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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The green peach aphid (GPA) is a serious pest of peach tree in many areas of the world. To date, only one GPA resistance gene has been assigned in peach. This study was initiated to determine the inheritance of GPA resistance in the red leaf peach rootstock cultivar ‘Rubira’. Crosses were made between ‘Rubira’ and the susceptible green leaf peach rootstock cultivar ‘Pamirskij 5′. Genetic analysis was performed on the parents, F1 and F2 progenies. Analyses of segregation patterns of plants in F1 (1:0) and F2 (3:1) indicated single dominant gene control of GPA resistance in ‘Rubira’. Reddish spots, probably due to aphid feeding punctures, are associated with, but not themselves responsible for, the GPA resistance in ‘Rubira’. No relationship was found between GPA resistance and the red leaf character of ‘Rubira’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 102 (1981), S. 1330-1335 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 102 (1981), S. 1330-1335 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 14 (1979), S. 306-308 
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 70 (2000), S. 479-488 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Traction drive ; friction ; contact ; rheology ; thermal effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  In automotive traction drives, power is transmitted by friction forces. The friction forces result from the shear stresses developed in lubricated and highly loaded contacts between rolling bodies. Due to the kinematics of a traction drive, shear velocities occur in both the rolling direction and perpendicular to it. Due to these shear velocities and by normal pressure, the lubricant is forced to build up shear stresses. The increase of the shear stresses may be modelled by a nonlinear viscous element. The describing differential equations are coupled by the equivalent shear stress, which defines the nonlinear behaviour of the element. A fast method is described to evaluate the coupled differential equations. By using a known analytical approximation for the equivalent shear stress, the differential equations are decoupled and can be solved analytically. In an iterative procedure the equivalent shear stress is updated, and the complete solution is found. The iterative method is extended to account for thermal effects in the contact.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 62 (1992), S. 361-362 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 64 (1994), S. 395-407 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Übersicht Präzisionswaagen mit einem Auflösevermögen bis 107 sind extrem empfindlich gegenüber Fehlertoleranzen ihrer Bauteile. Insbesondere setzt der Reglerentwurf für solche Waagen die Kenntnis solcher Fehlereinflüsse voraus. Da das Modell einen Frequenzbereich bis 4 kHz abbilden muß, werden bis zu 200 Freiheitsgrade mit einer Vielzahl elastischer Eigenformen berücksichtigt. Das System ist dynamisch zwar linear, enthält die Bauparameter jedoch in nichtlinearer Form. Die für die Reglerauslegung wichtigen Abweichungen von der mittleren Amplitudenfrequenzfunktion werden in folgender Weise bestimt: Gegeben sind ein nominaler Parametersatz und alle Fehlertoleranzen aus Konstruktion und Fertigung. Gesucht ist diejenige Kombination von Bauparametern und ihrer Toleranzen, die bei jeder Frequenz die maximale Abweichung von der nominalen Frequenzfunktion ergibt. Das daraus folgende nichtlineare Optimierungsproblem liefert zusammen mit einem großen Satz von Ungleichungsnebenbedingungen die Lösung. Von nahezu 500 Bauparametern haben nur etwa 20 Parameter eine wesentlichen Einfluß, insgesamt etwa 95%, auf die Streuung der Amplitudenfrequenzfunktion.
    Notes: Summary High precision balances with resolutions up to 107 are extremely sensitive to tolerances of the design parameters. The influence of these tolerances with respect to the dynamical behavior of the balance must be known for lay-out purposes of the balance control unit. The balance is modeled within a range of 4 kHz which results in about 200 degrees of freedom including a large number of elastic modes of all components. The system is linear with respect to dynamics but parameter influences are nonlinearly contained in the amplitude-frequency-function. Of central importance for control design is the following problem: Given a nominal set of design parameters and their relevant tolerances as foreseen by design and realized by manufacturing. Given further on the nominal amplitude-frequency-function for that set. Search for that combination of parameters and their tolerances which generate maximum deviations from the nominal amplitude-frequency-function at each frequency. This optimization problem is solved with a series of constraints applying sensitivity analysis for a pre-selection and then maximizing the deviations. Out of nearly 500 parameters of the balance only about 20 parameters have 95% of the influence on the deviations.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 69 (1999), S. 429-442 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words statics ; two-member linkage ; Coulomb friction ; robotics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The static interaction of a two-member linkage with a given surface is investigated. Dry friction acts at the point of contact of the linkage with the surface. The linkage has two drives generating torques at its joints. The optimal distribution of the joint torques is determined to maximize the friction force at the point of contact. The dependence of this maximal force on the lengths of the links and on the linkage configuration is investigated. The results obtained can be applied to the analysis and optimization of various robotic systems, in particular, manipulators interacting with rough surfaces and walking machines, especially tube-crawling robots.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 69 (1999), S. 503-527 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Unilateral contact ; multibody dynamics ; complementarity ; friction ; impact
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Contact processes may be described by local discretizations, by rigid representation or by mixed methods incorporating both ideas. A rigid body approach is proposed for the dynamics of mechanical systems, achieving good results also for multiple-contact problems. Contacts in multibody systems are mainly considered, with the corresponding contact constraints varying with time, thus generating structure-variant systems. The equations of motion for dynamical systems with such unilateral behavior are discussed, solution methods and applications are presented.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 69 (1999), S. 265-285 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Multibody system ; contact ; unilateral constraint ; Coulomb friction ; stick-slip ; variational inequality.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Couplings in machines and mechanisms exhibiting backlash and friction phenomena can be modeled as multibody systems with unilateral constraints and Coulomb friction. The structure of the differential-algebraic equations describing the system depends on the state of the constraints. The contact forces occurring at active constraints are taken into account in the equations of motion as Lagrange multipliers. Additionally, the kinematic conditions of all active constraints are formulated on the acceleration level. Contact and friction laws are sufficient conditions for state transitions of active constraints, and are represented by nonsmooth characteristics. Several formulations, like the linear complementarity problem, and two different nonlinear systems of equations are presented together with their solution method. The theory is applied to a mechanical system containing three-dimensional and coupled unilateral constraints with friction.
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