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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Caddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) Used for Evaluating Water Quality of Large European Rivers (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 36 (1999), S. 186-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In many European rivers, biodiversity has declined dramatically, and especially riverine insects have disappeared during the past decades. It remains unclear whether poor water quality or deteriorated habitats are limiting the distribution of sensitive aquatic insects in these rivers. The aim of this study, therefore, was to find out if water quality alone is limiting the distribution of these insects in rivers that have suffered from anthropogenic disturbances. To this purpose, caddisflies of the genus Hydropsyche, which are representative riverine insect species, were incubated in two large European rivers, the Rhine and the Meuse. Survival of caddisflies in the River Rhine was fairly high, while there was almost no survival in the River Meuse in three out of five field experiments. The incubations of Hydropsyche in the River Meuse provide evidence that even adequate structural habitat would be insufficient for the reestablishment of Hydropsyche species. The factors limiting the distribution of Hydropsyche species change with the changing constitution of the water; there is not one (group of) compound(s) responsible for the poor water quality. Besides chemical factors, physical factors (like oxygen and current velocity) may be limiting in the River Meuse for Hydropsyche species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900459
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-induced fluorescence used in localizing atherosclerotic lesions (1989)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 4 (1989), S. 171-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Autofluorescence ; Laser-induced fluorescence ; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; Atherosclerosis ; Tissue diagnostics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated laser-induced fluorescence frompost mortem human arteries in order to find spectroscopic properties allowing discrimination between normal and atherosclerotic vessel wall. A pulsed nitrogen laser emitting light at a wavelength of 337.1 nm was used as an excitation source. The fluorescence spectrum from 370 to 700 nm was captured and analysed by an optical multichannel analyser. Dimensionless contrast functions were formed by using characteristic spectral features at 390, 415, 480, 580 and 600 nm. All samples were investigated in scans across a region where normal as well as diseased vessel wall appeared. The types of plaque were histopathologically divided into four groups, of which three could be singled out using one or more of our spectroscopic criteria. We also investigated the different layers of the normal and diseased vessel wall in order to determine the various contributions to the fluorescence signal. Furthermore, plasma emission spectra were recorded while ablating the normal as well as the diseased vessel wall with an excimer laser, emitting radiation at 308 nm, thus detecting the change in spectral characteristics during the ablation process down into deeper layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032432
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical recording of laser-induced fluorescence spectra for evaluation of tumour demarcation feasibility in selected clinical specialities (1991)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 6 (1991), S. 415-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Autofluorescence ; Fluorescence ; Laser spectroscopy ; Tumour detection ; Tumour diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Laser-induced autofluorescence spectra from humans were recorded in vivo at three different clinics in a study aimed at investigating the capability of this method to discriminate between malignant tumours and normal surrounding tissues. For the recordings a mobile trolley with the necessary equipment was constructed for use in an examination room or in an operating theatre environment. Laser light was guided through a 600μm optical fibre to the target tissue. The fluorescence from the excited tissue was collected with the same fibre and was fed to an optical multichannel analyser. Two excitation wavelengths were used (337 and 405 nm) in order to optimize the fluorescence signals in two interesting wavelength regions (380–500 and 550–700 nm). Oral and oropharyngeal tumours excited with 405 nm light contained detectable endogenous porphyrins and were in this way discriminated from the normal mucosa. Astrocytoma grade III–IV fluorescence different from that of normal brain tissue, while tumours in the bronchial tree were not detectable using the spectral shape of the pure tissue autofluorescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02042464
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Local Hepatic Blood Perfusion During Interstitial Laser-Induced Thermotherapy of Normal Rat Liver Measured by Interstitial Laser Doppler Flowmetry (1999)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 14 (1999), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Keywords: Interstitial laser therapy; Liver; Perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract. Interstitial laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure the effect of interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy on local blood perfusion in normal rat liver in the peripheral treatment region elevated to hyperthermic temperatures. The Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 nm was utilised as heat generation source. The plane-cut tip of an optical fibre was placed in the middle of the exteriorised left liver lobe. Blood perfusion and temperature were measured in the liver parenchyma 4 mm from the laser fibre. The temperature at the location of the liver temperature sensor was maintained at 41 or 44°C during 30 min by regulating the power of the heating laser. The laser Doppler signal was recorded during and after heat treatment, for a total time of 60 min. At 41°C, a significant increase in perfusion up to 1.3 times the initial value was observed 2–16 min after start of treatment. At 44°C, perfusion decreased continuously during and after treatment, and was significantly different from control 40 min after start of treatment. The results may be valuable in assessing the thermal response of tissues surrounding the target in interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy of liver tumours during conditions of normal blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101030050036
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon hydrogenolysis on nickel-tin catalysts (1988)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 36 (1988), S. 485-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Изучен гидрогенолиз зтана, н-гексана и циклогексана на никель-кремнеземных катализаторах, модифицированных неорганическими и органическими соединениями олова. Добчвки олова приводят к образованию интерметаллида на поверхности и соответственно понижают реакционную способность катализатора в отношении разры.ва C−C связи.
    Notes: Abstract Hydrogenolysis of ethane, n-hexane and cyclohexane has been studied on nickel-kieselguhr catalysts modified by organic and inorganic compounds of tin. Tin additives decrease nickel reactivity with respect to C−C dissociation, which is ascribed to the formation of surface intermetallides on the catalyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02063852
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of reduction mechanism of rhenium in Re/Al2O3 catalysts (1991)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 44 (1991), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Рений в Re/Al2O3 находится в виде монослоя и в виде частиц, встроенных в решетку. Последний восстанавливается по двухступенчатому механизму, включая Re(IV).
    Notes: Abstract In Re/Al2O3 there exist a monolayer type of Re and a second one which is inserted in the alumina lattice. The latter is reduced by a two-step mechanism including Re(IV) species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02068414
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Festkörperreaktionen in Katalysatoren und Katalysatorkomponenten. XV. Zum Reduktionsverhalten von Sulfat-lonen in γ-Al2O3 (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 560 (1988), S. 158-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Solid State Reactions in Catalysts and Components of Catalysts. XV. On the Reduction Behaviour of Sulfate Ions in γ-Al2O3Different sulphuric acid modified alumina samples were used as model systems for sulfided and regenerated Al2O3 carrier catalysts. From investigations of temperature programmed reduction can be concluded that sulphur is reduced by hydrogen to sulfide state at temperatures between 500 and 750°C. The greater part will desorbed as H2S but a smaller one remains adsorbed on the alumina surface.
    Notes: Als Modellsysteme für sulfidierte und oxydativ regenerierte Al2O3-Trägerkatalysatoren wurde Aluminiumoxid auf unterschiedliche Weise mit Schwefelsäure modifiziert. Aus den Untersuchungen zur temperaturprogrammierten Reduktion geht hervor, daß der Schwefel bei Temperaturen zwischen 500 und 750°C durch Wasserstoff bis zum Sulfid reduziert und zum größten Teil als H2S desorbiert wird, in geringem Ausmaß aber auch an der Al2O3-Oberfläche adsorbiert verbleibt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19885600119
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feststoffreaktionen in Katalysatoren und Katalysatorkomponenten. I. Feststoffreaktionen in Katalysatoren zur autothermen Methankonvertierung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 405 (1974), S. 211-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Solid Reactions in Catalysts and Catalyst Components. I. Solid Reactions in Catalysts for Autothermic Conversion of MethaneSolid reactions in the systems kaolin-NiO, kaolin-α-Al2O3NiO, and kaolin-MgO-NiO are described and investigated by means of X-ray measurements. Data on the reducibility of NiAl2O4 and on the dispersity of nickel on the supports are given. For further characterization of the samples electron-microscopic investigations have also been applied.
    Notes: Es werden die in den Systemen Kaolin-NiO,Kaolin-α-Al2O3-NiO und Kaolin-MgO-NiO ablaufenden Feststoffreaktionen beschrieben. Die Analyse der Reaktionsprodukte erfolgte mittels Röntgenuntersuchungen. Zur Reduzierbarkeit von NiAl2O4 sowie zum Dispersitätsverhalten von Nickel auf Katalysatorträgern werden Angaben gemacht. Elektronenoptische Untersuchungen dienten zur weiteren Charakterisierung der Proben.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744050212
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an Metallkatalysatoren. IVorbericht: Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 403, 353 (1974). Strukturelle und katalytische Untersuchungen an pulverförmigen Palladium-Silber-LegierungenProfessor Günther Rienäcker zum 70. Geburtstage am 13. Mai 1974 gewidmet (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 405 (1974), S. 239-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Metal Catalysts. I. Structural and Catalytical Investigations on Palladium-Silver PowdersSeveral conditions for preparation of palladium-silver powders are described. By choice of suitable preparation metal crystallites were obtained, in which exists a gradient of concentration with respect to the metals. This gradient determines the behaviour of sorption and catalytical activity, respectively.Characterization of catalysts with regard to their structure takes place by means of X-ray measurements and investigations of sorption (adsorption of N2, chemisorption of CO, sorption of H2), respectively. The catalytical activity of alloys has been measured by means of hydrogenation of benzene.
    Notes: Es werden verschiedene Präparationsbedingungen pulverförmiger Pd-Ag-Katalysatoren beschrieben. Durch Wahl geeigneter Herstellungsverfahren läßt sich in den Metallkristalliten ein Konzentrationsgradient erzeugen, der das Sorptionsverhalten der Legierungen sowie ihre katalytische Aktivität bestimmt.Die Charakterisierung der Proben erfolgte durch Röntgenuntersuchungen sowie Sorptionsmessungen (N2-Adsorption, CO-Chemisorption, Wasserstoffsorption); das katalytische Verhalten der Legierungen wurde mittels der Benzolhydrierung ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744050304
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an Metallkatalysatoren. IIVorbericht: Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 403, 353 (1974).. Sorptionsverhalten und Hydrieraktivität pulverförmiger Palladium-Rhodium-Legierungen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 406 (1974), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Metal Catalysts. II. Behaviour in Sorption and Activity of Hydrogenation of Powders of Palladium-Rhodium AlloysExperiments for preparing Pd—Rh alloys by reduction in aqueous solutions and characterization of catalysts by X-ray measurements are described. Behaviour in sorption (adsorption of nitrogen, chemisorption of carbon monoxide, sorption of hydrogen) and catalytical activity of the alloys in hydrogenation of benzene are determined by existence of the two phase region and X-ray amorphous rhodium, respectively.
    Notes: Es wird über die Herstellung von Palladium-Rhodium-Legierungen durch Reduktion aus wäßrigen Lösungen sowie ihre röntgenorgraphische Charakterisierung berichtet. Das Sorptionsverhalten (N2-Adsorption, CO-Chemisorption, Wasserstoffsorption) sowie die katalytische Aktivität der Legierungen bei der Benzolhydrierung werden durch das Auftreten eines Zweiphasengebietes sowie das Vorliegen röntgenamorphen Rhodiums bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744060107
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