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  • Other Sources  (48)
  • 11
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    Continuation of measurement of hydrologic soil-cover complex with airborne scatterometers (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Analysis of radar scatterometry data obtained over five flight lines in Texas by NASA C-130 aircraft demonstrated that multivariant radar data can be used to distinguish difference in land use, and hence be an indicator of surface runoff characteristics. The capability of using microwave sensors to detect flood inundation of timbered land was also determined.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E80-10073 , NASA-CR-162644 , FR-3496
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 12
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    Dryland pasture and crop conditions as seen by HCMM (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E80-10157 , NASA-CR-163174 , PR-3712-8
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 13
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    Dryland pasture and crop conditions as seen by HCMM (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Techniques developed from aircraft flights over the Washita watershed in central Oklahoma were applied to HCMM data analysis. Results show that (1) canopy temperatures were accurately measured remotely; (2) pasture surface temperature differences detected relative soil moisture differences; (3) pasture surface temperature differences were related to stress in nearby wheat fields; and (4) no relationship was developed between final yield differences, thermal infrared data, and soil moisture stress at critical growth stages due to a lack of satellite thermal data at critical growth stages. The HCMM thermal data proved to be quite adequate in detecting relative moisture differences; however, with a 16 day day/night overpass frequency, more frequent overpasses are required to analyze more cases within a 7 day period after the storm. Better normalization techniques are also required.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10154 , NASA-CR-164268 , RSC-3712-12
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 14
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    Utilization of vegetation indices to improve microwave soil moisture estimates over agricultural lands (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A technique is presented by means of which visible/near-IR data are used to develop corrections in remotely sensed microwave soil moisture signals, in order to account for vegetation effects. Visible/IR data collected with the NASA NS001 Thematic Mapper Simulator were used to calculate the Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI), which was then related to the change of sensitivity of the microwave measurement to surface soil moisture. Effective estimation of soil moisture in the presence of vegetation can be made with L-band microwave radiometers and visible/IR sensors when the PVI is lower than 4.3. This technique offers a means for the estimation of moisture from a space platform over many agricultural areas, without expensive ground data collection.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); GE-22; 490-496
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 15
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    Spectral Measurement of Watershed Coefficients in the Southern Great Plains (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. It was apparent that the spectra calibration of runoff curve numbers cannot be achieved on watersheds where significant areas of timber were within the drainage area. The absorption of light by wet soil conditions restricts differentiation of watersheds with regard to watershed runoff curve numbers. It appeared that the predominant factor influencing the classification of watershed runoff curve numbers was the difference in soil color and its associated reflectance when dry. In regions where vegetation grown throughout the year, where wet surface conditions prevail or where watersheds are timbered, there is little hope of classifying runoff potential with visible light alone.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E78-10073 , NASA-CR-155718 , RSC-3273
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 16
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    Measuring watershed runoff capability with ERTS data (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Parameters of most equations used to predict runoff from an ungaged area are based on characteristics of the watershed and subject to the biases of a hydrologist. Digital multispectral scanner, MSS, data from ERTS was reduced with the aid of computer programs and a Dicomed display. Multivariate analyses of the MSS data indicate that discrimination between watersheds with different runoff capabilities is possible using ERTS data. Differences between two visible bands of MSS data can be used to more accurately evaluate the parameters than present subjective methods, thus reducing construction cost due to overdesign of flood detention structures.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: PAPER-W7 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 3d ERTS-1 Symp., Vol. 1, Sect. B; p 1089-1098
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 17
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    Results of soil moisture flights during April 1974 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results presented here are derived from measurements made during the April 5 and 6, 1974 flights of the NASA P-3A aircraft over the Phoenix, Arizona agricultural test site. The purpose of the mission was to study the use of microwave techniques for the remote sensing of soil moisture. These results include infrared (10-to 12 micrometers) 2.8-cm and 21-cm brightness temperatures for approximately 90 bare fields. These brightness temperatures are compared with surface measurements of the soil moisture made at the time of the overflights. These data indicate that the combination of the sum and difference of the vertically and the horizontally polarized brightness temperatures yield information on both the soil moisture and surface roughness conditions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-TN-D-8199 , G-7663
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 18
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    Remote sensing techniques for prediction of watershed runoff (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Hydrologic parameters of watersheds for use in mathematical models and as design criteria for flood detention structures are sometimes difficult to quantify using conventional measuring systems. The advent of remote sensing devices developed in the past decade offers the possibility that watershed characteristics such as vegetative cover, soils, soil moisture, etc., may be quantified rapidly and economically. Experiments with visible and near infrared data from the LANDSAT-1 multispectral scanner indicate a simple technique for calibration of runoff equation coefficients is feasible. The technique was tested on 10 watersheds in the Chickasha area and test results show more accurate runoff coefficients were obtained than with conventional methods. The technique worked equally as well using a dry fall scene. The runoff equation coefficients were then predicted for 22 subwatersheds with flood detention structures. Predicted values were again more accurate than coefficients produced by conventional methods.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: W-15 , NASA. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center NASA Earth Resources Surv. Symp., Vol. 1-D; p 2379-2406
    Format: text
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  • 19
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    Ground truth report 1975 Phoenix microwave experiment (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Direct measurements of soil moisture obtained in conjunction with aircraft data flights near Phoenix, Arizona in March, 1975 are summarized. The data were collected for the Joint Soil Moisture Experiment.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-147427 , TR-RSC-70
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 20
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    Multispectral determination of soil moisture (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The edited Guymon soil moisture data collected on August 2, 5, 14, 17, 1978 were grouped into four field cover types for statistical analysis. These are the bare, milo with rows parallel to field of view, milo with rows perpendicular to field of view and alfalfa cover groups. There are 37, 22, 24 and 14 observations respectively in each group for each sensor channel and each soil moisture layer. A subset of these data called the 'five cover set' (VEG5) limited the scatterometer data to the 15 deg look angle and was used to determine discriminant functions and combined group regressions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10123 , NASA-CR-164115
    Format: application/pdf
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