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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 50 (1963), S. 333-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 56 (1969), S. 424-424 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. A cell-free protein synthesizing system was developed, which is able to incorporate amino acids into protein programmed by polysomes from pollen grains. 2. The enzyme system used was a 100,000 g supernatant from rat liver. 3. The characteristics of this mixed “plant-animal” system are described 4. Ungerminated pollen contains only monosomes which have no incorporation activity in the cell-free system. 5. Formation of polysomes starts immediately with the germination accompanied by decrease of the monosomal pool. 6. The rapid synthesis of polysomes suggests the presence of a preformed, masked form of messenger-RNA (mmRNA) in the resting pollen grain. 7. The instantaneous activation of protein synthesis enables pollen germination to proceed to a stage at which the pollen genome is not yet activated.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 71 (1966), S. 98-106 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Unter Benutzung einer Clark-Mikro-Elektrode konnte die aktuelle Sauerstoffspannung an verschiedenen Stellen in einem Griffel in situ gemessen werden. Dabei wurde im reifen, unbestäubten Griffel von Hippeastrum ein pO2-Gradient gefunden: Im oberen Griffelabschnitt, wahrscheinlich mit einer kleinen Depression in den Narbenästen, wurde eine sehr hohe Sauerstoff-Spannung gefunden; im unteren Teil, etwa 5 mm über dem Fruchtknoten beginnend, nimmt der pO2-Wert plötzlich schnell ab. Im Fruchtknoten selber ist die Sauerstoffspannung extrem niedrig. Nach Bestäubung kann das Durchwachsen der Masse der Pollenschlauchspitzen an Hand einer scharfen Depression der Sauerstoffspannung verfolgt werden, welche mit fortschreitendem Wachstum im Griffel nach unten zu verschoben wird. Diese Depression des pO2-Wertes scheint streng lokalisiert zu sein auf den Bereich der Pollenschlauchspitzen; die Größe der Depression ist abhängig von der Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit der Pollenschläuche. Nach dem Durchwachsen der Pollenschläuche wird die ursprünglich hohe Sauerstoffspannung in den oberen Griffelabschnitten nicht vollständig wiederhergestellt. Aus den Meßergebnissen kann der Schluß gezogen werden, daß die Stoffwechselaktivität der Pollenschläuche in hohem Maße abhängt von den Stoffwechselbedingungen im Innern des Griffels. Es scheint, daß die Pollenschläuche auf dem größten Teil ihres Weges zu den Eizellen unter aeroben Bedingungen wachsen; lediglich an der Basis des Griffels, kurz vor dem Eintritt in das Ovarium, muß der Pollenschlauch umschalten auf einen anaeroben Energiestoffwechsel. Ein Zusammenhang mit der Öffnung der Pollenschlauchspitzen bei der Entleerung des Schlauchinhaltes in den Embryosack wird diskutiert. Die Sauerstoffspannung scheint für den größten Teil des Griffels nicht die Funktion eines tropischen Gradienten für das orientierte Pollenschlauchwachstum zu haben.
    Notes: Summary Using a Clark micro electrode the actual oxygen tension at various places in a style can be measured. Within the unpollinated, ripe style of Hippeastrum a pO2 gradient occurs. In the upper part, possibly with a little increase in the stigmatic branches, a very high oxygen tension is found; in the lower part, about 5 mm from the ovary, a sudden decrease occurs. In the ovary itself the oxygen tension is extremely low. After pollination, passage of the mass of pollen tube tips can be followed by a fairly sharp drop of the oxygen tension, which shifts down the style with progressive growth. This oxygen tension depression seems to be sharply limited to the region of pollen tube tips and the amount of decrease is dependent on the growth rate of the tubes. After passage of the pollen the original high level of oxygen tension is not fully restored in the upper style. This suggests that the metabolic activity of the pollen tube is strongly linked with the metabolic condition in the style. It seems that tubes grow most of their way to the egg under aerobic conditions; only at the base of the style, just before entering into the ovary, does the pollen have to switch over to an anaerobic pathway. For most of the style oxygen tension does not form a tropic gradient for tube growth.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 97 (1971), S. 290-298 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Regulation of pollen germination of Petunia was investigated by determining RNA content and composition in an in vitro system in the presence and absence of the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D and by labelling with C14-orotic acid. At the beginning of the progamic phase 2 stages can be distinguished: First (up to 15 minutes) no essential RNA synthesis occurs, but merely a release takes place of the protein-bound RNA carried by the pollen grains. The second stage (up to 60 minutes) shows only little RNA synthesis which has not the main regulatory function. At the RNA translation level germination is controlled mainly by activation and inactivation of long living RNA.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Pollen (development) ; Lilium (pollen development) ; mRNA expression (pollen development) ; Microgametophyte ; Microspore ; Nicotiana (pollen development)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Homogeneous populations of developing microspores and pollen from anthers of lily (Lilium longiflorum Thumb.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) show a continuous production of biomass, reaching a maximum in young pollen. The rate of RNA synthesis was 460 fg · h−1 in young binucleate cells, 138 fg · h−1 in late binucleate cells and 56 fg · h−1 in microspores. The mRNA population in developing pollen can be separated into three groups. In the first group, certain types of mRNAs are present at a constant level during all stages of development. A second group is characteristic of young pollen and increases quantitatively until anthesis. A third group is seen transiently; to this belong mRNAs present only before mitosis or at a distinct cell stage after mitosis. Some of the translation products of this latter group of mRNAs showed similarities between lily and tobacco on two-dimensional gels in respect of molecular weight and isolectric point, indicating that those mRNAs and proteins play a role in the regulation of pollen development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 102 (1972), S. 277-285 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Ribonuclease (RNase) activity in styles with conducting tissue is about 20 times higher than that of open styles with a stylar canal. 2. RNase activity is localized in or between the cells of the conducting tissue. 3. Activity is not influenced by pollination. 4. Stylar RNase has a temperature optimum at 45°C and a pH optimum at pH 6.5. 5. Purification of RNase from Petunia styles showed the presence of 2–3 active fractions. 6. DEP, 10 μg/ml is an efficient RNase inhibitor and its use helps in the isolation of polysomes from stylar tissue.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1986), S. 856-858 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 575-576 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 526-528 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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