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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic and interfacial aspects of enzymatic polymer synthesis in reversed micellar systems (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 531-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: horseradish peroxidase ; reversed micelles ; phenolic polymers ; enzyme kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The enzyme horseradish peroxidase, when encapsulated in reversed micelles, is capable of catalyzing the synthesis of phenolic and aromatic amine polymers. The synthesis of polyethylphenol is specifically considered in this article and is found to be extremely feasible in the micellar system. Polymer chain growth can be controlled to some degree by manipulating the ability of the solvent to sustain chain solubility; this is effectively done by adjusting the surfactant concentration. This results in a degree of control of polymer molecular weight. The synthesized polymer drops out of solution and can be easily recovered. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260410505
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A near-infrarod spectroscopy technique for the control of fermentation processes: An application to lactic acid fermentation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 913-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: near-infrared spectroscopy ; fermentation ; on-line monitoring ; lactic acid ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique for the control of lactic acid fermentation process has been proposed. Lactic acid, glucose, and biomass concentrations were determined by the NIR spectroscopy method. The three parameters examined were closely correlated to the results obtained with classical laboratory procedures. Moreover, the conditions for the on-line utilization of the NIR spectroscopy measurement system were pointed out. The great versatility of the NIR spectroscopy should permit its use for other fermentation processes. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260431003
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction of equine chorionic gonadotrophin from pregnant mare plasma by direct adsorption on chromatographic media (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 22-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: eCG ; pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin ; batch sorption ; hormone purification ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) is a hormone of practical value in veterinary medicine and animal production. Here we report a novel preparation procedure based on its direct adsorption onto anionic-exchange resins in a batch-wise mode. The active plasma is previously conditioned to reduce pH and ionic strength to required levels. After the adsorption stage, a 90% recovery of the initial eCG is achieved, with a concentration factor of about 50 and an enrichment factor around 500, with high preservation of biological activity. Further purification is carried out by cation-exchange column chromatography. The recovery for the whole process is higher than 70%, and the final potency of the preparation is close to 4000 IU/mg. The process is well suited for its application to the industrial scale. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 22-25, 1998.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilute acid hydrolysis of wheat straw hemicellulose at moderate temperature: A simplified kinetic model (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 288-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Wheat straw has been hydrolized with sulfuric acid at 34 and 90°C. The treatment at 90°C yields complete solubilization of hemicellulose to xylose and arabinose without significant amounts of furfural. The influence of acid concentration was studied and the kinetics of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis has been modeled suggesting a two-consecutive reactions mechanism. This model is useful to explain the different behavior of the concentration of the two main sugars produced. The enhanced cellulose accessibility to enzymatic attack is also reported.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260280219
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer simulation in solid substrate fermentation (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 802-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model was developed and tested to simulate the generation and transfer of heat in solid substrate fermentation (SSF). The experimental studies were realized in a 1-L static bioreactor packed with cassava wet meal and inoculated with Aspergillus niger. A simplified pseudohomogeneous monodimensional dynamic model was used for the energy balance. Kinetic equations taking into account biomass formation (logistic), sugar consumption (with maintenance), and carbon dioxide formation were used. Model verification was achieved by comparison of calculated and experimental temperatures. Heat transfer was evaluated by the estimation of Biot and Peclet heat dimensionless numbers 5-10 and 2550-2750, respectively. It was shown that conduction through the fermentation fixed bed was the main heat transfer resistance. This model intends to reach a better understanding of transport phenomena in SSF, a fact which could be used to evaluate various alternatives for temperature control of SSF, i.e., changing air flow rates and increasing water content. Dimensionless numbers could be used as scale-up criteria of large fermentors, since in those ratios are described the operating conditions, geometry, and size of the bioreactor. It could lead to improved solid reactor systems. The model can be used as a basis for automatic control of SSF for the production of valuable metabolites in static fermentors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350808
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary zone electrophoresis for the rapid screening of banned drugs in sport (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 15 (1994), S. 240-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary zone electrophoresis was used to analyze some drugs illegally used in sports. The spectroscopic characteristics and electrophoresis migration parameters of diuretics, narcotics-analgesics and β-blockers were established. Analytical figures of merit including parameters on the precision of migration and limits of detection are discussed. Results for the separation of drugs of different doping families are discussed. An analysis of urine from a patient receiving daily dosis of atenolol is presented.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150150141
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase in isolated villus and crypt cells of chick duodenum, jejunum and ileum (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 7 (1989), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: HMG-CoA reductase ; villus and crypt cells ; cholesterogenesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.34), the major rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterogenesis, was studied in epithelial cells isolated in a villus to crypt gradient from chick duodenum, jejunum and ileum, in order to resolve the apparent controversy that exists on the anatomical localization of sterol synthesis in the intestine. Consistent separation was demonstrated by using the marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase, specific to the villus cells, and thymidine kinase, specific to the crypt cells. No relative difference in stability was observed, as shown by the equal distribution of acid phosphatase. Cells were 90-95 per cent viable. The highest specific activity of reductase was located in the microsomal fraction (41 per cent of the total). The mitochondria had lower specific activity (8 per cent of the total). The distribution of reductase activity in epithelial cells of the villus-crypt axis was also studied. The specific activity in each cell fraction from chick duodenum was clearly lower than that in jejunum and ileum. The jejunal and ileal crypt regions showed lower specific activity than the villus cells. About 70 per cent of total reductase activity was found in cells from the upper and the mid villus fraction in each intestinal segment.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290070206
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiral separation of polychlorinated biphenyls by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium cholate (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 19 (1998), S. 2113-2118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Micellar electrokinetic chromatography ; Bile salts ; Sodium cholate ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Enantiomeric separations ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with one kind of bile salt (sodium cholate) was used to separate three chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 84, 95, and 176), each one in its two enantiomers. Sodium cholate was used as chiral surfactant in a 2-(N-cyclohexylamino) ethanesulfonic acid (CHES) buffer under alkaline (pH 10) conditions containing urea (2 M). The influence of bile salt concentration on the efficiency and the resolution between the two enantiomers of PCBs 84 and 95 was established. The chiral separation of three PCBs was successfully achieved in less than 30 min (approximately 23 min for PCB 176 and approximately 29 min for PCBs 84 and 95).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150191212
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of diterpene forskolin on the release reaction and protein phosphorylation of human platelets (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 1 (1983), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Blood ; forskolin ; protein phosphorylation ; platelets ; release reaction ; secretion ; cAMP ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of diterpene forskolin on the human platelet release reaction and on platelet protein phosphorylation were studied. This drug is shown to have the same effects as other agents which increase cAMP levels, namely, it inhibits the secretory response to diverse agonists and causes changes in the phosphorylation of several specific proteins. An increase of the 32P content is seen in the MW 47 000, 24 000 and 21 000 polypeptides while a decrease is observed in the MW 41 000 and 27 000 and 20 000 species. Forskolin also inhibits the changes in protein phosphorylation pattern induced by the powerful platelet secretagogue, thrombin. Our results relate the effects of antagonists of platelet secretion such as prostaglandins more closely to changes in cAMP levels and in protein phosphorylation than to other possible effects of the receptor-ligand interaction, which is by-passed by the use of forskolin. Our results also provide additional evidence involving these changes in the mechanisms which regulate the secretory process in platelets.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.290010311
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural comparison in solution of a native and retro peptide derived from the third helix of Staphylococcus aureus protein A, domain B: retro peptides, a useful tool for the discrimination of helix stabilization factors dependent on the peptide chain orientation (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Peptide Science 3 (1997), S. 299-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1075-2617
    Keywords: NMR ; retro-enantio ; helix ; macrodipole ; protein A ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A peptide fragment corresponding to the third helix of Staphylococcus Aureus protein A, domain B, was chosen to study the effect of the main-chain direction upon secondary structure formation and stability, applying the retro-enantio concept. For this purpose, two peptides consisting of the native (Ln) and reversed (Lr) sequences were synthesized and their conformational preferences analysed by CD and NMR spectroscopy. A combination of CD and NMR data, such as molar ellipcitity, NOE connectivities, Hα and NH chemical shifts, 3JαN coupling constants and amide temperature coefficients indicated the presence of nascent helices for both Ln and Lr in water, stabilized upon addition of the fluorinated solvents TFE and HFIP. Helix formation and stabilization appeared to be very similar in both normal and retro peptides, despite the unfavourable charge-macrodipole interactions and bad N-capping in the retro peptide. Thus, these helix stabilization factors are not a secondary structure as determined for this specific peptide. In general, the synthesis and confirmational analysis of peptide pairs with opposite main-chain directions, normal and retro peptides, could be useful in the determination of secondary structure stabilization factors dependent on the direction. © 1997 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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