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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure, hormonal regulation, and chromosomal location of genes encoding barley (1å4)-β-xylan endohydrolases (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 253 (1997), S. 599-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Aleurone layer  ;  Gene mapping  ; Gibberellic acid  ;  Plant xylanases  ;   Tissue-specific regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A gene encoding (1→4)-β-xylan xylanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.8) isoenzyme X-I has been isolated from a barley genomic library and the nucleotide sequence of a 2704-bp fragment defined. The gene contains a single intron of 91 bp in the coding region of the mature enzyme and additional introns may be present in the 5′-untranslated region. Expression of the xylanase gene is restricted to the aleurone layer of germinated grain, where the phytohormone gibberellic acid induces both transcriptional activity of the gene and the secretion of active enzyme from the layers. Abscisic acid abolishes the gibberellic acid induction of xylanase gene expression. The hormonal responses are consistent with the presence of promoter sequences, all of which are within 150 bp of the putative transcription start site, that have been implicated as cis-acting elements within gibberellic acid response complexes in plant genes. The elements include a pyrimidine box, CTCTTTCC, together with TAACGAC and TATCCAT boxes. Three genes encode (1→4)-β-xylanase isoenzymes in barley and these have been mapped on the barley genome using two doubled haploid populations and seven wheat-barley addition lines. The three xylanase genes are closely linked on the long arm of chromosome 7 (5H). No recombination was detected between the genes in 234 doubled haploid lines. The genes are flanked by the RFLP markers CDO506 on the proximal side and PSR370 at the distal end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050362
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression sites and developmental regulation of genes encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanases in germinated barley (1988)
    Springer
    Planta 173 (1988), S. 500-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aleurone ; (1→3,1→4)-β-Glucanase ; Hordeum (gene regulation) ; Hybridization histochemistry ; Scutellum ; Seed germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Expression sites of genes encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.73) have been mapped in germinated barley grains (Hordeum vulgare L.) by hybridization histochemistry. A32P-labelled cDNA (copy DNA) probe was hybridized to cryosections of intact barley grains to localize complementary mRNAs. No mRNA encoding (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase is detected in ungerminated grain. Expression of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase genes is first detected in the scutellum after 1 d and is confined to the epithelial layer. At this stage, no expression is apparent in the aleurone. After 2 d, levels of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase mRNA decrease in the scutellar epithelium but increase in the aleurone. In the aleurone layer, induction of (1→3,1→4)-β-glucanase gene expression, as measured by mRNA accumulation, progresses from the proximal to distal end of the grain as a front moving away from, and parallel to, the face of the scutellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00958963
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seven members of the (1→3)-β-glucanase gene family in barley (Hordeum vulgare) are clustered on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3HL) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 791-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley DNA ; (1→3)-β-Glucanase ; Linkage map ; Pathogenesis-related proteins ; Gene family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Members of the (1→3)-β-glucan glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.39) gene family have been mapped on the barley genome using three doubled haploid populations and seven wheat-barley addition lines. Specific probes or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were generated for the seven barley (1→3)-β-glucanase genes for which cDNA or genomic clones are currently available. The seven genes are all located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3HL), and genes encoding isoenzymes GI, GII, GIII, GIV, GV and GVII (ABG2) are clustered in a region less than 20 cM in length. The region is flanked by the RFLP marker MWG2099 on the proximal side and the Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus (BYMV) resistance gene ym4 at the distal end. The gene encoding isoenzyme GVI lies approximately 50 cM outside this cluster, towards the centromere. With the exception of the gene encoding isoenzyme GIV, all of the (1→3)-β-glucanase genes are represented by single copies on the barley genome. The probe for the isoenzyme GIV gene hybridized with four DNA bands during Southern blot analysis, only one of which could be incorporated into the consensus linkage map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221889
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seven members of the (1→3)-β-glucanase gene family in barley (Hordeum vulgare) are clustered on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3HL) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 791-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words  Barley DNA ; (1→3)-β-Glucanase ; Linkage map ; Pathogenesis-related proteins ; Gene family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Members of the (1→3)-β-glucan glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.39) gene family have been mapped on the barley genome using three doubled haploid populations and seven wheat-barley addition lines. Specific probes or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were generated for the seven barley (1→3)-β-glucanase genes for which cDNA or genomic clones are currently available. The seven genes are all located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3HL), and genes encoding isoenzymes GI, GII, GIII, GIV, GV and GVII (ABG2) are clustered in a region less than 20 cM in length. The region is flanked by the RFLP marker MWG2099 on the proximal side and the Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus (BYMV) resistance gene ym4 at the distal end. The gene encoding isoenzyme GVI lies approximately 50 cM outside this cluster, towards the centromere. With the exception of the gene encoding isoenzyme GIV, all of the (1→3)-β-glucanase genes are represented by single copies on the barley genome. The probe for the isoenzyme GIV gene hybridized with four DNA bands during Southern blot analysis, only one of which could be incorporated into the consensus linkage map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050194
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