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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The seasonal dynamics of leaf resin, nitrogen, and herbivore damage in Eriodictyon californicum and their parallels in Diplacus aurantiacus (1984)
    Springer
    Oecologia 61 (1984), S. 398-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chaparral shrub Eriodictyon californicum produces a flavonoid leaf resin with a chemically similar composition to that previously reported for the sympatric shrub Diplacus aurantiacus. We determined the phenology, resin content, and nitrogen content of Eriodictyon leaves and the leaf area lost to herbivores. Nitrogen content and resin content were both negatively correlated with leaf age at each sampling date, but nitrogen decreased during the growing season while resin increased. The fraction of leaf area lost during the growing season averaged less than 7% and was highest on the oldest leaves. The seasonal pattern of resin production in Eriodictyon corresponds to that in Diplacus, indicating that the similar environments of Eriodyctyon and Diplacus have led to convergent leaf resins. This convergence in these two plants has implications for chemicals of similar function in other chaparral shrubs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379642
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further observations on the water relations ofProsopis tamarugo of the northern Atacama desert (1980)
    Springer
    Oecologia 44 (1980), S. 177-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Prosopis tamarugo, a tree native to the Atacama desert of Chile apparently has unique water relations. It is proposed that in its native habitat, where there is essentially no precipitation, establishment occurs during the rare flooding periods, with water coming as runoff from the Andes. These plants subsequently exist as phreatophytes tapping the relatively shallow ground water. Although phreatophytic, the plants appears to come under increasing drought stress as the growing season progresses. Because of the very low water potentials of the salty surface soils, water evidently moves from the plant into the soil under certain conditions. This water may be reabsorbed subsequently and used by the plant as the water table capillary fringe is depleted toward the end of the leafy period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00572676
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic characteristics of plants of a Californian cool coastal environment (1983)
    Springer
    Oecologia 57 (1983), S. 38-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Herbaceous perennials native to coastal bluffs in northern California all had similar photosynthetic characteristics: moderate photosynthetic capacities, light saturation at relatively low irradiances, and low photosynthetic temperature optima. They all decreased stomatal conductance in response to decreased humidity. Though the coastal habitat generally has high humidities and cool air temperatures leaf microclimatic conditions lead frequently to large vapor-concentration gradients between leaf and air. Stomatal sensitivty to the vapor-concentration gradient may result in important plant-water conservation in this summer drought habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379559
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecology of SO2 resistance (1982)
    Springer
    Oecologia 52 (1982), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 10 broadleafed trees and shrubs native to the mediterranean climactic zone in California were surveyed for their photosynthetic and stomatal responses to SO2. These species ranged from drought deciduous to evergreen and had diverse responses to SO2. These results suggest an approach for predicting SO2 resistances of plants. We found that conductance values of plants in SO2-free air can be used to estimate the quantity of SO2 which plants absorb. These estimates are based on conductance values for plants in non-limiting environmental conditions. SO2 absorption quantities are then used to predict relative photosynthesis following the fumigation. Thus, relative photosynthesis of plants following fumigation can be predicted on the basis of conductance in SO2-free air. This approach to predicting SO2 resistances of plants includes analysis of their stomatal responses to fumigation, their characteristics of SO2 adsorption and absorption, and their change in photosynthesis resulting from SO2 stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349006
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction and maintenance costs of mediterranean-climate evergreen and deciduous leaves I. Growth and CO2 exchange analysis (1982)
    Springer
    Oecologia 53 (1982), S. 208-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Gas exchange and leaf growth analysis were used in conjunction to determine leaf-construction and maintenance costs in three co-occurring shrubs of the california chaparral, one evergreen, Heteromeles arbutifolia, and two drougth deciduous species, Lepechinia calycina, and Diplacus aurantiacus. The construction costs per unit of leaf weight were similar among the three species and very close to values reported for other evergreens but considerably higher than leaf construction costs for other deciduous or herbaceous plants. Maintenance costs per unit of leaf weight were significantly greater in one deciduous species, L. calycina, than in the evergreen. Maintenance costs for all species were in the range reported for herbaceous species and considerably above those reported for other evergreens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00545665
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stomatal responses to humidity of coastal and interior populations of a Californian shrub (1983)
    Springer
    Oecologia 57 (1983), S. 148-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plants of two populations of Diplacus aurantiacus, a subshrub of the Californian chaparral, were compared for their stomatal response to water vapor concentration gradients. Plants of a coastal and an interior population were compared when grown under both low and high humidities. When grown at high humidity the coastal plants exhibited higher conductances and higher transpiration/photosynthesis ratios at all leaf-to-air water vapor concentration gradients than did the interior plants. Although all of the plants examined showed a pronounced stomatal response to humidity the response did not result in the degree of regulation of water-use efficiency reported for other Californian coastal species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379572
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenology and resource use in three co-occurring grassland annuals (1983)
    Springer
    Oecologia 58 (1983), S. 33-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Water resource partitioning among three co-occurring species of the California annual grassland was investigated. Plantago erecta, Clarkia rubicunda and Hemizonia luzulifolia differ in lifespan. The lifespan of Plantago is coincident with the October–May rainy season, but the other two species reproduce during summer when no precipitation occurs, and thus depend on stored water. Field studies indicated differential access to stored water commensurate with the phenology of each species. Studies of artificial stands under controlled conditions showed no difference in the species' ability to exploit stored water in the soil. However there was a striking difference in root behavior between Plantago and Hemizonia when plants were grown in a soil layer above a non-nutritive, waterstoring substrate. We concluded that Hemizonia, the longest lived species, survives on water stored in decomposed rock below the soil layer. Clarkia is restricted to cooler slope faces where a slightly longer growing season appears just suficient to complete reproduction. Productivity is enhanced by addition of later blooming species to the community, but there is no indication that the mixture is the most productive system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384539
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic characteristic of South African sclerophylls (1983)
    Springer
    Oecologia 58 (1983), S. 398-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sclerophyll shrubs of the South African mountain fynbos have leaves similar in structural and physiological properties to leaves from evergreen shrubs of other mediterranean-climate regions. These leaves have relatively low photosynthetic capacities (〈14 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1), and are light saturated at relatively low photon irradiances (〈1.0 mmol m−2 s−1). They have broad temperature responses of photosynthesis, moderate water-use efficiencies (∼0.003 mol CO2/mol H2O), high specific weights (∼200 g m−2) and low nitrogen contents (∼10 mg g−1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385242
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compromises between water-use efficiency and nitrogen-use efficiency in five species of California evergreens (1983)
    Springer
    Oecologia 60 (1983), S. 384-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In five California evergreen trees and shrubs cooccurring in this study but most common in habitats of different moisture availability, leaf nitrogen was a major determinant of photosynthetic capacity. Within each species, stomatal conductance was highly correlated with photosynthetic capacity, resulting in little variation in the concentration of CO2 in the intercellular spaces. Among species, intercellular CO2 concentrations varied significantly. Under controlled conditions, the leaves that realized the highest photosynthesis per unit of leaf nitrogen tended to realize the lowest photosynthesis per unit of water transpired. The ratio of photosynthesis to transpiration, an instantaneous measure of intrinsic water-use efficiency, was highest in the species commonly found in the direst habitats and lowest in the species most common in the wettes habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376856
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  • 20
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    Environmental controls on stomatal conductance in a shrub of the humid tropics (1983)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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