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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 707 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
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    Unknown
    Washington, D.C., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Asian Affairs. 2:3 (1967:Feb.) 3 
    ISSN: 0092-7678
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 6 (1978), S. 177-184 
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words High molecular weight ; PVAc ; high conversion ; PVA ; VAc ; low temperature ; ADMVN ; suspension polymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  To obtain high molecular weight (HMW) poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) with high conversion and high linearity for a precursor of HMW poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), vinyl acetate (VAc) was suspension-poly-merized using a low-temperature initiator, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile) (ADMVN), and the effects of polymerization conditions on the polymerization behavior and molecular structures of PVAc and PVA prepared by saponifying PVAc were investigated. On the whole, the experimental results well corres-ponded to the theoretically predicted tendencies. Suspension polymerization was slightly inferior to bulk polymerization in increasing molecular weight of PVA. In contrast, the former was absolutely superior to the latter in increasing conversion of the polymer, which indicated that the suspension polymerization rate of VAc was faster than the bulk one. These effects could be explained by a kinetic order of ADMVN concentration calculated by initial-rate method and an activation energy difference of polymerization obtained from the Arrhenius plot. Suspension polymerization at 30 °C by adopting ADMVN proved to be successful in obtaining PVA of HMW (number-average degree of polymerization (P n)): (4200–5800) and of high yield (ultimate conversion of VAc into PVAc: 85–95%) with diminishing heat generated during polymerization. In the case of bulk polymerization of VAc at the same conditions, maximum P n and conversion of 5200–6200 and 20–30% was obtained, respectively. The P n, lightness, and syndiotacticity were higher with PVA prepared from PVAc polymerized at lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 233 (1998), S. 281-284 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Rapid, in situ measurements were used for quantitative monitoring of gaseous fission products around the nuclear power stations in Taiwan. A portable high-resolution germanium detector with portable multichannel analyzer was used in the field monitoring work. The detecting unit was calibrated using activated Ar, Kr, and Xe isotopes dispersed in a large chamber to obtain absolute efficiency curve in terms of γ-counts per m3 versus gamma-ray energy. The calibrated detecting unit was brought to the nuclear power plants for in situ monitoring for both normal operation and nuclear accidental exercise. In a typical four-hour measurement, the detection limits for most Kr and Xe fission product isotopes were 0.0028%≈0.98% of the derived air concentration (DAC) imposed by the local authority. The dose rate caused by gaseous radioisotopes released from nuclear power stations and dispersed to the surroundings can be quantitatively monitored in a short period using this portable unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 381 (1996), S. 793-796 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fast application of a hyperosmotic solution to dorsal horn neurons in culture caused a large increase in the probability of transmitter release, as indicated by an enhancement in the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs; Fig. la) and shown previously at several types of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 84 (1997), S. 127-135 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hemiptera ; Heteroptera ; Lygaeidae ; Oncopeltus ; Tropidothorax ; Neacoryphus ; pheromone ; attractant ; aposematic ; Asclepiadaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract (E)-2,7-Octadienyl acetate and (E) -2-octenyl acetate (1:10 by volume) were identified as a pheromone attractive to both sexes of the lygaeid bug, Tropidothorax cruciger. In a parallel investigation of Neacoryphus bicrucis (Lygaeidae), (E, E) -2,4-hexadienyl acetate and phenethyl acetate (≈9:1) were identified from males, and found attractive to both sexes of adults in the field plus a tachinid fly parasitoid of the bugs. In N. bicrucis, the pheromone was clearly shown to come from the tubular accessory glands of the metathoracic scent gland; this evidence, plus earlier literature reports for other species, indicate that male lygaeids are the pheromone emitters. In another lygaeid, Oncopeltus fasciatus, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine was identified in the cardiac glycoside-laden fluid sequestered from milkweed hosts and expelled by these bugs when they are attacked. Alkyl methoxypyrazines are warning odorants associated with poisonous insect secretions, and their presence in O. fasciatus indicates that the plant-derived chemical defense of lygaeines is more elaborate than previously appreciated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 22 (1992), S. 865-871 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Divalent europium ions were produced from trivalent lanthanide solution by using a flow-through porous graphite electrode. The reduction of Eu(III) was investigated by varying the composition of electrolyte, flow rate and applied current in an electrochemical system with recycle. Increasing the ratio of lanthanide to europium content and the flow rate favoured the rate of reduction and improved the efficiency. High current efficiency was obtained by applying high current. Evolution of hydrogen and reoxidation of the reduced europium caused reduction in the current efficiency.A mathematical model was developed to describe the electrochemical system, the values obtained from the model computation compared closely with experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 1891-1900 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coffee fruit ; Coffea arabica ; host ; Mediterranean fruit fly ; Ceratitis capitata ; medfly ; analysis of volatiles ; attractant ; lure ; Diptera ; Tephritidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-eight volatile compounds from freshly crushed, ripe, dark red coffee fruit, Coffea arabica, were identified by dynamic headspace analysis techniques. Identifications were made on the basis of a comparison of Kovats indices and GC-MS spectra for unknowns and authentic samples. Of the compounds identified, 10 were alcohols, nine were aldehydes, five were ketones, and four were monoterpenes. The five most abundant volatiles in decreasing order were hexanal (21%), 2-(E)-hexenal (11%), 3-methyl-1-butanol (9.0%), 3-methyl-1-butanal (8.5%), and 1-hexanol (8.4%). The five least abundant volatiles of the 28 identified, in increasing order, were decanal (0.19%), methyl hexanoate (0.33%), pulegone (0.44%), α-isomenthone (0.45%), and 2-nonanone (0.55%). In preliminary tests, many of the identified volatiles attracted more female Mediterranean fruit flies than the control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 207-213 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ; vaccine ; microencapsulation ; controlled release ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The in vitro stability (temperature, pH, and trypsin) of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen (MHA) with and without enteric-coated microencapsulation were examined. Microencapsulation of MHA with cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) is an effective route to produce enteric-coated vaccine microspheres for oral administration. The effect of temperature on the rate of inactivation of MHA was studied by exposing MHA to various temperatures, such as 25, 37, 50 and 60°C. The MHA microspheres were thermally more stable than that of the unencapsulated MHA. The kinetic parameters were observed to follow an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence. The MHA microspheres were also more stable in acidic regions (pH 1.2-4.0) than that of the free one. The enteric-coated MHA microspheres exhibited an excellent enteric function to prevent acidic degradation. A model similar to the well-known Michaelis-Menten equation was formulated to describe the effect of trypsin on the antigenic degradation of MHA. The equilibrium constant KA and the maximum reaction velocity Vm were obtained from experimental data for both free and microencapsulated MHA. Both KA and Vm values of the microencapsulated MHA were smaller than that of the free one, i.e., the resistance to proteolytic enzyme such as trypsin was enhanced by microencapsulation. The storage stability of enteric-coated MHA microspheres has been satisfactorily prolonged that they could preserve more than 90% of original antigenicity after 30 days, and over 80% of antigenicity of MHA was retained in the microspheres for 95 days when it was stored at 4°C.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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