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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of a genetic toggle switch in Escherichia coli (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 403 (2000), S. 339-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It has been proposed that gene-regulatory circuits with virtually any desired property can be constructed from networks of simple regulatory elements. These properties, which include multistability and oscillations, have been found in specialized gene circuits such as the bacteriophage ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35002131
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biophysics Fishing for function in noise (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 402 (1999), S. 241-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In everyday life, noise is usually viewed as being detrimental to detecting signals and transmitting information. We tune out static noise from our radios, pay extra money for cellular phones with clear reception, and move away from a loud pneumatic drill when trying to have a conversation. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/46179
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise in human muscle spindles (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 769-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon in which the response of a nonlinear system to a weak input signal is optimized by the presence of a particular non-zero level of noise1'2. It has been demonstrated in several biological systems, ranging from ion channels to sensory neurons4 to human ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383769a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene regulation Neutralizing noise in gene networks (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 520-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The thousands of chemical reactions that sustain living cells involve interactions between individual molecules. Such interactions are stochastic, happening discretely and randomly. This so-called noise is inherent in every molecular event that takes place in a cell. In particular, it can cause ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35014708
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein interactions Unspinning the web (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 411 (2001), S. 30-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the climactic scene of the movie Independence Day, a massive alien spacecraft, hovering just above the Earth, appears to be immune to the petty assaults mounted by the earthlings. In a last-ditch effort, the character played by Randy Quaid decides to fly his jet fighter on a kamikaze mission ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35075182
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantifying Uncertainty in a Risk Assessment Using Human Data (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 19 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: A call for risk assessment approaches that better characterize and quantify uncertainty has been made by the scientific and regulatory community. This paper responds to that call by demonstrating a distributional approachthat draws upon human data to derive potency estimates and to identify and quantify important sources of uncertainty. The approach is rooted in the science of decision analysis and employs an influence diagram, a decision tree, probabilistic weights, and a distribution of point estimates of carcinogenic potency. Its results estimate the likelihood of different carcinogenicrisks (potencies) for a chemical under a specific scenario. For this exercise, human data on formaldehyde were employed to demonstrate the approach. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the relative impact of specific levels and alternatives on the potency distribution. The resulting potency estimates are compared with the results of an exercise using animal data on formaldehyde. The paper demonstrates that distributional risk assessment is readily adapted to situations in which epidemiologic data serve as the basis for potency estimates. Strengths and weaknesses of the distributional approach are discussed. Areas for further application and research are recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb01129.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Risk Assessment for Occupational Acrylonitrile Exposure Using Epidemiology Data (2004)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Risk analysis 24 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The extensive data from the Blair et al.(1) epidemiology study of occupational acrylonitrile exposure among 25,460 workers in eight plants in the United States provide an excellent opportunity to update quantitative risk assessments for this widely used commodity chemical. We employ the semiparametric Cox relative risk (RR) regression model with a cumulative exposure metric to model cause-specific mortality from lung cancer and all other causes. The separately estimated cause-specific cumulative hazards are then combined to provide an overall estimate of age-specific mortality risk. Age-specific estimates of the additional risk of lung cancer mortality associated with several plausible occupational exposure scenarios are obtained. For age 70, these estimates are all markedly lower than those generated with the cancer potency estimate provided in the USEPA acrylonitrile risk assessment.(2) This result is consistent with the failure of recent occupational studies to confirm elevated lung cancer mortality among acrylonitrile-exposed workers as was originally reported by O'Berg,(3) and it calls attention to the importance of using high-quality epidemiology data in the risk assessment process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00461.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of chaos in excitable physiological systems: A geometric analysis (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 7 (1997), S. 544-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Model-independent chaos control techniques are inherently well-suited for the control of physiological systems for which quantitative system models are unavailable. The proportional perturbation feedback (PPF) control paradigm, which uses electrical stimulation to perturb directly the controlled system variable (e.g., the interbeat or interspike interval), was developed for excitable physiological systems that do not have an easily accessible system parameter. We develop the stable manifold placement (SMP) technique, a PPF-type technique which is simpler and more robust than the original PPF control algorithm. We use the SMP technique to control a simple geometric model of a chaotic system in the neighborhood of an unstable periodic orbit (UPO). We show that while the SMP technique can control a chaotic system that has UPO dynamics which are characterized by one stable manifold and one unstable manifold, the success of the SMP technique is sensitive to UPO parameter estimation errors. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166279
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    It's a small world (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 393 (1998), S. 409-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The concept of Six Degrees of Separation has been formalized in so-called ‘small-world networks’. The principles involved could be of use in settings as diverse as improving networks of cellular phones and understanding the spread of infections. A few years ago, on American ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/30835
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise-enhanced tactile sensation (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 770-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Stochastic resonance, a phenomenon in which noise enhances the response of a nonlinear system to a weak signal1'2, has been demonstrated to be important functionally in various physiological systems3"6. Here we demonstrate improvements in human sensory perception mediated by stochastic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383770a0
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