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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutathione and glutathione metabolizing enzymes in yeasts (1988)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 54 (1988), S. 367-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: glutathione ; glutathione transferase ; glutathione peroxidase ; glutathione reductase (yeast)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Total glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase activities have been measured in 12 species of yeasts. All the strains tested contained glutathione, though in different amounts, as well as the above mentioned enzymes. To discriminate between the selenium-dependent and the selenium-independent form, glutathione peroxidase activity has been measured with both H2O2 and cumene hydroperoxide. Rhodotorula glutinis appeared to be the only strain in which the selenium-dependent form was not found, but this yeast exhibited the highest level of selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase activity as compared to the other strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393527
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and enzymic studies on the recombination process in Bacillus subtilis (1975)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 136 (1975), S. 9-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated recombination deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis on the basis of their sensitivity to methyl-methane-sulfonate or ultraviolet light, or of their inability to be transformed on solid medium. We have analyzed the mutants for several recombination and repair properties; we have grouped them in 5 classes on the basis of their phenotype and tested them for the activity of several enzymes acting on DNA, ie. DNA polymerase, polynucleotide ligase, ATP dependent DNase, and a DNase acting on single-stranded DNA. One mutant was found reduced in the latter DNase. Some of the mutants have been mapped, and they correspond to three different genes denominated rec D, rec F and rec G. All the recombination deficient mutants of B. subtilis described in the literature have been grouped in 7 classes; the mutations belong to 13 (and possibly 15) different genes distributed along the map. A coherent nomenclature and the criteria for a standard study of the rec mutants are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275445
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new mutant of Bacillus subtilis altered in the initiation of chromosome replication (1975)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 137 (1975), S. 185-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated a new mutant of Bacillus subtilis temperature sensitive in DNA replication; its properties are those of an initiation mutant. When liquid cultures are shifted to 48° DNA replication is the first macromolecular synthesis that stops, but only after synthesis of the amount of DNA predicted for the completion of one replication round. When spores of the mutant are germinated and shifted to 48° at subsequent times, one round of DNA replication is observed only when the shift occurs between 60 and 100 min; earlier shifts do not allow replication to start, later shifts allow more than one replication. The DNA replicated after a shift to high temperature is enriched in markers close to the terminus. The reinitiation of DNA replication stopped by the high temperature, takes place following a shift to a permissive temperature only if protein synthesis is allowed. Examination of DNA replication following toluene treatment shows that the elongation of DNA chains is not affected at the non-permissive temperature. This mutant is shown by PBS-1 mapping to correspond to a new gene denominated dna P, which is located between the thy A and fur A genes and is distinct from all the mapped dna and rec genes of Bacillus subtilis. The mutation confers to the cells also a deficiency in the ability to be transformed, to be transfected with SPP1 phage DNA, and to survive treatment with methyl-methane sulfonate. These deficiencies, observed at the permissive temperature, are no more temperature dependent than in the parental strain. The ability to perform homologous and heterologous transduction with PBS-1 phage and the sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation or mitomycin C are normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333015
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of histidine genes of Azospirillum brasilense: Organization of the ABFH gene cluster and nucleotide sequence of the hisB gene (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 216 (1989), S. 224-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Azospirillum ; Histidine cluster ; IGP dehydratase ; Nucleotide sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A cluster of four Azospirillum brasilense histidine biosynthetic genes, hisA, hisB, hisF and hisH, was identified on a 4.5 kb DNA fragment and its organization studied by complementation analysis of Escherichia coli mutations and nucleotide sequence. The nucleotide sequence of a 1.3 kb fragment that complemented the E. coli hisB mutation was determined and an ORF of 624 nucleotides which can code for a protein of 207 amino acids was identified. A significant base sequence homology with the carboxyterminal moiety of the E. coli hisB gene (0.53) and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HIS3 gene (0.44), coding for an imidazole glycerolphosphate dehydratase activity was found. The amino acid sequence and composition, the hydropathic profile and the predicted secondary structures of the yeast, E. coli and A. brasilense proteins were compared. The significance of the data presented is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334360
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the nitrogenase iron protein (nifH) of Azospirillum brasilense and identification of a region controlling nifH transcription (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 220 (1989), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Azospirillum ; Nucleotide sequence ; nifH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The DNA sequence was determined for the Azospirillum brasilense nifH gene and part of the nifD gene. The nifH gene is 885 by long and encodes 293 amino acid residues. The region upstream of the nifH open reading frame contains a putative promoter whose sequence shows perfect homology with promoters of other diazotrophic bacteria and two putative upstream activator sequences. Experiments with the promoter-probe vector pAF300 showed that this region promotes transcription in response to the nitrogen and oxygen availability of the cell. The amino acid sequence was deduced from the DNA nucleotide sequence of nifH; the polypeptide contains the four cysteine residues highly conserved among other nifH products and an arginine residue at position 101 which could be the site of the modification occurring during the “switch-off” of nitrogenase. The codon usage appears to be very biased reflecting the high G+C content of the Azospirillum nifH gene. In a comparison of the amino acid sequence with the other 18 known nifH gene products, the A. brasilense nifH product showed the highest level of homology with fast-growing Rhizobia suggesting interesting evolutionary implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260860
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of plasmid pRD1 from Escherichia coli to Azospirillum brasilense (1980)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 178 (1980), S. 709-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Data are presented which indicate that plasmid pRD1 can be transferred from Escherichia coli to strains of Azospirillum brasilense with a frequency of about 10-7. The reverse was also possible; in this case the frequency of transfer appeared to be much higher, about 5×10-1. Transfer of the plasmid was also obtained between strains of A. brasilense; in this cross the transfer frequency was very high (about 10-1). Moreover the pRD1 plasmid seems very stable in A. brasilense cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337882
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of the histidine, pyrimidine and cysteine genes of Azospirillum brasilense: Expression of pyrimidine and three clustered histidine genes in Escherichia coli (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 206 (1987), S. 76-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Azospirillum ; Cloning ; Heterospecific expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A gene bank from Azospirillum brasilense, Sp6 strain, was constructed in Escherichia coli in plasmid pRK290 and was used to identify Azospirillum genes. Clones carrying the his1, his2, pyr and cys1 genes were identified by genetic complementation and the expression of A. brasilense his1, his2 and pyr genes in E. coli was demonstrated. By E. coli complementation experiments, a cluster of three genes for the histidine biosynthetic pathway in A. brasilense has also been found, suggesting the existence of an operon-like unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326539
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome renewal: A new phenomenon revealed from a genetic study of 43 strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae derived from natural fermentation of grape musts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1543-1552 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Genome renewal ; wine yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; homothallism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have analyzed by genetic means 43 strains of Saccharomyces that had been isolated from fermenting grape musts in Italy. Twenty eight of these strains were isolated from 28 cellars in the Region of Emilia Romagna. The other 15 strains came from 5 fermentations at four cellars near the city of Arpino, which is located south and east of Rome.We found that 20 of the 28 strains from Emilia Romagna were heterozygous at from one to seven loci. The balance were, within the limits of our detection, completely homozygous. All these strains appeared to be diploid and most were homozygous for the homothallism gene (HO/HO). Spore viability varied greatly between the different strains and showed an inverse relation with the degree of heterozygosity.Several of the strains, and in particular those from Arpino, yielded asci that came from genetically different cells. These different cells could be interpreted to have arisen from a heterozygote that had sporulated and, because of the HO gene, yielded homozygous diploid spore clones. We propose that natural wine yeast strains can undergo such changes and thereby change a multiple heterozygote into completely homozygous diploids, some of which may replace the original heterozygous diploid. We call this process ‘genome renewal’.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101203
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VII. Yeast sequencing reports. Cloning and characterization of a sulphite-resistance gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1101-1110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; sulphite resistance ; gene cloning and sequencing ; SUL1 ; zinc-finger protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In this paper we describe the cloning and sequencing of the gene (SUL1) responsible for sulphite resistance in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant (Casalone et al., 1992). The deduced amino acid sequence predicted that the gene codes for a zinc-finger protein with five fingers. Comparison of wild-type and mutant gene sequences demonstrated that the mutation event was a transversion from C to G; as a consequence of the mutation a histidine substituted an aspartic acid, affecting directly the fourth finger structure. The SUL1 gene sequence corresponds to that of FZF1 gene (Breitwieser et al., 1993) to which no function was attributed. The sequence has been entered in the EMBL data library under Accession Number 77592.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320100812
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  • 20
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    Social wasps are aSaccharomycesmating nest (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-19
    Description: The reproductive ecology ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeis still largely unknown. Recent evidence of interspecific hybridization, high levels of strain heterozygosity, and prion transmission suggest that outbreeding occurs frequently in yeasts. Nevertheless, the place where yeasts mate and recombine in the wild has not been identified. We found that the intestine of social wasps hosts highly outbredS. cerevisiaestrains as well as a rareS. cerevisiae×S. paradoxushybrid. We show that the intestine ofPolistes dominulasocial wasps favors the mating ofS. cerevisiaestrains among themselves and withS. paradoxuscells by providing a succession of environmental conditions prompting cell sporulation and spores germination. In addition, we prove that heterospecific mating is the only option for EuropeanS. paradoxusstrains to survive in the gut. Taken together, these findings unveil the best hidden secret of yeast ecology, introducing the insect gut as an environmental alcove in which crosses occur, maintaining and generating the diversity of the ascomycetes.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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