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  • General Chemistry  (11)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • Sulfoxides
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Fluorine ; Pheromones ; Sulfoxides ; Sulcatol ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -The pheromone (R)-(-)-sulcatol (10a) and three of its enantiomeric mono-, di-, and trifluoro analogues 10b-d have been synthesized, in six steps and with good overall yields, starting from chiral (R)-2-methyl-5-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfinyl]pent-2-ene (1) and commercially available fluorinated or non-fluorinated acetates.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wileY-Vch.de/contents/jc_2046/1999/98375_s.pdf or from the author.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Fluorinated dideoxynucleosides ; Through-space interactions ; Hydrogen bonds ; Long-range coupling constants ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -A collection of 5′-O-benzyl-2′,3′-dideoxy-4′-(fluoromethyl)nucleosides carrying both purinic and pyrimidinic nucleobases (uracil, 5-Br-uracil, 5-O2N-uracil, 6-Cl-purine and inosine) were synthesized in both the α and the β form. Through-space-transmitted 6JCF NMR coupling constants between F and C-6 (pyrimidinic base) or C-8 (purinic base) were observed for all of the α anomers of the compounds examined, whilst the corresponding 7JHF coupling constants were resolved only for the 5-substituted uracil derivatives. The absolute values of all the through-space couplings were found to decrease monotonically with increasing solvent polarity (CDCl3, MeOD, [D6]acetone, [D6]DMSO). This trend suggests that the through-space interaction is mediated by an intramolecular (sp3)C-F…H-C(sp2) hydrogen bond. The possibility of any relevant solvent-induced conformational change influencing the F/base mutual spatial relationship in the molecules investigated was ruled out by heteronuclear steady-state 1H{19F}-NOE experiments. A linear correlation was observed between 6JCF and 7JHF coupling constants and the Kamlet-Taft's hydrogen bond basicity parameter β. The crystal structures of the α and β anomers of the 5-nitrouracil nucleoside show evidence that the H-6 of the nucleobase forms hydrogen-bond-like interactions involving the O-benzyl oxygen atom in the β anomer, and that in the case of the α anomer this is replaced by the F atom of the fluoromethyl group.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Catenanes ; Mechanically interlocked molecules ; Molecular recognition ; Rotaxanes ; Template-directed synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -A [2]catenane, able to bind π-electron-rich guests inside the cavity of one of its two macrocyclic components has been designed and synthesized using supramolecular assistance. This recognition motif has been exploited to template the formation of a so-called rotacatenane - i.e., a molecule composed of a dumbbell-shaped component threaded through the cavity of one of the two mechanically interlocked macrocyclic components of a [2]catenane. The structure of this [2]catenane, as well as that of a model [2]catenane, have been characterized unequivocally by single-crystal X-ray analyses. Furthermore, some of the co-conformational changes associated with these mechanically interlocked molecules in solution have been probed by variable-temperature 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Fluorine ; Cycloadditions ; Nitrones ; Asymmetric induction ; Sulfoxides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-(Fluoroalkyl)isoxazolidines 6 and -2,3-dihydroisoxazoles 8 have been obtained in enantiomerically pure form with good diastereoselectivity by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diethyl fumarate and dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate, respectively, to the chiral fluorinated nitrone (R)-5. The latter has been prepared from the β-fluoromethyl-β-oxo sulfoxide (RS)-1, by a synthetic sequence where the chiral and enantiomerically pure sulfinyl function acts as a removable source of chirality. Reductive opening of isoxazolidines 6 then afforded amino fluoromethyl diols 7 in good yields.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 375-384 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Glass fibers have been treated with γ-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APES) through different silanizating procedures, which include APES aqueous solutions and APES vapor adsorption. Transmission Fourier transform IR (FTIR) measurements have been performed on the silanized samples to characterize the silanization reaction. Dansyl-sulfonamide conjugates have then been formed by reaction of dansyl chloride in dimethylformamide solution with the amine functionality's immobilized on the glass fiber surface. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements have been performed on dansylated samples. A dependence of the fluorescence intensity and the wavelength of the maximum emission on the silanization procedure has been observed. Good fits of the fluorescence decays of dansyl labels are found when biexponential functions are used for deconvolution, whereas the decay of dansylamides in fluid solution is single exponential. A two-state model for the solid solvent relaxation seems to apply for this samples. Several surface structural changes produced by the different silanization methods have been proposed. FTIR results support the conclusions drawn from fluorescence measurements. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 47 (1993), S. 1741-1748 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The migration of compounds from polymer-based packaging may impart undesirable odors to foods. We, therefore, undertook a study of the volatile compounds produced during the heating of polyethylene (PE) in the presence of excess O2 at temperatures of 150-350°C and for heating times of 5-15 min. Eightyfour volatile compounds in the range of C5 - C23 were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The major products were aliphatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, and olefins. Changes in temperature and heating times affected the amount and type of compounds produced, with hexanal being found in the largest amount and 300°C resulting in the greatest quantity of volatile compounds. At 350°C, greater amounts and numbers of low-boiling and fewer high-boiling compounds were formed. Only small amounts of volatiles were produced at 150°C. Many of the compounds identified have been reported to have odor and/or toxicological significance. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1511-1519 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: conformation ; excimer ; fluorescence ; hairpins ; polyester ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The fluorescence in dilute solution has been measured as a function of solvent viscosity for four bichromophoric models for polyesters with naphthalene in the rigid aromatic unit and diols derived from cyclohexane as the flexible spacer. The spacers are 1,2-cis-cyclohexanediol, 1,2-trans-cyclohexanediol, a 1:2 mixture of 1,3-cis- and 1,3-trans-cyclohexanediols, and a 1:2 mixture of 1,4-cis- and 1,4-trans-cyclohexanediols. The shape of the emission spectra for the molecules in this series is less sensitive to the viscosity of the medium than was the case for an analogous series in which a methylene or oxyethylene spacer replaces the cyclohexanediol spacer. The dependence of the excimer emission on the type of spacer is different also in the series in which the rigid units contain naphthalene or benzene. When the rigid units contain naphthalene, excimer formation is maximal if the spacer contains 1,2-trans-cyclohexanediol, but this spacer produces a molecule with a very small tendency for excimer formation in its polymers with terephthalate. A conformational analysis correctly concludes that the spacer most conducive to excimer formation should be 1,2-trans-cyclohexanediol, but it does not identify the correct order of the remaining three bichromophoric model compounds. The problem may reside in the method for taking into account the finite width of the torsional well associated with each rotational isomer. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Steady state fluorescence has been used to study the efficiency of nonradiative singlet energy transfer from naphthalene to anthracene in naph-COO—(CH2)m—OOC-anth for m of 2-6. A theoretical analysis has also been performed, using the rotational isomeric state model, of the conformations of these molecules. The experiments clearly demonstrate the presence of nonradiative singlet energy transfer in the bichromophoric compounds, with an efficiency that depends on the solvent and on m. The combination of the experiments and the theoretical analysis establishes that the Förster radius for this system is 1,6 ± 0,2 nm.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 33 (1996), S. 269-274 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: An in vitro study was performed to assess the wettability of orthophosphoric acid after different procedures for cleaning the enamel surface. Ninety noncarious third molars were randomly distributed into three groups with different enamel surface treatments: an air-powder polisher unit, prophylaxis pastes, and no enamel surface cleaning. Three commercially available orthophosphoric acids were used, and there were 10 teeth in each group. Acid viscosity values and contact-angle measurements were obtained. Each enamel surface was also examined with the scanning electron microscope. Results suggested that the surface treatment with which the best spreading of the acid solution was attained was the air-powder polisher. The least spreading of the acid was obtained with prophylaxis pastes, in which contact angles were even higher than those obtained on the untreated enamel surface. The 3M acid solution was the one that showed the best spreading onto the enamel surface. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1387-1389 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Natural products ; Epoxidations ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Fluorine ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The synthesis of enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure (-)-(1R,2R,5R)- and (-)-(1R,2S,5R)-2-fluoro frontalin (7) starting from (+)-(1S)-menthyl-(R)-toluene-4-sulfinate, methylmagnesium bromide, methyl fluoroacetate, 4-pentenyl bromide and diazomethane is described. The absolute stereochemistry was unambiguously determined by X-ray analysis of (+)-(1S,2R,5S,RS)-5, an intermediate in the synthesis of the enantiomeric (+)-(1S,2R,5S)-2-fluoro frontalin (7).
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