumulation pattern is driven mainly by processes of sediment focusing or winnowing. Due to the constant production of 230Th in the water column, the bulk sediment accumulation rates could be corrected for the particle rain deriving from the water column above. The 230Thex 0/CaCO3 ratio reflects the well-known Pacific CaCO3 preservation pattern with ice growth dissolution spikes and deglacial preservation spikes. The record of the grain size fraction 〉63 μm supports these results. The downcore concentrations and accumulation rates of barium (Ba) are on a higher level during interglacials and show several peaks. Normalization of Ba with 230Thex 0 delivers a more uniform level of the Ba accumulation rates throughout the core. This pattern suggests a constantly higher biological productivity (nearly tenfold) in this area throughout the past 200 kyr compared with an open ocean environment. Barium peaks observed at the climatic transitions 2/1 and 6/5 and in stage 5 are in contrast to a predicted reduction of interglacial productivity at this location. A possible explanation might be the onset of the modern circulation pattern. The transition from Ba-enriched deep water to lower contents in the Atlantic might have resulted in an enhanced deposition of Ba in the Pacific.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Manganese nodules from the Kane Gap (a deep sea channel connecting the Sierra Leone and Gambia Basins off West Africa) were investigated chemically and dated by10Be along cross-sections. Comparing the nodule structure with the stratigraphy of the related sediments, the following conclusions are drawn concerning the sedimentation processes during the last 4 to 6×106 years: The growth of the nodules started about 4 to 4.5 Ma before present during or near to the end of a period of erosion on a fossil-free, probably Miocene sediment. During the first phase of only a few hundred thousandyears, the nodules grew very quickly (7 to 〉18 mm/Ma). Fe-rich hydrogenetic material formed the internal sections of the nodules during this time. Slowing down of the bottom currents, resulting in deposition of thin sediment covers for short intervals, caused the character of the nodules to change to a more diagenetic composition. The growth rates were reduced to about 1 to 2 mm/Ma. The time of slowing is roughly 3 to 4 Ma BP. Probable uncertainties of the dating and growth rates resulting from supposed changes of the10Be supply to the nodules due to variations of the near bottom environment are discussed.
    Abstract: Résumé Le «Kana Gap» est un chenal sous-marin qui relie les bassins de Sierra Leone et de Gambie, au large de l'Afrique occidentale. Des nodules de manganèse, recueillis le long de profils transversaux dans ce chenal, ont fait l'objet d'une étude chimique et d'une détermination d'âge10Be. La comparaison entre la structure des nodules et la stratigraphie des sédiments sous-jacents permet de tirer les conclusions suivantes relatives au processus sédimentaire au cours des 4 à 6 derniers Ma. La croissance des nodules a commencé il y a environ 4 à 4,5 Ma pendant ou juste après un épisode d'érosion sous-marine sur des sédiments non fossilifères, probablement miocènes. Au cours d'une première phase d'une durée de quelques centaines de milliers d'années, la croissance a été très rapide (7 à 〉 18 mm par Ma) avec formation de la partie centrale du nodule, constituée de matière hydrogénée riche en Fe. Ensuite, après ralentissement des courants de fond et dépôt probable d'une mince couche de sédiment, le caractère des nodules a évolué vers une composition plus diagénétique, avec réduction du taux de croissance à 1 à 2 mm par Ma. Le moment de ce changement de régime doit se situer entre 3 et 4 Ma. Des changements dans les conditions de milieu sur le fond de la mer pourraient avoir provoqué une variation de la quantité de10Be apportée aux nodules, d'où résulterait une incertitude sur l'estimation des âges et du taux de croissance; cette question est discutée par les auteurs.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An Manganknollen aus der Kane-Lücke, dem Verbindungskanal zwischen Sierra Leone Becken und Gambia Becken (vor W-Afrika) wurden entlang Querprofilen durch mehrere Knollen chemische Untersuchungen und10Be Altersbestimmungen durchgeführt. Durch Vergleich des Aufbaus der Knollen mit der Stratigraphie des unterlagernden Sediments werden Rückschlüsse auf Veränderungen des Sedimentationsgeschehens während der letzten 4–6×106 Jahre gezogen. Hiernach begann das Wachstum der Knollen vor maximal 4.5×106 Jahren während oder gegen Ende einer Erosionsphase auf fossilfreiem, vermutlich miozänem Sediment. Während der ersten Phase wuchsen die Knollen über wenige 100000 Jahre sehr schnell (7 bis〉18 mm/106 Jahre). Hierbei schied sich Fe-reiche Knollensubstanz hydrogener Zusammensetzung ab. Nach Verringerung der Strömung und vermutlich zeitweiser Bildung von dünnen Sedimentschleiern änderte sich der Charakter der Knollen zu mehr diagnetischer Zusammensetzung bei wesentlich reduziertem Wachstum (ca. 1 bis 2 mm/106 Jahre). Der Zeitpunkt der Umstellung ist nur sehr grob zu ermitteln, er dürfte etwa zwischen 3 und 4×106 Jahren vor heute liegen. Eventuelle Unsicherheiten bei der Datierung und den Wachstumsraten, die möglicherweise aus milieubedingten Änderungen in der10Be Versorgung der Knollen resultieren, werden diskutiert.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Bulk δ15N values in surface sediment samples off the southwestern coast of Africa were measured to investigate the biogeochemical processes occurring in the water column. Nitrate concentrations and the degree of utilization of the nitrate pool are the predominant controls on sedimentary δ15N in the Benguela Current region. Denitrification does not appear to have had an important effect on the δ15N signal of these sediments and, based on δ15N and δ13C, there is little terrestrial input.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During RV Valdivia cruise VA 13-2, 1976, a very thick ferromanganese crust (20-40 cm) was dredged near the summit of a submarine peak at a depth of 4,830m in the Central Pacific7'8. In this crust, which directly overlies altered basaltic rock, three macroscopically distinguishable main zones (top ...
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