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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of mirex on the larval development of two crabs (1972)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 1 (1972), S. 165-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The effects of mirex, a chlorinated hydrocarbon used to kill the imported red ant, Solenopsis saevissima richteri, on the complete larval development of two crabs, Rhithropanopeus harrisii and Menippe mercenaria are described. The duration of developmental stages of Rhithropanopeus and the total time of development is generally lengthened with an increase in concentration of mirex from 0.01 to 10.0 ppb. There are highly significant differences between survival of larvae in the control and in each concentration of mirex. In Menippe, there were no pronounced differences in duration of developmental stages with increased concentrations of mirex, but the percentage of extra 6th zoeae was greater as concentrations were increased. There was differential survival of the developmental stages in relation to concentration of mirex, and Menippe larvae were much more sensitive to mirex than Rhithropanopeus larvae, especially in the megalopal stage. Residue analysis revealed that Menippe concentrates mirex more efficiently during development to crab stages than does Rhithropanopeus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187705
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of mirex on the larval development of blue crab (1975)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 4 (1975), S. 113-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The effects of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 ppb mirex on the development of blue crabs,Callinectes sapidus, from hatching to first crab stage are described. None of the concentrations of mirex showed any appreciable effect on the larvae during the first five days. Thereafter 0.01 ppb and 0.1 ppb mirex were found to be sublethal. These concentrations had no effect on the duration of development from hatching to megalopa or from hatching to first crab stage. Concentrations of 1.0 ppb and 10.0 ppb mirex proved to be acute. No one stage of development was particularly sensitive to 0.01 ppb mirex, but in the other three concentrations some stages were more sensitive (statistically) than others. The results of residue analyses are given for larvae reared in four concentrations of mirex at different periods of development. Residues of mirex in developmental stages increased with concentration, but biological magnification was greatest in larvae reared in the lowest concentration of mirex and lowest in larvae reared in the highest concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01794134
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional effects ofArtemia from different locations on larval development of crabs (1970)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 20 (1970), S. 435-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Four crabs,Rhithropanopeus harrisii, Hexapanopeus angustifrons, Libinia emarginata andCallinectes sapidus, were reared from the egg to the first crab stage on freshly hatchedArtemia salina nauplii from two sources: salt pools in California, and the Great Salt Lake in Utah. All larvae showed better survival on California nauplii than on Utah nauplii. The crab larvae fed on California nauplii showed normal development, whereas allR. harrisii megalopa and someH. angustifrons showed a particular set of abnormalities. 2. There is evidence that the difference in normality and survival of developmental stages of the four species of crabs may be due to a difference in the quantity of DDT inArtemia nauplii from California and from Utah. There was approximately three times as much DDT inArtemia nauplii from Utah as in the nauplii from California. The nature of the abnormalities which appeared in larvae fed on Utah nauplii resembled DDT poisoning which has been reported in juvenile and adult crabs.
    Notes: Extrait Quatre espèces de crabes ont été élevées avec desArtemia salina (L.) des étangs salés de Californie et du Great Salt Lake, Utah, pour déterminer s'il existe des différences dans le développement et la survie se rapportant aux deux sources de nourriture. LesRhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould) ont très bien survecu jusqu'au stade mégalope avec les nauplii d'Artemia des deux localités. Ceux qui ont été nourris avec les naupliid'Artemia de Californie se sont normalement développés et 94 à 98 % du nombre total de zoés sont allés jusqu'au premier stade crabe. Ceux qui ont été nourris avec les nauplii d'Artemia d'Utah ont un stade mégalope anormal et aucun d'entre eux n'atteint le premier stade crabe. Les nauplii desArtemia d'Utah ont un effect nuisible à la fois sur les stades zoé et mégalope d'Hexapanopeus angustifrons (Benedict & Rathbun) et aucun n'atteint le premier stade crabe. Soixante neuf pour cent des larves des crabes qui ont été nourries avec les nauplii de Californie ont survécu jusqu'au premier stade crabe. La survie jusqu'au stade mégalope fut très élevée chez les zoés deLibinia emarginata Leach nourries à la fois avec lesArtemia de Californie et d'Utah, mais seulement 5 %, nourries avec lesArtemia d'Utah, ont survécu en comparaison des 63 % des larves qui ont été nourries avec lesArtemia de Californie. Les larves deCallinectes sapidus Rathbun ont montré des différences dans le taux de survie en faveur des nauplii d'Artemia de Californie mais elles ne sont pas importantes. Des explications possibles relatives aux anormalités du développement et aux différences de survie sont discutées en rapport avec ces différences dans les proportions, du DDT a été trouvé dans lesArtemia de Californie et d'Utah.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01609919
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hexavalent chromium on development of crabs, Rhithropanopeus harrisii and Callinectes sapidus (1984)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 21 (1984), S. 199-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Survival of Rhithropanopeus harrisii larvae from hatching to first crab stage occurred in Na2CrO4 concentrations from 1.1 to 29.1 ppm. Estimated LC50 for complete zoeal development was 17.8 ppm Na2CrO4 and it was 13.7 ppm for development to first crab stage. A concentration of 1.1 ppm Na2CrO4 was nontoxic, while Na2CrO4 concentrations of 7.2 and 14.5 ppm were sublethal and concentrations of 29.1 to 58.1 ppm were acutely toxic. Low concentrations of Na2Cr04 caused an increase in swimming speed and high concentrations caused a decline. Survival of Callinectes sapidus larvae occurred in Na2CrO4 concentrations from 1.1 to 4.7 ppm. The LC50 for complete zoeal development was estimated to be 2.9 ppm Na2CrO4 and the LC50 for development to first crab stage was estimated to be 1.0 ppm Na2CrO4 The total Cr in sodium chromate is 32% by weight (Tacey,1981), hence, the total Cr concentrations tested were 32% of the Cr salts given above. Statistical analyses of the data on survival, duration and mortality of larvae are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163624
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of soluble fractions of drilling fluids on development of crabs, Rhithropanopeus harrisii and Callinectes sapidus (1984)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 21 (1984), S. 183-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The mud aqueous fraction (MAF) and suspended particulate phase (SPP) of low-density lignosulfonate type mud with úerrochrome added were nontoxic to larvae during the complete larval development of Rhithropanopeus harrisii. Five percent (5000 ppm, 0.5 % v/v mud in water) MAF and SPP were not toxic to Callinectes sapidus. Survival of C. sapidus larvae decreased as concentrations of MAF and SPP increased from 5 % (5000 ppm, 0.5 v/v mud in water) to 50% (50000 ppm, 5 % v/v mud in water). No larvae reached the 1st crab stage in 100% (100000 ppm, 10% v/v mud in water) MAF and SPP. Statistical analysis of the data on survival, mortality, and behavior are presented. Blue crab larval behavior is affected by exposure to MAF and SPP with the general effect being a decline in swimming speed. A significant reduction was only observed in 100% MAF but was noticed in 5, 25, 50, and 100% SPP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163623
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kepone effects on larval development of mud-crab and blue-crab (1980)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 13 (1980), S. 57-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory experiments wer conducted to determine the effects of Kepone on the larval development of the mud-crab,Rhithropanopeus harrisii, and the commercial blue crab,Callinectes sapidus, from the time of hatching until the 1st crab stage was reached. Differential survival ofR. harrisii from hatching to 1st crab stage occurred in a range of 35 to 125 ppb Kepone, whereas differential survival ofC. sapidus over the same period of development occurred in a range of 0.1 to 1.0 ppb. Statistical analysis indicated that, for every 10 ppb Kepone added, duration from hatching to 1st crab stage ofR. harrisii was increased by 0.391±0.043 days; whereas for each increase of 0.1 ppb, the duration from hatching to 1st crab stage ofC. sapidus is prolonged by 0.38±0.10 days. The 1st and 2nd zoeal stages ofR. harrisii were the most sensitive developmental stages to Kepone, but the 1st zoeal stage ofC. sapidus was not sensitive, statistically, to any concentration of Kepone tested. In zoeal stages II, III and IV, there were significant increases in mortality ofC. sapidus over the previous stage in all media tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262525
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of Axiothella mucosa (Andrews)Aided by a grant from the Duke University Research Council. (1949)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 84 (1949), S. 145-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050840107
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The histology of the digestive tract of Clymenella torquata (Leidy) (1949)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 84 (1949), S. 31-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050840103
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