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  • GEOPHYSICS  (14)
  • J NO 2  (2)
  • AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION  (1)
  • CHEMISTRY  (1)
  • 11
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    Measurements of nitric oxide in the boundary layer and free troposphere over the Pacific Ocean (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Measurements of NO and O3 are presented from 13 aircraft flights made over the Pacific Ocean in the autumn of 1983 during one phase of the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment. All of the flights were made between 15 deg and 42 deg N and from the coast of California to west of the Hawaiian Islands. Within the upper marine boundary layer the median daytime mixing ratio of NO was near 1 part per trillion by volume (pptv). Values of NO less than 10 pptv were often observed up to altitudes near 6 km. Thus for the location and season of the measurements, a net photochemical destruction of O3 would be anticipated for the boundary layer region and to altitudes of 2-3 km. At higher altitudes of 7-11 km in the free troposphere, larger mixing ratios and greater variability were usually observed for NO. Both features are consistent with observed examples of injection of NO and O3 from the lower stratosphere and with the injection of NO from towering, electrically active, cumulonimbus clouds.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 92; 2025-204
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 12
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    Measurements of NO(x) over the eastern Pacific Ocean and southwestern United States during the spring 1984 NASA GTE aircraft program (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Measurements of NO, NO(x) (NO + NO2), O3, and CO are presented from seven aircraft flights made over the eastern Pacific Ocean and the southwestern United States in spring of 1984. The sampling region was characterized by large- and small-scale variability for all of the measurements, likely as a result of vigorous synoptic scale meteorology and the influence of tropopause folds. Median values for NO, NO(x), O3, and CO from the flights made over the ocean in the region of 5.8-7.6 km were 10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), 32 pptv, 46 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), and 120 ppbv, respectively. Corresponding values from two flights made over the continent at similar altitudes were 16 pptv, 38 pptv, 42 ppbv, and 111 ppbv. There was a strong tendency for NO or NO(x) to be correlated positively with O3 and to be anticorrelated with dew-point/frost-point measurements. No significant overall correlation occurred between NO(x) and CO for the ocean data. The variability of NO(x) was such that regions of net destruction and regions of net production of O(3) were sampled both over the ocean and over the continent. However, in the middle free troposphere over the ocean, net O(3) destruction was predominant.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 5043-506
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 13
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    Nitric oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere as measured in SITU from an aircraft (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: As part of the instrument evaluation plan for the NASA Global Atmospheric Sampling Program, prototype instruments were tested aboard the NASA Convair 990 during four flights in January and February of 1974. All the data were taken in maritime air between Hawaii and San Francisco and between Hawaii and 155 deg W, 35 deg N. A chemiluminescent instrument was used to measure nitric oxide. Water vapor, which was measured by using an aluminum oxide hygrometer, ranged from 5.2 micro g/g to saturation. Ozone was measured by an instrument using the ultraviolet absorption technique and ranged up to 235 ppbv. Typical temporal plots of the concentrations of the three constituents are presented. All the constituents showed considerable spatial and day-to-day variation in concentration at each altitude flown. Measurements of the three constituents were made simultaneously at various altitudes between 7.6 and 12.5 km.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3174 , E-8077
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 14
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    Airborne measurements of total reactive odd nitrogen (NO(y)) (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Airborne total reactive odd nitrogen measurements were made during August and September 1986 over the continental United States and off the west coast over the Pacific Ocean during NASA's Global Tropospheric Experiment/Chemical Instrumentation Test and Evaluation 2 program. Measurements were made in the marine and continental boundary layer and the free troposphere up to 6.1 km altitude. NO(y) mixing ratios between 24 pptv and more than 1 ppbv were found, with median values of 101 pptv in the marine boundary layer, 298 pptv in the marine free troposphere, and 288 pptv in the continental free troposphere, respectively. The marine troposphere exhibited layered structure which was also seen in the simultaneously measured ozone mixing ratio and dew point temperature. The averaged vertical NO(y) profile over the ocean does not show a distinct gradient. The NO(y) mixing ratio over the continent decreases with increasing altitude. The latter is consistent with our understanding that the continents are the major source region for these gases.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; D9, J; 9833-985
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 15
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    An analysis of aircraft exhaust plumes form accidental encounters (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: An analysis of data obtained during the second Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition (AASE-II) was made with emphasis on aircraft exhaust plumes accidentally encountered during the mission. Twenty spikes were found with peak NO(y) increments greater than or equal to 1 ppbv. The examination of CO and CO2 indicated that there was only one NO(y) spike having clearly corresponding spikes of both CO and CO2 and another four with unambigious CO2 spikes. No significant increases were found for CH4 and N2O for these 5 spikes. The ratio of the excess CO2 and NO(y) compares well with the ratio of published subsonic aircraft emission indices. The study of the selected spikes from the DC-8 and another two spikes observed during other missions shows that the odd nitrogen other than NO(x) accounts for a very small percentage of the NO(y) increase associated with the observed spikes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 21; 23; p. 2579-2582
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 16
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    Observed and model-calculated NO2/NO ratios in tropospheric air sampled during the NASA GTE/CITE-2 field study (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Airborne measurements of NO2/NO ratios in the free troposphere, obtained using two-photon LIF (TP-LIF) and chemiluminescence (CL) detectors during the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment Chemical Instrumentation Test and Evaluation 2 (CITE 2) program in summer 1986, are analyzed and compared with the predictions of a photochemical model. The derivation of the model is outlined, with an emphasis on the role of peroxy radicals in the fast photochemical cycling of NO and NO2 and the production of O3; the CITE 2 instruments and flight protocols are described; and the results are presented in extensive tables and graphs and discussed in detail. It was found that on three CITE 2 flights the CL data were systematically greater than the TP-LIF data; when these data were removed, the averaged values of the two instruments agreed to within 1 percent. The NO2/NO ratios predicted by the model are shown to be consistent with the measurements, although usually 20-25 percent lower.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 10235-10
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 17
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    Relationship between peroxyacetyl nitrate and nitrogen oxides in the clean troposphere (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The first study is presented in which the mixing ratios of peroxyactyl nitrate (PAN) and nitrogen oxides, as well as those of peroxypropionyl nitrate and O3 and relevant meteorological parameters, were measured concurrently at a location that receives clean, continental air. The results show that, in clean conditions, nitrogen oxides present in the form of PAN can be as much or more abundant than the inorganic form. In addition, PAN can be an important source of peroxyacetyl radicals which may be important to oxidation processes in the gas as well as liquid phases.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 318; 347-349
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 18
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    Reactive nitrogen species in the troposphere - Measurements of NO, NO2, HNO3, particulate nitrate, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), O3, and total reactive odd nitrogen (NOy) at Niwot Ridge, Colorado (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 9781-979
    Format: text
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