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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 83 (1994), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 82 (1993), S. 157-157 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 85 (1996), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 129 (1998), S. 633-642 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Keywords. Molecular calculations; ab initio Calculations; Conformational analysis; Levcromakalim; Potassium channel opener.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung.  Die Konformationen des Kaliumkanalöffners Levcromakalim werden mit Hilfe quantenchemischer Molekülrechnungen untersucht, um die energetisch günstigsten Strukturen zu bestimmen. Der Einfluß der intramolekularen Wasserstoffbrücke auf die Konformationen und die Dynamik des Moleküls wird analysiert. Die Geometrien verschiedener rigider Analoga werden mit den konformativen Möglichkeiten des Levcromakalims verglichen, um Ähnlichkeiten der Molekülgestalt festzustellen.
    Notes: Summary.  The conformations of the potassium channel opener levcromakalim are analyzed with the aid of quantum chemical calculations in order to determine the energetically most favourable structures. The influence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the conformations and on the rotational potential of the molecule is investigated. The structures of different conformationally restricted analogs are compared with the energetically accessible conformational space of levcromakalim with emphasis on similarities in molecular shape.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: capillary zone electrophoresis ; axially chiral biphenyls ; energy barrier ; cyclodextrin derivatives ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new technique is presented for the investigation of the rotational energy barrier of axially chiral biphenyls, based on capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors. Only minute amounts are required for the investigation of dynamic processes with energy barriers of 100-130 kJ/mol. The influence of the chiral selector on the conformational stability of atropisomers can be determined separately for each enantiomer. Additionally, segmentation of the capillary into different buffer zones allows us to exclude any influence of the chiral selector on the rotational energy barrier. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: axially chiral biphenyl ; rotational energy barrier ; enantiomeric separation ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; triacetylcellulose ; deracemization ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of rac-2,2′-diiodobiphenyl were separated by liquid chromatography on microcrystalline triacetylcellulose. The conformational lability, a large separation factor α, and a suitable capacity factor k′(+) of this biphenyl allowed us to convert the racemate into 90% of enantiomerically pure (-)-2,2′-diiodobiphenyl and 10% of pure (+)-2,2′-diiodobiphenyl, respectively, by a series of in situ racemization-elution cycles. The much better retained (+)-enantiomer was racemized on the chromatographic column at 50°C after the less retained (-)-enantiomer has already been eluted at 8°C. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 324 (1986), S. 315-316 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Cyclodextrin derivatives ; Polychlorinated pesticides ; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ; Pyrethroid insecticides/Allethrin ; Organophosphorus pesticides/Acephate, Malaoxon ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of the polychlorinated polycyclic xenobiotics heptachlor, cis- and trans-chlordane, cis- and trans-heptachlorepoxide, oxychlordane, and bromocyclen have been resolved by gas chromatography with selectively substituted cyclodextrins. The order of elution of these compounds and of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) was determined by comparison with enantiomerically enriched reference compounds obtained by preparative enantioselective gas chromatography.A separation of the eight stereoisomers of the pyrethroid insecticide allethrin into seven peaks was achieved. Both trans-diastereomers were separated into their enantiomers and the order of elution could be determined by comparison with commercially available (S)-bioallethrin and trans-bioallethrin. Also one cis-diastereomer was separated, wheras the other cis-isomer could not be resolved. In addition 15 out of 19 stable atropisomeric polychlorinated biphenyls with 5, 6 and 7 chlorine substituents, some chiral organophosphorus pesticides, including acephate and malaoxon and the herbicide bromoacil were separated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 376-378 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Resolution of atropisomers ; Alkylated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) ; Dynamic gas chromatography ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Selectively alkylated cyclodextrins have been used to resolve the enantiomers of 2,2′ alkylated biphenyls. The configurational stability of 2,2′-dimethyl and 2,2′-diethyl biphenyls is insufficient for gas chromatographic separation even at ambient temperature. 2-Isopropyl-2′-t-butyl- and 2,2′-di-t-butylbiphenyl are configurationally stable under the conditions applied, whereas 2,2′-diisopropyl- and 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl show temperature-dependent interconversion of the enantiomers during chromatography. The gas chromatographic separation of the enantiomers of some ortho trichlorinated biphenyls carrying 4, 5, and 6 chlorine substituents has been demonstrated for the first time.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Atropisomers ; Biphenyls, axially chiral ; Enantiomerization ; Dynamic gas chromatography ; Polarimetry ; Energy barriers ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have synthesized a series of 2,2′-substituted biphenyls and particularly derivatives of 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl (4) with either one or two fluoro, chloro, bromo, amino, nitro or methoxy substituents in the para positions for investigating the influence of these substituents on the rotational energy barrier of the biphenyls by polarimetry and dynamic gas chromatography (DGC). Axially chiral biphenyls with at least two bulky substituents in the ortho positions were separated by gas chromatography on selectively modified cyclodextrins. Due to competition between resolution and enantiomerization in the gas chromatographic column 2-tert-butyl-2′-isopropyl- (2), 2-isopropyl-2′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl (5), and some para-substituted derivatives of 4 show temperature-dependent interconversion profiles and coalescence phenomena in analogy to dynamic NMR studies. The accelerating effect on the rate of enantiomerization of electron-donating groups in the para positions and the decelerating effect of electron-accepting groups has been determined. Dynamic gas chromatography is shown to be a useful supplement to studies of thermal enantiomerization kinetics of optically enriched or separated compounds by polarimetry for the investigation of energy barriers of atropisomeric biphenyls.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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