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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Journal of regional science 40 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: We extend the well-known transport users' benefits measure (TUB) for the doubly-constrained spatial interaction model derived by Williams (1976). The original formula expresses the TUB as composed by two terms associated with the origin and the destination zones. First, the TUB is associated here with trips instead of zones, providing a natural interpretation as a rule-of-a-half measure of benefit under inelastic demand (for the short-run case). Second, a TUB formula for the long-run case is derived, that is, when the total number of trips, trip origins, and trip destinations change. We then propose updated measures of accessibility for location behavior.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: diffuse-reflectance infrared spectroscopy ; microanalysis ; flavonolignans ; flavonoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Diffuse-reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopic (DRIFT) microanalysis (10 μg samples) of a selected series of flavonoids was studied, comparing to transmission FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of the same samples at the mg level. DRIFT was shown to be a useful, sample-saving and reliable IR technique for the structural analysis and compound identification of the mainSilybum genus 3-OH-flavonolignans (silybin, isosilybin, silydianin, silychristin and isosilychristin) and the dihydroflavonol taxifolin.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 80 (1982), S. 14-24 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The core of the El Tormes thermal dome, situated in the central part of one of the main metamorphic belts of the Iberian Peninsula, is formed by garnet-cordierite-biotite-sillimanite pelitic gneisses. These rocks, that very often are cut by minor intrusions of Al-rich S-type granites, are metatexitic gneisses in which there exists garnet showing different stages of resorption and transformation into an aggregate of cordierite±plagioclase±biotite. The garnet, mantled and corroded mainly by cordierite, has never been found to occur in contact with the prismatic sillimanite of the matrix, thus indicating that the continuous reaction Gr+Sill+Q = Cd has taken place. The presence of corroded biotite inside the garnet-rimming cordierite of the aggregates as well as inside the cordierite of the matrix, which usually includes remmants of sillimanite, indicates that the continuous reaction Bi+Sill+Q = Cd+FK+H2O has occurred too. Therefore, a realistic net reaction for these aggretates should be represented by the univariant, at a given $$X_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}} $$ , equilibrium: Biotite+Sillimanite+Garnet+Quartz = Cordierite+K-feldspar+H2O (1) The important garnet resorption near the anatectic granitic veins implies that this process is favoured by a decrease in $$X_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}} $$ , this factor being otherwise buffered by the reaction (1) assemblage. The most probable P-T path, assuming these conditions, consistent with the AFM projection of the former (inferred) and present assemblages in the aggregates and in the matrix, implies a decrease in P coeval with a decrease in T (Fig. 4, path 2). The most reliable P-T determination for the final stage of garnet breakdown through reaction (1), based on the coexistence of the seven phase assemblage garnet — cordierite — biotite — sillimanite — plagioclase — potash feldspar — quartz plus melt, gives 695° C, 4.3 kbar, $$X_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}} $$ = 0.5, The maximum pressure for this process, obtained from the garnet — plagioclase equilibrium, is 6.5±1 kbar at the same temperature. The estimates of the T for the garnet core-garnet included biotite pairs are consistently lower, ca. 550° C, than those obtained for the garnet rim-biotite in aggregates, ca. 645° C, or garnet rim-adjacent cordierite pairs, ca. 695° C. It may, therefore, be supposed that, during their evolution these rocks underwent first an increase in T and then, during the last stages, as garnet and biotite brokedown, a decrease in P and T. This represents an uplift of the core of El Tormes dome under high grade amphibolite to low pressure granulite facies conditions, accompanied by a process of partial melting with local decrase in $$X_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}} $$ . It is suggested, from mineral growth-deformation relationships, that this process took place during the late hercynian deformation phases, P-3 or doming stage.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 6 (1982), S. 535-539 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The solution polymerization of phosphonitrilic chloride trimer has been studied by using 50% by weight monomer in Chlorobenzene. Polymerization reactions were conducted at temperatures between 198° and 240°C, and reaction times ranged from 12 to 96 h. Mostly soluble polymer was obtained up to a conversion of 30%. insoluble product was detected only above 240°C and 72 h. of reaction time. Polymers were characterised by intrinsic viscosity and weight average molecular weight, Mw, by light scattering (Zimm plot).
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 66 (1977), S. 91-98 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In this paper the general characteristics of the Hercynian metamorphism in an area situated in the Central-Western part of the Iberian Peninsula are given. This zone is characterised by the presence of a Precambrian series and an Ordovician one affected by three main phases of Hercynian deformation, and by the presence of two different granitic series. Four different metamorphic zones have been established and they are characterised by the appearance of the following index minerals: chlorite, biotite, andalusitecordierite and sillimanite-K feldspar. In each zone the present parageneses are studied according theThompson andBarker methods and a main suite of subfacies belonging to a low pressure metamorphism of Abukuma type is defined. The isograds, though locally have the NW-SE hercynian direction, draw as a whole a transversally elonged dome. These unexpected attitude of the isograds could be originated by the deep socle characteristics.
    Abstract: Résumé Dans ce travail sont présentees les caractéristiques du métamorphisme régional hercynien dans une zone située dans la partie Centre-Occidentale de la Peninsule Iberique. Cette zone est caractérisee par la présence de materiaux proterozoïques et de un Ordovicien discordant afectés par trois phases principales de deformation hercyniennes et par l'existence de deux séries granitiques différentes. Quatre zones métamorphiques caractérisees par l'apparition des mineraux indices suivants y ont été définies: chlorite, biotite, andalousite-cordierite et sillimanite-K feldspath. Dans chaque zone les différentes paragéneses existantes on été analysées par la méthode deThompson etBarker. Cela a permis de définir une suite principale de subfacies qui correspondent a un métamorphisme a basse pression type Abukuma. Les isogrades, bien que coïncidant localement avec la direction hercynienne NW-SE, dessinent dans leur ensemble un dôme allongé transversalement. Cette disposition paradoxale pourrait être due a la nature profonde du socle.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die hercynische Metamorphose in einem Gebiet des zentralen Westteiles der Iberischen Halbinsel wird dargestellt. Diese Zone ist charakterisiert durch das Vorhandensein einer präkambrischen sowie einer ordovizischen Serie, die durch drei Hauptphasen hercynischer Deformation geprägt wurden, und zwei verschiedener granitischer Serien. Vier verschiedene metamorphe Zonen werden unterschieden, die durch das Vorkommen der folgenden Index-Minerale gekennzeichnet sind: Chlorit, Biotit, Andalusit-Cordierit und Sillimanit-Kali-Feldspat. In jeder Zone werden die vorhandenen Paragenesen nach der Thompson- und der Barker-Methode untersucht, und eine Subfazies-Abfolge, die zu einer Niederdruckmetamorphose des Abukama-Typs gehört, wird beschrieben. Die Isograden bilden, obwohl sie stellenweise mit der hercynischen NW-SE-Richtung zusammenfallen, insgesamt eine längliche Queraufwölbung. Diese ungewöhnliche Erscheinung könnte auf die große Tiefe des Grundgebirges zurückzuführen sein.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: X-ray diffraction ; xanthenedione ; heterocyclic fused rings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several 9-(2-R phenyl)xanthenediones have been synthesized and the x-ray diffraction structure for the 2-methylphenyl derivative (4b) has been determined. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a = 11.729 (3), b = 9.674 (3), c = 14.628 (4) Å, and β = 106.30°. It presents a partially hydrogenated xanthene system in distorted boat conformation for the heterocyclic central ring, and an almost ideal envelope conformation for the outer rings. The aromatic substituent at the ninth position is at 84° in angle with the xanthene system.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 167 (1959), S. 261-264 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird der Gebrauch, von Murexid als Indicator für die ma\analytische Makro- und Mikrobestimmung des Kupfers mit einer Ma\lösung von 1,2-DiaminocyclohexantetraessigsÄure (DCyTE) vorgeschlagen.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 174 (1960), S. 411-413 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zum Nachweis von Kupfer(II) schlagen die Verfasser den Gebrauch von Na2-DCyTE (Dinatriumsalz der 1,2-Diaminocyclohexantetraessigsäure) als Reagens vor. Die Reaktion verläuft unter Bildung des leuchtend blau gefärbten Komplexes [Cu-DCyTE]2−. Die Empfindlichkeit der Reaktion wurde zu P D =5,6 bestimmt. Die Empfindlichkeit ist konstant im pH-Intervall 4,5–12; farblose Kationen stören nicht. Die Reaktion kann zum Kupfernachweis im Laufe des üblichen Analysenganges dienen. Vorteile der Reaktion sind neben der hohen Empfindlichkeit die einfache Durchführung und die Haltbarkeit des Reagenses.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1279-1285 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of β-pinene with styrene oxide (SO) and β-pinene with N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) was investigated by using SnCl4 in dichloromethane diluent at low temperature. Monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated for both copolymers at -80°C; these are r1(SO) = 2.979 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.002 and r1(VP) = 0.096 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.294.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 673-677 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-Pinene was polymerized with cationic initiators in reactions that were carried out to study the solvent, temperature, initiator, and monomer-to-solvent ratio. Polymers obtained under different conditions were characterized by intrinsic viscosity, softening point, and gel permeation chromatography.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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