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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silicon molecular beam epitaxy (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 3 (1991), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Recent results in the field of silicon molecular beam epitaxy (Si—MBE) are reviewed. Emphasis is put on the possibility of doping-profile engineering, as in delta-doped layers. Heteroepitaxy of Si1 -xGex on Si is discussed in detail. Due to the band-gap narrowing in the Si1 -xGex several improved devices can be designed, such as heterojunction bipolar transistors and modulation-doped structures which show potential for improved field-effect transistors. An exciting area of research involves superlattices consisting of repetitions of layers of Si and Ge, each with a thickness of only a few atomic layers.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19910030705
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal field emission in carbon black-loaded natural rubber vulcanizates (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. 651-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The nonohmic behavior of carbon black-loaded natural rubber viilcanizates was studied. Three samples contained high-abrasion furnace black (HAF) in good, moderate, and poor dispersion. Another sample contained a good dispersion of medium thermal black (MT). The nonohmic behavior of the poor HAF dispersion and that of the MT dispersion could be interpreted as due to internal field emission acroM insulating gap widths of 2 and 2.5 μ. The existence of such gaps waa confirmed by electron micrographs. No clear evidence of internal field emission could be obtained for the good and moderate HAP dispersions where, according to electron micrographs, the gaps are much narrower. There is some indication that the degree of diapersion can be correlated with field emission characteristics.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1962.070062408
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for the prediction of metallocene-type catalyst activity in olefin (co)polymerisation reactions (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 16 (1995), S. 463-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The use of ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) for the prediction of metallocene catalyst potential for the polymerisation of olefins is described. Upon addition of methylaluminoxane (MAO) to rac-[C2H4(1-indenyl)2ZrCl2] ([Al]/[Zr] = 200) the ligand-to-metal charge transfer band shows a hypsochromic shift while a bathochromic shift is observed when more MAO is added ([Al]/[Zr] = 2000). These shifts can be explained by assuming that methylation of the zirconocene by MAO occurs in the case of [Al]/[Zr] = 200 while a cationic complex, the active catalytic system, is formed upon addition of more MAO, e.g., [Al]/[Zr] = 2000.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1995.030160702
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition and thickness of surface layer on molybdenum tips for scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) studied by SEM/AES/(AR)XPS (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 19 (1992), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A combination of SEM, AES and angle-resolved XPS (ARXPS) has been applied to analyse the distribution of chemical compounds in the surface region of electrochemically etched molybdenum tips and to determine the contamination layer thickness. Carbon monoxide, graphite, molybdenum carbide and molybdenum oxide were found to be the main surface contaminants on molybdenum tips. Auger line profiling revealed a significant enrichment of carbon and oxygen upon the tip. The thickness of the oxygen-carbon contamination layer on the tip was estimated to be 13.5 ± 1.0 nm as measured by AES. The thickness of the contamination layer on a molybdenum sheet was found to be 8.0 ± 1.5 and 6.8 nm using AES and ARXPS respectively. Quantitative analysis of the surface concentrations of carbon, oxygen and molybdenum has been performed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740190121
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of Y on the structure and growth mechanism of alumina scales (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Small additions of yttrium to NiAl result in a decreasing oxygen transport through the Al2O3 scale on AiAl at 1270 K, as has been shown by nuclear reaction analysis (18O(p, α)15N). A higher concentration, e.g. 0.5 wt%, has the opposite effect. Yttrium segregates to the grain boundaries in the alloy, and an enhanced Y concentration has been observed by means of EPMA in the oxide scale above the grain boundaries of the alloy. Transition aluminium oxides are shown to be formed in the initial stage at 1170 K with (glancing angle) x-ray diffraction. Only α-Al2O3 is formed after oxidation for several minutes at higher temperatures (1470 K). The rate of transformation of transition Al2O3 to the stable α-Al2O3 modification depends on the oxidation temperature. The transition is shown to be retarded by the presence of Y. The primary transport processes in the Al2O3 scales are short-circuit diffusion of oxygen and/or aluminium. At 1170 K, while transition oxides are still present, Al transport predominates. At higher temperatures, when the oxide has the α-Al2O3 structure, oxygen transport is enhanced. This would also explain the retardation of oxygen transport by the addition of Y, since Y was found to prevent the formation of the most stable form of Al2O3.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740120705
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion permeability through membranes of ABA block copolymers consisting of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (A) and polystyrene (B) (1989)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 10 (1989), S. 457-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1989.030100905
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of ethylene with a homologous series of vinyl esters (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 1489-1498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of the alkyl group on the relative reactivity of a homologous series of vinyl esters (2) has been studied with ethylene (1) as reference monomer, tert-butyl alcohol as solvent, at 62°C and 35 kg/cm2. The experimental method was based on frequent measurement of the monomer feed composition throughout the copolymerization reaction by means of quantitative gas-chromatographic analysis. Highly accurate monomer reactivity ratios were estimated in a statistically justified manner by a nonlinear least-squares method applied to the integrated copolymer equation. The reactivity of the vinyl ester monomers towards an ethylene radical increased with decreasing electron-with-drawing ability of the ester group. All vinyl ester radicals considered turned out to have the same preference for their own monomer over ethylene (constant r2 = 1.50). Reactivity ratios are discussed in terms of the Q-e scheme and the Taft relation. It appeared that chiefly polar factors contribute to the observed relative reactivity, while probably resonance stabilization only plays a minor part. Steric hindrance seems to impair monomer reactivity, only from vinyl pivalate on. Relative reactivities of the vinyl esters are compared with literature values, where other reference monomers have been used.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150620
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of N-chlorosulfonylisocyanate with unsaturated polymers. Route to a synthesis of polyampholytes (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.130110305
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolytes obtained by reaction of β-lactam-N-sulfonylchloride groups with aqueous ammonia (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 14 (1976), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.130140102
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis and polymerization of oxo-crown ethers (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 47 (1996), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A novel synthetic route to and a polymerization procedure for oxo-crown ethers 2, 11-dioxo-18-crown-6 (1), 2-oxo-12-crown-4 (2) and 2-oxo-21-crown-7 (3) are described. Cyclization of the ω-hydroxycarboxylic acid precursors of 1 - 3 has been achieved by heating these precursors in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (CoCl2) and a template salt (MCl). Cyclization yields up to 82% were reached, using CsCl as template salt. Oxo-crown ethers 1 - 3 have been polymerized using SnOct2 as catalyst, giving polymers with molecular weights of approximately 5 kg/mol and dispersities of ca. 1.8 (measured with polyethylene oxide standards). The polymerization of 2 was monitored with 1H-NMR and SEC giving information about (a) the influence of monomer/catalyst ratio and temperature on polymerization rate and (b) the influence of temperature on molecular weight (distribution). The possibility of introducing endgroups into poly(2-oxo-12-crown-4) using SnOct2-catalyzed polymerization was also studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1996.010471103
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