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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-15
    Beschreibung: Production (abundance and biomass) and net calcification rates of the coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae under different partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) were examined using short (15, 24 and 39 h), long (7 d) and dark (7 d) incubation experiments. Short incubations were conducted at ambient, 500 and 820 ppm pCO2 levels in natural seawater that was enriched with nutrients and inoculated with P. carterae. Long incubations were conducted at ambient and 1200 ppm pCO2 levels in natural seawater (0.2 µm filtered as well as unfiltered) that was enriched with nutrients and inoculated with P. carterae. Dark incubations were conducted at ambient and 1200 ppm pCO2 in unfiltered seawater that was inoculated with P. carterae. The abundance and biomass of coccolithophorids increased with pCO2 and time. The abundance and biomass of most noncalcifying phytoplankton also increased, and were hardly affected by CO2 inputs. Net calcification rates were negative in short incubations during the pre-bloom phase regardless of pCO2 levels, indicating dissolution of calcium carbonate. Further, the negative values of net calcification in short incubations became less negative with time. Net calcification rates were positive in long incubations during blooms regardless of pCO2 level, and the rate of calcification increased with pCO2. Our results show that P. carterae may adapt to increased (~1200 ppm) pCO2 level with time, and such increase has little effect on the ecology of noncalcifying groups and hence in ecosystem dynamics. In dark incubations, net calcification rates were negative, with the magnitude being dependent on pCO2 levels.
    Schlagwort(e): 13C tracer technique according to Hama et al. (1993); Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975); Aragonite saturation state; Bacteria, biomass; Bacteria, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate, standard deviation; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, total; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coccolithophoridae, biomass as carbon; Coccolithophoridae, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Cyanobacteria, biomass as carbon; Cyanobacteria, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Entire community; Experimental treatment; Experiment day; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Mass spectrometer Thermo Finnigan DELTA plus Advantage; Measured; Microscopy; Microzooplankton, biomass as carbon; Microzooplankton, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Nitrate; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; pH meter (Orion); Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Phytoplankton, other, noncalcifying, biomass as carbon; Phytoplankton, other, noncalcifying, biomass as carbon, standard deviation; Pico-/Nanoplankton heterotrophic eukaryotic, biomass; Pico-/Nanoplankton heterotrophic eukaryotic, biomass, standard deviation; Pleurochrysis carterae; Potentiometric titration (Radiometer TIM850); Primary production/Photosynthesis; Primary production of carbon; Salinity; Single species; Temperature, water; Time in hours
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 760 data points
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Agostini, Sylvain; Fujimura, Hiroyuki; Higuchi, Tomihiko; Yuyama, Ikuko; Casareto, Beatriz E; Suzuki, Yoshimi; Nakano, Yoshiyuki (2013): The effects of thermal and high-CO2 stresses on the metabolism and surrounding microenvironment of the coral Galaxea fascicularis. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 336(8), 384-391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2013.07.003
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-15
    Beschreibung: The effects of elevated temperature and high pCO2 on the metabolism of Galaxea fascicularis were studied with oxygen and pH microsensors. Photosynthesis and respiration rates were evaluated from the oxygen fluxes from and to the coral polyps. High-temperature alone lowered both photosynthetic and respiration rates. High pCO2 alone did not significantly affect either photosynthesis or respiration rates. Under a combination of high-temperature and high-CO2, the photosynthetic rate increased to values close to those of the controls. The same pH in the diffusion boundary layer was observed under light in both (400 and 750 ppm) CO2 treatments, but decreased significantly in the dark as a result of increased CO2. The ATP contents decreased with increasing temperature. The effects of temperature on the metabolism of corals were stronger than the effects of increased CO2. The effects of acidification were minimal without combined temperature stress. However, acidification combined with higher temperature may affect coral metabolism due to the amplification of diel variations in the microenvironment surrounding the coral and the decrease in ATP contents.
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine triphosphate, per unit protein; Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Comment; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Galaxea fascicularis; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Identification; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, carbon dioxide; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Time in minutes; Treatment
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9400 data points
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sultana, Rumana; Casareto, Beatriz E; Sohrin, Rumi; Suzuki, Toshiyuki; Alam, Md Shafiul; Fujimura, Hiroyuki; Suzuki, Yoshimi (2016): Response of Subtropical Coastal Sediment Systems of Okinawa, Japan, to Experimental Warming and High pCO2. Frontiers in Marine Science, 3, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00100
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-15
    Beschreibung: Increasing seawater temperatures and CO2 levels associated with climate change affect the shallow marine ecosystem function. In this study, the effects of elevated seawater temperature and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) on subtropical sediment systems of mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef lagoon habitats of Okinawa, Japan, were examined. Sediment and seawater from each habitat were exposed to four pCO2-temperature treatments, including ambient pCO2- ambient temperature, ambient pCO2-high temperature (ambient temperature + 4°C), high pCO2 (936 ppm)-ambient temperature, and high pCO2-high temperature. Parameters including primary production, nutrient flux, pigment content, photosynthetic community composition, and bacterial abundance were examined. Neither high temperature nor high pCO2 alone impacted mangrove and seagrass sediment primary production significantly (Tukey's test, P 〉 0.05). However, the combined stress significantly (Tukey's test, P 〈 0.01) increased primary production in these two habitats. In sediments from the coral reef lagoon, single and combined stress treatments induced a shift from heterotrophy to autotrophy. Significant increases in net primary production (Tukey's test, P 〈 0.01), and gross primary production (Tukey's test, P 〈 0.05) under the combined stress suggested that benthic microalgae in mangrove and seagrass sediments were more responsive to high temperature and pCO2 conditions than those in coral reef lagoon sediments. Additionally, combined stress significantly increased the sediment chlorophyll a content (Tukey's test, P 〈 0.05) in all habitats. These increases were associated with increased net primary production, indicating that combined stress stimulates primary production activity by the photosynthetic benthic microalgae in all habitats. Diatom activity increased, as silicate uptake increased in all habitats. Microbial abundance significantly increased under the combined stress treatment (Tukey's test, P 〈 0.01), but did not exceed autotrophic activity. Respiration did not change significantly in any of the three habitats (Tukey's test, P 〉 0.05) under the combined stress, suggesting that heterotrophic processes were less affected by the combined stress than autotrophic processes. In summary, mangrove and seagrass sediments minimize the negative impacts of elevated temperature and pCO2 via increased primary production and carbon storage. Lagoonal sediments also act as a carbon sink under temperature and ocean acidification stress.
    Schlagwort(e): Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Ammonium, flux; Ammonium, flux, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; beta-Carotene, flux; beta-Carotene, flux, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bise_seagrass; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Change in bacterial abundance; Change in bacterial abundance, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a, flux; Chlorophyll a, flux, standard deviation; Chlorophyll b, flux; Chlorophyll b, flux, standard deviation; Chlorophyll c2, flux; Chlorophyll c2, flux, standard deviation; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fucoxanthin, flux; Fucoxanthin, flux, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross primary production, standard deviation; Gross primary production of carbon; Habitat; Laboratory experiment; Light mode; Net primary production of carbon; Net primary production of carbon, standard deviation; Nitrite and nitrate, flux; Nitrite and nitrate, flux, standard deviation; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen, flux; Oxygen, flux, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate, flux; Phosphate, flux, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, carbon; Respiration rate, carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sesoko_reef; Silicate, flux; Silicate, flux, standard deviation; Soft-bottom community; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Yagachi_Island; Zeaxanthin, flux; Zeaxanthin, flux, standard deviation
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3156 data points
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3WOCE., Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-19
    Beschreibung: Published
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.110-117
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Faktorova, D., Nisbet, R. E. R., Robledo, J. A. F., Casacuberta, E., Sudek, L., Allen, A. E., Ares, M., Jr., Areste, C., Balestreri, C., Barbrook, A. C., Beardslee, P., Bender, S., Booth, D. S., Bouget, F., Bowler, C., Breglia, S. A., Brownlee, C., Burger, G., Cerutti, H., Cesaroni, R., Chiurillo, M. A., Clemente, T., Coles, D. B., Collier, J. L., Cooney, E. C., Coyne, K., Docampo, R., Dupont, C. L., Edgcomb, V., Einarsson, E., Elustondo, P. A., Federici, F., Freire-Beneitez, V., Freyria, N. J., Fukuda, K., Garcia, P. A., Girguis, P. R., Gomaa, F., Gornik, S. G., Guo, J., Hampl, V., Hanawa, Y., Haro-Contreras, E. R., Hehenberger, E., Highfield, A., Hirakawa, Y., Hopes, A., Howe, C. J., Hu, I., Ibanez, J., Irwin, N. A. T., Ishii, Y., Janowicz, N. E., Jones, A. C., Kachale, A., Fujimura-Kamada, K., Kaur, B., Kaye, J. Z., Kazana, E., Keeling, P. J., King, N., Klobutcher, L. A., Lander, N., Lassadi, I., Li, Z., Lin, S., Lozano, J., Luan, F., Maruyama, S., Matute, T., Miceli, C., Minagawa, J., Moosburner, M., Najle, S. R., Nanjappa, D., Nimmo, I. C., Noble, L., Vanclova, A. M. G. N., Nowacki, M., Nunez, I., Pain, A., Piersanti, A., Pucciarelli, S., Pyrih, J., Rest, J. S., Rius, M., Robertson, D., Ruaud, A., Ruiz-Trillo, I., Sigg, M. A., Silver, P. A., Slamovits, C. H., Smith, G. J., Sprecher, B. N., Stern, R., Swart, E. C., Tsaousis, A. D., Tsypin, L., Turkewitz, A., Turnsek, J., Valach, M., Verge, V., von Dassow, P., von der Haar, T., Waller, R. F., Wang, L., Wen, X., Wheeler, G., Woods, A., Zhang, H., Mock, T., Worden, A. Z., & Lukes, J. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology. Nature Methods, 17, (2020): 481-494, doi:10.1038/s41592-020-0796-x.
    Beschreibung: Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.
    Beschreibung: We thank M. Salisbury and D. Lacono, C. Poirier, M. Hamilton, C. Eckmann, H. Igel, C. Yung and K. Hoadley for assistance; V.K. Nagarajan, M. Accerbi and P.J. Green who carried out Agrobacterium studies in Heterosigma akashiwo, and N. Kraeva, C. Bianchi and V. Yurchenko for the help with designing the p57-V5+NeoR construct. We are also grateful to the protocols.io team (L. Teytelman and A. Broellochs) for their support. This collaborative effort was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation EMS Program of the Marine Microbiology Initiative (grant nos. GBMF4972 and 4972.01 to F.-Y.B.; GBMF4970 and 4970.01 to M.A. and A.Z.W.; GBMF3788 to A.Z.W.; GBMF 4968 and 4968.01 to H.C.; GBMF4984 to V.H.; GBMF4974 and 4974.01 to C. Brownlee; GBMF4964 to Y. Hirakawa; GBMF4961 to T. Mock; GBMF4958 to P.S.; GBMF4957 to A.T.; GBMF4960 to G.J.S.; GBMF4979 to K.C.; GBMF4982 and 4982.01 to J.L.C.; GBMF4964 to P.J.K.; GBMF4981 to P.v.D.; GBMF5006 to A.E.A.; GBMF4986 to C.M.; GBMF4962 to J.A.F.R.; GBMF4980 and 4980.01 to S.L.; GBMF 4977 and 4977.01 to R.F.W.; GBMF4962.01 to C.H.S.; GBMF4985 to J.M.; GBMF4976 and 4976.01 to C.H.; GBMF4963 and 4963.01 to V.E.; GBMF5007 to C.L.D.; GBMF4983 and 4983.01 to J.L.; GBMF4975 and 4975.01 to A.D.T.; GBMF4973 and 4973.01 to I.R.-T. and GBMF4965 to N.K.), by The Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2017-364) to T. Mock and A. Hopes, and by ERD funds (16_019/0000759) from the Czech Ministry of Education to J.L.
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-01-31
    Beschreibung: Changes in sea surface roughness are usually associated with a change in the sea surface wind field. This interaction has been exploited to measure sea surface wind speed by scatterometry. A number of features on the sea surface associated with changes in roughness can be observed by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) because of the change in Bragg backscatter of the radar signal by damping of the resonant ocean capillary waves. With various radar frequencies, resolutions, and modes of polarization, sea surface features have been analyzed in numerous campaigns, bringing various datasets together, thus allowing for new insights into small-scale processes at a larger areal coverage. This Special Issue aims at investigating sea surface features detected by high spatial resolution radar systems, such as SAR.
    Schlagwort(e): GC1-1581 ; Q1-390 ; dispersion curve filtering ; n/a ; Synthetic Aperture Radar ; RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) ; marine X-band radar ; compact polarization (CP) ; cross-polarization ; proper orthogonal decomposition ; rain ; right circular horizontal polarization model ; support vector machines ; Sentinel-1 ; wind speed ; wave height ; hurricane ; ocean surface waves ; SMAP ; Copernicus ; synthetic aperture radar ; co-polarized phase difference ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; oceans ; fetch- and duration-limited wave growth relationships ; Wake detection ; air-sea interaction ; phase-resolved wave fields ; wind ; SAR ; CoVe-Pol and CoHo-Pol models ; Baltic Sea ; wind retrieval ; ocean surface wind speed retrieval ; CMEMS ; detectability model ; right circular vertical polarization model ; hurricane internal dynamical process ; ocean winds ; polarimetry ; sea surface roughness ; eyewall replacement cycles ; GF-3 ; dual-polarization ; quad-polarized SAR ; typhoon/hurricane-generated wind waves ; coast and ocean observation ; radar ; geophysical model function (GMF) ; Doppler radar
    Sprache: Englisch
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-04-25
    Beschreibung: In Japan, mountains occupy about 70% of the land area and most of them are covered by snow in the winter season. Future projections of runoff in snowy mountain areas are very important and often focus on the middle or late 21 century, whereas this study focuses on the immediate future and assesses the impact of climate change on the monthly runoff of four snowy mountainous basins. In this study, the immediate future was defined as the period 2006–2020 and uses future climate projection under the emissions scenario RCP8.5 of MIROC5, which was provided in ISI–MIP. The differences in the rate of GCM precipitation and that in GCM temperature between the historical period (1991–2005) and the immediate future (2006–2020) were applied to generate the future precipitation and temperature of each study basin. The conceptual hydrological model developed for mountainous basins (Fujimura et al., 2011) adopted in this study consists of the Diskin–Nazimov infiltration model and the storage–discharge relationships. To evaluate the reliability of the immediate future projection, the following three criteria were considered: (a) the simulated mean annual water balance for each study basin should be adequate, (b) the simulated flow duration curve should reproduce the observed flow duration curve, and (c) the relative errors between the simulated and observed hydrographs should be reliable. The results show that the difference the between observed runoff and the projected runoff could not be definitively detected by Student's t-test; however, the trends of the simulated increase/decrease monthly of runoff approximately reproduced the observed monthly runoff in 39 out of 48 months in the four basins.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 10895-10902 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Using symplectic integrator schemes, we calculate the classical trajectory of a Rydberg electron in external electric and magnetic fields. We also solve the equation of motion obtained by taking the mean values over one revolution of the electron in the undisturbed motion. The resulting secular motion is periodic. When only an electric field F is applied, as long as the modulation period in the orbital angular momentum l is longer than the revolution period, the motion agrees with the secular one and the duration for which l is much larger than its low initial value is stretched. The residence time (RT), namely, the probability of finding the electron at the distance r, is hence smaller than that at F=0. In crossed electric and magnetic fields, the secular motion predicts that an additional time stretching due to a magnetic field occurs up to the critical value of magnetic field strength, Bc=33nF (n is the principal action). In the actual simulations, the RT near the core is smaller than that at B=0 even beyond Bc, regardless of the magnitude of the non-Coulombic interaction C2/r2. Slow modulations in l are generated by transitions to secular motions that maintain high l, in addition to the fast modulation originating from the secular motion. When the magnetic field is so strong as to induce chaotic motion (∼4000 G for the energy of −5 cm−1), the RT is one order of magnitude as large as those in weak field cases around 40 G. In the intermediate region (〉 a few hundred Gauss), without a non-Coulombic interaction, the RT monotonically increases as B increases. In the presence of C2/r2, transitions from low l states to high l states occur: the RT decreases. The motions in high l states can be explained by the well-known model in which an electron bound to the core by a harmonic force moves in a magnetic field. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 7707-7716 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The state-selected differential cross section (DCS) and rotational angular momentum polarization for the reaction O(1D)+H2O→OH+OH have been measured by utilizing the polarized Doppler-resolved laser-induced fluorescence probing technique. Stereodynamics of the reaction channel forming the newly formed OH in the specific vibrational level v′=2 is discussed on the basis of the vector properties. A nearly isotropic DCS for the product OH(2Π3/2, v′=2, j′=5.5) most probably indicates that the reaction is dominated by an insertion mechanism involving a collisional HOOH complex with a lifetime comparable to its rotational period. The extremely asymmetrical energy partitioning between the two OH fragments, therefore, suggests that the redistribution of the available energy does not occur on a time scale comparable to the rotational period of the complex. Furthermore, it has been found that the product rotational angular momentum vector j′ is predominantly perpendicular to the collision plane spanned by k and k′ (the relative velocity vectors of the reactants and products, respectively) both for the forward- and backward-scattered products. It suggests that the initially excited bending motion of the H–O–O moiety in the collisional HOOH complex primarily contributes to the product rotation. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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