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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Forced oscillation tests over a large angle-of-attack range for an F-18 model are conducted in the NASA Langley 12-foot low-speed tunnel. The resulting dynamic longitudinal data are analyzed with an unsteady aerodynamic modeling method based on Fourier functional analysis and the indicial formulation. The method is extensively examined and improved to automate the calculation of model coefficients, and to evaluate more accurately the indicial integral. The results indicate that the general model equation obtained from harmonic test data in a range of reduced frequency is capable of accurately modeling the nonlinear responses with large hysteresis effect, except in the region where a delayed flow reattachment occurs at low angles of attack in down strokes. The indicial formulation is used to calculate the response to harmonic motion, harmonic ramp motion, constant-rate pitching motion and smaller-amplitude harmonic motion. The results show that more accurate results can be obtained when the motion starts from a low angle of attack where hysteresis effect is not important.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL
    Type: AIAA PAPER 93-3626 , In: AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, Monterey, CA, Aug. 9-11, 1993, Technical Papers (A93-48301 20-08); p. 97-112.
    Format: text
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A computer code base on an improved vortex filament/vortex core method for predicting aerodynamic characteristics of slender wings with edge vortex separations is developed. The code is applicable to camber wings, straked wings or wings with leading edge vortex flaps at subsonic speeds. The prediction of lifting pressure distribution and the computer time are improved by using a pair of concentrated vortex cores above the wing surface. The main features of this computer program are: (1) arbitrary camber shape may be defined and an option for exactly defining leading edge flap geometry is also provided; (2) the side edge vortex system is incorporated.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-165902 , NAS 1.26:165902
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A formulation predicts the variation of circulation forces and jet reaction forces in ground proximity as a function of ground height. The predicted results agree well with available experimental data. It is shown that the wing-alone theory is not capable of predicting the ground effect for USB configurations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-159005 , CRINC/FRL-281-3
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An improved version of Woodward's chord plane aerodynamic panel method for subsonic and supersonic flow is developed for cambered wings exhibiting edge separated vortex flow, including those with leading edge vortex flaps. The exact relation between leading edge thrust and suction force in potential flow is derived. Instead of assuming the rotated suction force to be normal to wing surface at the leading edge, new orientation for the rotated suction force is determined through consideration of the momentum principle. The supersonic suction analogy method is improved by using an effective angle of attack defined through a semi-empirical method. Comparisons of predicted results with available data in subsonic and supersonic flow are presented.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3449 , CRINC/FRL-426-1
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The necessary information for using a computer program to predict distributed and total aerodynamic characteristics for low aspect ratio wings with partial leading-edge separation is presented. The flow is assumed to be steady and inviscid. The wing boundary condition is formulated by the Quasi-Vortex-Lattice method. The leading edge separated vortices are represented by discrete free vortex elements which are aligned with the local velocity vector at midpoints to satisfy the force free condition. The wake behind the trailing edge is also force free. The flow tangency boundary condition is satisfied on the wing, including the leading and trailing edges. The program is restricted to delta wings with zero thickness and no camber. It is written in FORTRAN language and runs on CDC 6600 computer.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-145362 , CRINC-FRL-266-2
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Woodward's panel method for subsonic and supersonic flow was improved by employing control points determined by exactly matching two-dimensional pressure at a finite number of points. The results show great improvement in the predicted pressure distribution of a flapped airfoil. With the paneling scheme of cosine law in both chordwise and spanwise directions, the method is shown to accurately predict leading edge and side edge suction forces of various configurations in subsonic and supersonic flow.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-3205 , CRINC-FRL-266-3
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  • 17
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Computer program VORCAM calculates vortex-lift effect of cambered wings by suction analogy. Based on improved version of Woodward's chord plane aerodynamic panel method for subsonic and superrsonic flow. Developed specifically for cambered wings exhibitig edge-separated vortex flow, including those with leading-edge vortex flaps. Program written in FORTRAN IV.
    Keywords: MECHANICS
    Type: LAR-12985 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 7; 3; P. 318
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The nonplanar quasi-vortex-lattice method is applied to the calculation of lateral-directional stability derivatives of wings with and without vortex-lift effect. Results for conventional configurations and those with winglets, V-tail, etc. are compared with available data. All rolling moment derivatives are found to be accurately predicted. The prediction of side force and yawing moment derivatives for some configurations is not as accurate. Causes of the discrepancy are discussed. A user's manual for the program and the program listing are also included.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-165659 , NAS 1.26:165659 , REPT-80-001
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A user's guide to an improved version of Woodward's chord plane aerodynamic panel computer code is presumed. The guide can be applied to cambered wings exhibiting edge separated flow, including those with leading edge vortex flow at subsonic and supersonic speeds. New orientations for the rotated suction force are employed based on the momentum principal. The supersonic suction analogy method is improved by using an effective angle of attack defined through a semiempirical method.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-CR-165800 , NAS 1.26:165800 , CRINC-FRL-426-2
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  • 20
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Wing rock is one type of lateral-directional instabilities at high angles of attack. To predict wing rock characteristics and to design airplanes to avoid wing rock, parameters affecting wing rock characteristics must be known. A new nonlinear aerodynamic model is developed to investigate the main aerodynamic nonlinearities causing wing rock. In the present theory, the Beecham-Titchener asymptotic method is used to derive expressions for the limit-cycle amplitude and frequency of wing rock from nonlinear flight dynamics equations. The resulting expressions are capable of explaining the existence of wing rock for all types of aircraft. Wing rock is developed by negative or weakly positive roll damping, and sustained by nonlinear aerodynamic roll damping. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental results is obtained.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL
    Type: AIAA PAPER 85-0199
    Format: text
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