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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 17 (1972), S. 2-4 
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 97-100 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Formal aspects of computing 9 (1997), S. 119-148 
    ISSN: 1433-299X
    Keywords: Fault-tolerance ; Distributed replicated systems ; Communicating sequential processes ; Nondeterminism ; Partial and total correctness ; Divergence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper studies the correctness of distributed systems made up of replicated processes that communicate by message passing. Processes are described within the divergence model of CSP. The notion of correctness introduced is based on a relation that formally expresses the conformance of an implementation process with the target process it is intended to implement. A weak and a strong version of the relation are introduced, aimed at treating acyclic and cyclic process networks respectively. Both allow the study of (total) correctness and may cope with non-deterministic targets and implementations. We then show how a target process may be implemented (in the formal sense introduced) by replicating it in a set of copies, a majority of which is non-faulty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 6 (1996), S. 237-253 
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Keywords: Polyphosphazenes ; molecular dynamics ; poly[bis(chloro)phosphazene] ; force field parameters (CHARMM)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Suitable parameter sets for the CHARMm force field were derived for the structural units in polychlorophosphazene [P=N, P N, P Cl] using the Dinur Hagler energy second derivative procedure based on quantum mechanical SCI calculations using the 6–31G* basis set. To validate the reliability of the parameter set, structural results obtained with CHARMm for the adopted model compounds (OP2NCl5 and OP3N2Cl5) were compared with those derived fromab initio quantum mechanics using the 6–31G* basis set. Application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in combinatioin with the available X-ray diffraction data provided structural and conformational information on the polymer. The calculation made using the periodic boundary conditions (PBC) agree well with the polychlorophosphazene ordered in a monoclinic unit cell (a=5.98,b=12.99,c=4.92 A; β=111.7). This model was stabilized mainly by the image atoms contribution to the electrostatic energy term and had aquasi-planar conformation of the backbone chain (glide symmetry). The MD calculations also provided evidence that the difference between single and double PN bonds is less marked than that measured experimentally. This result is, however, in agreement with more recent and accurate X-ray studies on poly(methylphosphazene). Validation of the polymer model provided a complete picture, otherwise experimentally inaccessible, of the internal fluctuations of the polymeric chains.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 18 (1980), S. 89-99 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total dipole moments, molecular energies, and π-electron densities for the linear and orthogonal pyrrole⃛acetonitrile hydrogen-bonded complexes were studied in the ab initio valence bond framework using the minimal STO-3G basis set. That the orthogonal conformation, although slightly less stable than the other, is predominant as observed in carbon tetrachloride, can be explained by its relatively high symmetry number.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 1 (1987), S. 403-412 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Trimethyl-2-hydroxyethylarsonium salts ; arsenocholine ; trimethyl-2-haloethylarsonium bromide ; trimethyl-2-acetoxyethylarsonium bromide ; acetylarsenocholine ; trimethyl-2-(dihydrogen phosphato)ethylarsonium bromide ; 1H and 13C NMR spectra ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Trimethyl-2-X-ethylarsonium salts (X=OH, Cl, Br, CH3COO; anion=Br) and trimethyl-2-diethoxyethylarsonium bromide were prepared from trimethylarsine and the appropriate organic bromides in sealed tubes at elevated temperatures or by refluxing the neat reagents. The yields ranged from 33 to 85%. Anion exchange reactions produced the arsonium iodides, nitrates, acetates, tosylates, tetraphenylborates, picrates, hydroxides, and carbonates. Arsenocholine bromide (X=OH) was phosphorylated with concentrated phosphoric acid. The product was isolated as the barium salt. Treatment of the barium salt with sulfuric acid yielded trimethyl-2-(dihydrogen phosphato)ethylarsonium bromide. These substances were synthesized to serve as precursors for arsenic- containing phospholipids and as standards for the chromatographic identification of arsenocholines. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The shifts of the arsenic compounds were compared with those of the corresponding nitrogen compounds and found to be sufficiently different to be used for the identification of these compounds in their mixtures.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 103-109 
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Arsenic-containing lipids ; 2-trimethylarsonioethylphosphonic acid bromide ; 1,2-bis(palmitoyloxy)-3-propyl 2-trimethylarsonioethylphosphonate ; arsenic-containing phosphonolipid ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Arsenic analogs of lecithins (i.e. with replacement of nitrogen by arsenic in the choline group) are probably trace constituents of phospholipids in many organisms. Attempts to synthesize 1,2-bis(palmitoyloxy)-3-propyl 2-trimethylarsonioethyl phosphate (arsenolecithin) according to wellestablished procedures for the synthesis of the corresponding nitrogen compound failed. However, 1,2-bis(palmitoyloxy)-3-propyl 2-trimethylarsonioethylphosphonate, an arsenic-containing phosphonolipid, was obtained in 16% yield by reacting 1,2-bis(palmitoyloxy)-3-iodopropane with silver 2-trimethylarsonioethylphosphonate in isopropanol. The precursors to the arsenic-containing phosphonolipid were obtained by quaternization of trimethylarsine with diethyl 2-bromoethylphosphonate, hydrolysis of the resulting product with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and reaction of the phosphonic acid with silver oxide to give silver 2-trimethylarsonioethylphosphonate. Quaternization and hydrolysis proceeded almost quantitatively. The silver phosphonate was not isolated but was used in situ.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 191-202 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reaction of catenapoly(diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazene) (1) with SO3 in 1,2-dichloroethane at 15°C, applying a mole ratio m = [SO3]/[--P(OC6H5)2N - ] ≤ 1,0 and subsequent quenching with water, leads to catenapoly(diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazene-co-diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazenium hydrogen sulfate) (2) containing up to 57% protonated nitrogen. At m 〉 1,0 C-sulfonation occurs, resulting in the formation of water-soluble catenapoly[diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazene-co-diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazenium hydrogen sulfate-co-bis(sulfophenoxy)-λ5-phosphazenium hydrogen sulfate] (3). The latter can be converted into catenapoly[diphenoxy-λ5-phosphazene-co-bis(sulfophenoxy)-λ5-phosphazene] (4b) by treatment with alkali and subsequent percolating through a cation exchange resin. Analytical results show that C-sulfonation is preceded by the formation of a polymer-SO3 donor-acceptor complex.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 7 (1975), S. 504-507 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proton NMR spectrum of cinnoline has been measured at high field (250 MHz) and analysed as an H-8-de-coupled ABCXY and H-4-decoupled ABCX system. Inter-ring H—H couplings have been determined and discussed in relation to theoretical values obtained using INDO calculations.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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