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  • 1
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    University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2883 | 130 | 2011-09-29 18:17:42 | 2883 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-29
    Beschreibung: Primary objective was to map concentrations of target contaminants in the surfacial sediments. Secondary objectives included: characterization of potential sites for sediment capping demonstration projects, further characterization of sediment depositional and accumulation patterns, and estimation of historical contaminant inventories through sediment geochronology. (PDF contains 112 pages)
    Beschreibung: Maryland Department of the Environment
    Schlagwort(e): Ecology ; Pollution ; Environment ; Chemistry ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; organochlorine pesticides ; Mercury ; Methylmercury ; Nitrogen ; Sulfur ; Trace metals ; toxic effects ; Chesapeake Bay ; Baltimore Harbor ; Patapsco river ; Back river ; Maryland ; carbon ; PCB ; Cadmium ; Chromium ; Nickel ; Copper ; Zinc
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Unbekannt
    University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/19005 | 130 | 2015-12-01 18:48:40 | 19005 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-13
    Beschreibung: We hypothesize that the impact of PCB desorption from resuspended sediments depends upon the intensity of the resuspension (which scales to bottom stress in the absence of organisms), the rate at which each congener desorbs (which depends on the size and hydrophobicity of the chemical, the relative amount of 'labile' and 'resistant' forms, and the size distribution of the suspended particles), and the residence time of the particles in the water column (which depends on the time-variable water column turbulence regime and the particle settling velocities). In order to accurately quantify the impact of PCB desorption from Hudson River sediments, we are conducting experiments that realistically mimic bottom shear stress and water column turbulence and rapidly measure PCB congener release. The objectives of this study are to measure the kinetics of PCB congener desorption from Hudson River sediments under realistic bottom shear and water column turbulence conditions and to quantify the impact of shear stress and contaminant aging on PCB desorption kinetics.
    Beschreibung: Hudson River Foundation
    Beschreibung: Ref. No. [UMCES] CBL 004-018
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Environment ; Pollution
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 6
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 1361-1372 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The optical properties of the 1,N6 - etheno derivative of ApA (εApεA) have been studied. Absorbance and CD measurements suggest that (1) neutral salts tend to unstack this molecule and (2) the stacking interaction is weaker than in ApA. εApεA is found to be quenched strongly with respect to the monomer. (εAMP); this quenching is solvent dependent (1M NaCl 〉 5M NaClo4〉40%glycerol) and increases with the ratio of temperature to viscosity (T/η) in each case. Fluorescence lifetime measurements also reveal a temperature- and solvent-dependent decay which is nonlinear on a semilog plot. In the presence of 95% glycerol, this decay return to linearity. These data have been considered from two points of view: (1) two-state pictures which are based on thermodynamic least-squares fit to quatum yield and CD curves, together with two exponential fits to the decay curves and (2) a dynamical model in which relatives fluorophore motion leads to deexcitation via intramolecular collision. A simple model of type (2) gives qualitative agreement with the observed behavior.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A series of Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) fragments have been synthesized and their biological activities compared with the parent peptide. The substructural units, 5-14 linear and 5-14 cyclic, have been used as models for MCH -  in 1H-nmr conformational studies. Conformational features predicted by molecular dynamics analyses find support in the nmr experiments.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 64 (1981), S. 2036-2047 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A surfact derivative of phenothiazine was synthesized which is capable of micelle formation in aqueous solution. Concomitantly with micellization, strong changes in the photochemical behaviour occur. In particular, monophotonic photoionization is only observed above the critical micelle concentration (CMC.). Cooperative effects associated with self-assembly of this amphiphilic redox chromophore leading to local electrostatic barriers are evoked to explain these effects.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 377-382 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The viscoelastic responses of some molten polymers, and particularly of low density polyethylene (LDPE), are known to vary with processing history. Reasons for the variations include the effects of shear history on morphological states of the polymer, or on its molecular weight parameters. A typical low density polyethylene has been used to test the shear-history dependence concept following a variety of processing steps. The polymer was sheared in single-screw and twin-screw extruders, and in a high speed melter / mixer (Gelimat). Samples also were precipitated from very dilute solutions in trichlorobenzene and in p-xylene. GPC analyses showed that, in general, these procedures did not affect the various moments of molecular weight. An exception was the Gelimat-mixed sample, for which mild reductions in Mn and Mw were noted. In contrast, melt viscosity and elasticity readings, the former from low shear evaluations and the latter from extrudate swelling, were affected by the various procedures. A drop in melt viscosity and in elasticity was observed, being most pronounced for precipitated and twin-screw extruded versions of the LDPE. Reductions also were observed in the specimen sheared in the Gelimat instrument. Following conditioning at the test extrusion temperature (170°C), viscous and elastic responses tended to revert to those of the unsheared control sample, the exception again being the sample sheared in the Gelimat melter / mixer. Of the various mechanisms proposed in the literature to account for transient property changes such as those reported, temporary changes in the degree of chain entanglement appear the most satisfactory explanation. Irreversible alterations in viscoelastic properties may be associated with changes in molecular weights due to processing at high shear.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 180 (1979), S. 975-987 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The scope and limitations of the potassium bromide disc technique for the infra-red determination of chain branching in small samples of polyethylene in powder form have been assessed. Many of the samples encountered have an average particle size, prior to grinding with potassium bromide, of about 100 μm and very satisfactory results have been obtained, but the presence of larger particles leads to poor quality discs and inferior results. The well established double beam technique proves suitable for removing the interfering methylene absorption and compensation with polymethylene in the form of a film rather than as a pressed disc is preferable. Difficulties were encountered in preparing branching standards in a uniform and fine powder form, to avoid variation of the absorption coefficient of the 1 378 cm-1 methyl band with particle size. Such powders are best obtained by precipitation from solution rather than by low temperature milling. Despite these problems chain branching measurements may be made with a precision of between 5 and 10% and an accuracy of about 15%.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 437-448 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Die Probleme, die bei Anwendung der Kompensationsmethode auf IR-spektroskopische Bestimmungen von niedrigen Verzweigungsgraden in Polyäthylenen hoher Dichte auftreten, werden systematisch untersucht. Die erzielbare Genauigkeit wird bestimmt und es wird gezeigt, daß, wenn möglich, eine Korrektur für die Methyl-Endgruppen angewendet werden sollte. Diese ist bei einigen Polymertypen leicht möglich, bei anderen hingegen schwieriger. Als Kompensationskeil im Referenzstrahl des Spektrometers verwendet man besser Polymethylen als hochmolekulares Polyäthylen. Die äußerste Empfindlichkeit, die mit der manuellen Kompensationsmethode erreicht werden kann, liegt bei einem Methylzweig pro 2000 C-Atome. Wenn diese Methode jedoch ergänzt wird durch Computer-Kurvendämpfung und Computer Mittelung über zahlreiche Momentspektren (“C.A.T.”), kann noch eine deutliche Verbesserung im Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis erzielt werden. Damit wird es möglich noch Verzweigungsgrade bis herunter zu 0,1 Methylgruppen pro 1000 C-Atome zu messen.
    Notizen: The problems encountered in the infrared spectroscopic estimation of the low levels of chain branching present in high density polyethylene, using the compensation method, are discussed systematically. The precision to be expected has been determined and it is shown that, if possible, a correction should be applied for methyl groups present at the chain ends. This is feasible with some types of polymer but more difficult with others. The compensating wedge in the reference beam of the spectrometer should be made of polymethylene rather than a high molecular weight polyethylene. The ultimate sensitivity of the manual compensation method is about one methyl branch per two thousand carbon atoms. However, when this is supplemented by computer smoothing and off-line computation of average transients (C.A.T.), a significant improvement is obtained in the signal to noise ratio, and branching levels down to 0,1 methyl groups per thousand carbon atoms are readily measured.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 811-828 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: An attempt has been made to rationalize the variables in the preparation procedure of Loeb-Sourirajan-type reverse-osmosis membranes. The quaternary phase diagram of the system cellulose acetate-acetone-formamide-water was determined and has proved a useful tool in the discussion of membrane structures and properties. A mechanism based on differences in the precipitation rate of the polymer during the membrane formation process has been suggested to explain the observed asymmetry in the membrane structure. The porosity of the membrane has been ascribed to the relative rates of water entering and solvent leaving the cast film. The effects of the casting solution composition, the evaporation time, the wash bath temperature, and the annealing procedure have been studied. X-Ray diffraction and electron microscopy were used to supplement flux and retention data of membranes made from a cellulose acetate-formamide-acetone casting solution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 1197-1214 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Batch and flow recirculation cells were used to study the properties of high-flux ultrafiltration membranes with different macromolecular solutions. At low pressures, solutions of completely retained macromolecular solutes have a flux which is approximately the same as the flux of pure solvent. At higher pressures, the solution flux levels off. The flux, at the leveling-off period, is approximately inversely proportional to the solution concentration. In this plateau region the flux increases with temperature and agitation of the solution but decreases with time. These results are explained by the formation of a gel layer on the membrane surface during the filtration of macromolecular solutions. In ultrafiltration, in contrast to dialysis and GPC, a linear polymer penetrates the selective barrier more readily than does a globular protein of the same molecular weight. The difference may arise from the liquid shear stresses within the barrier medium due to the movement of fluid relative to the pore walls, which is large only in ultrafiltration. Also, retention of polymers was found to decrease with pressure and to increase with agitation of the solution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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