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  • 11
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    A numerical model simulation of the regional air pollution meteorology of the greater Chesapeake Bay area - Summer day case study (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The mesoscale numerical model of the University of Virginia (UVMM), has been applied to the greater Chesapeake Bay area in order to provide a detailed description of the air pollution meteorology during a typical summer day. This model provides state of the art simulations for land-sea thermally induced circulations. The model-predicted results agree favorably with available observed data. The effects of synoptic flow and sea breeze coupling on air pollution meteorological characteristics in this region, are demonstrated by a spatial and temporal presentation of various model predicted fields. A transport analysis based on predicted wind velocities indicated possible recirculation of pollutants back onto the Atlantic coast due to the sea breeze circulation.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Atmospheric Environment; 16; 6, 19; 1982
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  • 12
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    Atomic hydrogen on Mars - Measurements at solar minimum (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The Copernicus Orbiting Astronomical Observatory was used to obtain measurements of Mars Lyman-alpha (1215.671-angstrom) emission at the solar minimum, which has resulted in the first information on atomic hydrogen concentrations in the upper atmosphere of Mars at the solar minimum. The Copernicus measurements, coupled with the Viking in situ measurements of the temperature (170 plus or minus 30 K) of the upper atmosphere of Mars, indicate that the atomic hydrogen number density at the exobase of Mars (250 kilometers) is about 60 times greater than that deduced from Mariner 6 and 7 Lyman-alpha measurements obtained during a period of high solar activity. The Copernicus results are consistent with Hunten's hypothesis of the diffusion-limited escape of atomic hydrogen from Mars.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 200; June 2
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  • 13
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    An intercomparison of carbon monoxide measurement techniques (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from an intercomparison of techniques to measure tropospheric levels of carbon monoxide (CO) are discussed. The intercomparison was conducted as part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) and was held at Wallops Island, VA, in July 1983. Instruments intercompared included a laser differential absorption method and three grab sample/gas chromatograph methods. The intercomparison consisted of simultaneous measurements of ambient levels of CO and controlled injections of CO from a common manifold. Results from the techniques exhibited a high degree of correlation among themselves and with changes in the CO mixing ratio. The results suggested a level of agreement among the techniques of about 15 percent. However, a day-to-day bias between the techniques was observed, which resulted in differences between techniques as large as 38 percent.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 14
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    An intercomparison of nitric oxide measurement techniques (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from an intercomparison of techniques to measure tropospheric levels of nitric oxide (NO) are discussed. The intercomparison was part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric Experiment and was conducted at Wallops Island, VA, in July 1983. Instruments intercompared included a laser-induced fluorescence system and two chemiluminescence instruments. The intercomparisons were performed with ambient air at NO mixing ratios ranging from 10 to 60 pptv and NO-enriched ambient air at mixing ratios from 20 to 170 pptv. All instruments sampled from a common manifold. The techniques exhibited a high degree of correlation among themselves and with changes in the NO mixing ratio. Agreement among the three techniques was placed at approximately + or - 30 percent. Within this level of agreement, no artifacts or species interferences were identified.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 15
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    Operational overview of Wallops Island instrument intercomparison - Carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl instrumentation (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: NASA has initiated the Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) for the study of the chemistry of the global troposphere. One phase of GTE, Chemical Instrumentation Test and Evaluation (CITE), is concerned with the development and validation of measurement techniques for trace species which play important roles in the tropospheric chemical cycles. In connection with CITE 1 an intercomparison of instruments is conducted for the measurement of CO, NO, and OH. These species have been identified as critical for an understanding of homogeneous gas-phase chemistry in the troposphere. The present paper provides an operational overview of the first of three instrument intercomparison field missions conducted as part of GTE/CITE 1. The missions include one ground-based and two airborne missions, and were designed to characterize current capability of measuring ambient levels of CO, NO, and OH.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 16
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    Atmospheric transport of pollutants from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Ground-based measurements strongly support the hypothesis that pollutant materials of anthropogenic origin are being transported over long distances in the midtroposphere and are a significant source of acid rain, acid snow, trace metal deposition, ozone and visibility-reducing aerosols in remote oceanic and polar regions of the Norhern Hemisphere. Atmospheric sulphur budget calculations and studies of acid rain on Bermuda indicate that a large fraction of pollutant materials emitted into the atmosphere in eastern North America are advected eastwards over the North Atlantic Ocean. The first direct airborne measurements of the vertical distribution of tropospheric aerosols over the western North Atlantic is reported here. A newly developed airborne differential adsorption lidar system was used to obtain continuous, remotely sensed aerosol distributions along its flight path. The data document two episodes of long-distance transport of pollutant materials from North America over the North Atlantic Ocean.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 308; 722-724
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  • 17
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    A graphics approach in the design of the dual air density Explorer satellites (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A computer program was developed to generate a graphics display of the Dual Air Density (DAD) Explorer satellites which aids in the engineering and scientific design. The program displays a two-dimensional view of both spacecraft and their surface features from any direction. The graphics have been an indispensable tool in the design, analysis, and understanding of the critical locations of the various surface features for both satellites.
    Keywords: COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE
    Type: Appl. of Computer Graphics in Eng.; p 555-568
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 18
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    In situ ozone data for evaluation of the laser absorption spectrometer ozone remote sensor: 1979 southeastern Virginia urban plume study summer field program (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Ozone data from the 1979 Southeastern Virginia Urban Study (SEV-UPS) field program are presented. The SEV-UPS was conducted for evaluation of an ozone remote sensor, the Laser Absorption Spectrometer. During the measurement program, remote-sensor evaluation was in two areas; (1) determination of the remote sensor's accuracy, repeatability, and operational characteristics, and (2) demonstration of the application of remotely sensed ozone data in air-quality studies. Data from six experiments designed to provide in situ ozone data for evaluation of the sensor in area 1, above, are presented. Experiments consisted of overflights of a test area with the remote sensor aircraft while in situ measurements with a second aircraft and selected surface stations provided correlative ozone data within the viewing area of the remote sensor.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-TM-81831
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 19
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    Laser absorption spectrometer - Remote measurement of tropospheric ozone (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The laser absorption spectrometer (LAS) is an airborne instrument able to perform remote measurement of trace atmospheric gases. The instrument uses a pair of carbon dioxide laser-heterodyne receiver systems that are directed downward from an airplane and determines gas concentration by the differential absorption method. Configured to measure tropospheric ozone, the LAS has been used in conjunction with another instrumented aircraft to test the accuracy of this method of measurement. A complete description of the instrument is presented, and the results of extensive flight testing are summarized.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 20; Feb. 15
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  • 20
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    In situ ozone data for comparison with laser absorption remote sensor: 1980 PEPE/NEROS program (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Several sets of in situ ozone (O3) measurements were made by a NASA aircraft in support of the laser absorption spectrometer (LAS) remote sensor. These measurements were designed to provide comparative O3 data for the LAS sensor. The LAS, which was flown on a second aircraft, remotely measured the vertical burden of O3 from the aircraft to the surface. In situ results of the air quality (O3 and B sub scat) and meteorological (temperature and dewpoint) parameters for three correlative missions are presented. The aircraft flight plans, in situ concentration profiles and vertical burdens, and measurement errors are summarized.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-TM-84471 , NAS 1.15:84471
    Format: application/pdf
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