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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Highlights: • We summarized 20 ecosystem services provided by coastal Baltic ecosystems. • Information on how services translate into socio-economic benefits is lacking. • The deep knowledge gap impairs the sustainable management of the benefits. • We propose a framework with four key measures to close this knowledge gap. • Toxins and Nutrients are the most well-document pressures to these services. Abstract: Seagrass meadows, algal forests and mussel beds are widely regarded as foundation species that support communities providing valuable ecosystem services in many coastal regions; however, quantitative evidence of the relationship is scarce. Using the Baltic Sea as a case study, a region of significant socio-economic importance in the northern hemisphere, we systematically synthesized the primary literature and summarized the current knowledge on ecosystem services derived from seagrass, macroalgae, and mussels (see animated video summary of the manuscript: Video abstract). We found 1740 individual ecosystem service records (ESR), 61% of which were related to macroalgae, 26% to mussel beds and 13% to seagrass meadows. The most frequently reported ecosystem services were raw material (533 ESR), habitat provision (262 ESR) and regulation of pollutants (215 ESR). Toxins (356 ESR) and nutrients (302 ESR) were the most well-documented pressures to services provided by coastal ecosystems. Next, we assessed the current state of knowledge as well as knowledge transfer of ecosystem services to policies through natural, social, human and economic dimensions, using a systematic scoring tool, the Eco-GAME matrix. We found good quantitative information about how ecosystems generated the service but almost no knowledge of how they translate into socio-economic benefits (8 out of 657 papers, 1.2%). While we are aware that research on Baltic Sea socio-economic benefits does exist, the link with ecosystems providing the service is mostly missing. To close this knowledge gap, we need a better analytical framework that is capable of directly linking existing quantitative information about ecosystem service generation with human benefit.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Biological invasions via translocations are a textbook case of globalization’s impact on species distributions. Human-mediated transport helps species to overcome natural spatial boundaries and establish populations, often from a small number of individuals, in ecosystems previously unreachable through natural range expansion. The result is a discontinuous species distribution, with connectivity between the native and non-native range dependent on the recurrence of human-mediated species movement. The genetic diversity of introduced individuals represents a random fraction of the original diversity in the native range, but because connectivity is lost, non-native populations are bound to evolve independently. As a result, translocations can reshuffle genetic diversity in non-native populations, and thus, differentiation patterns arising after introduction may constitute the first step of novel evolutionary trajectories. By performing a meta-analysis on 5516 mitochondrial sequences of 20 different species, we explored whether life- and evolutionary history could explain differentiation among non-native populations of recently translocated organisms. We observed a general pattern consisting of reduced differentiation among non-native populations whose introduction derived from a single and intentional translocation, suggesting that these human actions play a role in reshaping genetic variance in non-native ranges. Additionally, we found geographic distance to be a poor predictor of population differentiation on the non-native range when compared to averaged evolutionary distances—the opposite being true for the native range—reinforcing connectivity break imposed by translocation events. Understanding the factors driving the distribution of genetic diversity upon translocations might not only facilitate the development of plans to mitigate the dispersal of invasive species but also to explore the emergence of novel evolutionary trajectories.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 13
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Heckwolf, Melanie; Meyer, Britta S; Häsler, Robert; Höppner, Marc P; Eizaguirre, Christophe; Reusch, Thorsten B H (2020): Two different epigenetic information channels in wild three-spined sticklebacks are involved in salinity adaptation. Science Advances, 6(12), eaaz1138, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1138
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: While environmentally inducible epigenetic marks are discussed as one mechanism of transgenerational plasticity, environmentally stable epigenetic marks emerge randomly. When resulting in variable phenotypes, stable marks can be targets of natural selection analogous to DNA sequence-based adaptation processes. We studied both postulated pathways in natural populations of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and sequenced their methylomes and genomes across a salinity cline. Consistent with local adaptation, populations showed differential methylation (pop-DMS) at genes enriched for osmoregulatory processes. In a two-generation experiment, 62% of these pop-DMS were insensitive to salinity manipulation, suggesting that they could be stable targets for natural selection. Two-thirds of the remaining inducible pop-DMS became more similar to patterns detected in wild populations from the corresponding salinity, and this pattern accentuated over consecutive generations, indicating a mechanism of adaptive transgenerational plasticity. Natural DNA methylation patterns can thus be attributed to two epigenetic pathways underlying the rapid emergence of adaptive phenotypes in the face of environmental change.
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; Local adaptation; population genomics; three-spined stickleback; Whole genome sequencing
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Gasterosteus aculeatus eggs; Identification; Origin; Proportion of survival; Species; Time point, descriptive; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6240 data points
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: To improve the methylation estimates in our study, we corrected for SNPs, which could have led to a wrong methylation call. The excluded positions were derived with custom written perl scripts from C-to-T and G-to-A-SNPs with genotype quality of 20 and a minimum allele frequency of 0.005 from the 96 wild caught three-spined sticklebacks with a combination of custom written Perl and R-scripts using packages from methylkit and GenomicRanges. This BED-file contains the G-to-A-SNPs, in which the first field is the name of the chromosome; the second describes the start position and the third the end position of the feature in standard chromosomal coordinates.
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; BED; Local adaptation; methylation call; population genomics; SNP; three-spined stickleback; Whole genome sequencing
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5.8 MBytes
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: To improve the methylation estimates in our study, we corrected for SNPs, which could have led to a wrong methylation call. The excluded positions were derived with custom written perl scripts from C-to-T and G-to-A-SNPs with genotype quality of 20 and a minimum allele frequency of 0.005 from the 96 wild caught three-spined sticklebacks with a combination of custom written Perl and R-scripts using packages from methylkit and GenomicRanges. This BED-file contains the C-to-T SNPs, in which the first field is the name of the chromosome; the second describes the start position and the third the end position of the feature in standard chromosomal coordinates.
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; BED; Local adaptation; methylation call; population genomics; SNP; three-spined stickleback; Whole genome sequencing
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5.8 MBytes
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: This vcf file is generated from genomic data of three-spined sticklebacks from Kiel (KIE), Germany and Nynäshamn (NYN), Sweden. The individuals from Kiel are S3, S4, S19, S20, S33, S34, S47, S48, S49, S50, S63, S64, S77, S78, S89, S90. The individuals from NYN are S5, S6, S21, S22, S35, S36, S37, S38, S51, S52, S65, S66, S79, S80, S85, S86. It contains high quality biallelic positions (GQ=20) and is filtered for minor allele frequencies of maf = 0.05, allows 40 % of missing data (13 individuals) and a read depth of 〉=5. Further this vcf file is subset to the inducible differentially methylated sites (DMS) (198sites) in decreasing PSU (_6PSU) with 5 kilobases (kb) before and after DMS. With this file further calculations were performed to estimate the genetic differentiation (i.e. Fst) between the different populations (see manuscript indicated below).
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; Local adaptation; population genomics; three-spined stickleback; VCF; Whole genome sequencing
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 1.6 MBytes
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: This vcf file is generated from genomic data of three-spined sticklebacks from Kiel (KIE) and Sylt (SYL), Germany. The individuals from Kiel are S3, S4, S19, S20, S33, S34, S47, S48, S49, S50, S63, S64, S77, S78, S89, S90. The individuals from SYL are S9, S10, S17, S18, S31, S32, S45, S46, S59, S60, S61, S62, S73, S74, S87, S88. It contains high quality biallelic positions (GQ=20) and is filtered for minor allele frequencies of maf = 0.05, allows 40 % of missing data (13 individuals) and a read depth of 〉=5. Further this vcf file is subset to the inducible differentially methylated sites (DMS) (148sites) in increasing PSU (_33PSU) with 5 kilobases (kb) before and after DMS. With this file further calculations were performed to estimate the genetic differentiation (i.e. Fst) between the different populations (see manuscript indicated below).
    Keywords: Baltic Sea; Local adaptation; population genomics; three-spined stickleback; VCF; Whole genome sequencing
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 1.2 MBytes
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Family; Fish larvae, length; Identification; Origin; Ratio; Sample ID; Species; Treatment; Yolk sac area
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 21816 data points
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  • 20
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Heckwolf, Melanie; Meyer, Britta S; Döring, Talisa; Eizaguirre, Christophe; Reusch, Thorsten B H (2018): Transgenerational plasticity and selection shape the adaptive potential of sticklebacks to salinity change. Evolutionary Applications, 11(10), 1873-1885, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12688
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: To assess the phenotypic effects of transgenerational salinity change in sticklebacks, offspring were sampled as eggs, freshly hatched larvae, as well as 12, 30 and 90 days post hatch (dph). We measured egg size, yolk-sac size to length ratio of fish larvae from pictures taken under a stereomicroscope. At 12, 30 and 90 days post hatch we measured length and weight of the larvae. Additionally, dissections were performed at 30 and 90 dph to assess the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of juveniles. Mortality was monitored throughout the experiment to account for possible non-random mortality.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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