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  • 1
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Environmental Contaminants : using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution (2015)
    Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Netherlands
    Dazugehörige Bände
    Details Verfügbarkeit
    Signatur: AWI G5-15-0026
    In: Developments in paleoenvironmental research
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents: Using Natural Archives to Track Sources and Long-Term Trends of Pollution: An Introduction / Jules M. Blais, Michael R. Rosen and John P. Smol. - The Influence of Hydrology on Lacustrine Sediment Contaminant Records / Michael R. Rosen. - The Stability of Metal Profiles in Freshwater and Marine Sediments / P. M. Outridge and F. Wang. - Calculating Rates and Dates and Interpreting Contaminant Profiles in Biomixed Sediments / Zou Zou A. Kuzyk, Robie W. Macdonald and Sophia C. Johannessen. - Contaminants in Marine Sedimentary Deposits from Coal Fly Ash During the Latest Permian Extinction / Hamed Sanei, Stephen E. Grasby and Benoit Beauchamp. - Lake Sediment Records of Preindustrial Metal Pollution / Colin A. Cooke and Richard Bindler. - Lacustrine Archives of Metals from Mining and Other Industrial Activities - A Geochemical Approach / John Boyle, Richard Chiverrell and Dan Schillereff. - Organic Pollutants in Sediment Core Archives / Jennifer B. Korosi, Wenhan Cheng and Jules M. Blais. - Environmental Archives of Contaminant Particles / Neil L. Rose and Meri Ruppel. - Tracking Long-range Atmospheric Transport of Contaminants in Arctic Regions Using Lake Sediments / Jane Kirk and Amber Gleason. - Tracking Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Trace Metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and Organohalogen Compounds Using Lake Sediments of Mountain Regions / Jordi Catalan. - Using Peat Records as Natural Archives of Past Atmospheric Metal Deposition / Sophia V. Hansson, Richard Bindler and François De Vleeschouwer. - Historical Contaminant Records from Sclerochronological Archives / Jessica Carilli, Branwen Williams, Bernd R. Schöne, Richard A. Krause and Stewart J. Fallon. - Contaminant Records in Ice Cores / Paolo Gabrielli and Paul Vallelonga. - Use of Catalogued Long-term Biological Collections and Samples for Determining Changes in Contaminant Exposure to Organisms / Linda M. Campbell and Paul E. Drevnick. - Tracking Contaminant Transport From Biovectors / Roland Kallenborn and Jules M. Blais. - Using Natural Archives to Track Sources and Long-Term Trends of Pollution: Some Final Thoughts and Suggestions for Future Directions / Jules M. Blais, Michael R. Rosen and John P. Smol. - Index.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The human footprint on the global environment now touches every corner of the world. This book explores the myriad ways that environmental archives can be used to study the distribution and long-term trajectories of chemical contaminants. The volume first focuses on reviews that examine the integrity of the historic record, including factors related to hydrology, post-depositional diffusion, and mixing processes. This is followed by a series of chapters dealing with the diverse archives and methodologies available for long-term studies of environmental pollution, such as the use of sediments, ice cores, sclerochronology, and museum specimens.
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: XVI, 509 p.
    ISBN: 9789401795401
    Serie: Developments in paleoenvironmental research 18
    Zweigbibliothek: AWI Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Accumulation of persistent organochlorine compounds in mountains of western Canada (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 395 (1998), S. 585-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Persistent, semi-volatile organochlorine compounds, including toxic industrial pollutants and agricultural pesticides, are found everywhere on Earth, including in pristine polar and near-polar locations. Higher than expected occurrences of these compounds in remote regions are the result of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/26944
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book review (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 18 (1997), S. 211-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007950517035
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of210Pb dating in lake sediments using stable Pb,Ambrosia pollen, and137Cs (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 13 (1995), S. 169-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Schlagwort(e): constant initial concentration ; constant rate of supply ; 210Pb dating ; sediments
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract We used sediment chronology data from fourteen published studies of lake cores across much of North America and Scandinavia in order to make a large scale comparison of the different dating techniques. The uncertainty of210Pb derived dates was determined using common sediment event markers: the stable Pb rise, the137Cs rise, and theAmbrosia pollen rise. For all data combined, the 95% confidence intervals for the stable Pb rise and theAmbrosia rise, were approximately 30 years. These 95% confidence intervals are slightly higher than those derived by First-Order Error analysis performed by others on210Pb derived dates. When comparing the concordance of two210Pb models (CRS and CIC) against markers of known history, we found that the CRS model dates (constant rate of supply) had consistently better agreement than the CIC model dates (constant initial concentration). Major discrepancies between137Cs and210Pb were common, but were consistently more severe in sediments of soft water lakes pointing to an inability of sediments with low mineral content to ‘immobilize’ Cs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00678105
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Climatic changes in northwestern Ontario have had a greater effect on erosion and sediment accumulation than logging and fire: Evidence from 210Pb chronology in lake sediments (1998)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 43 (1998), S. 235-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sedimentation patterns in nine lake basins were examined where catchments were either clearcut, burned in recent history, or where there has been no recorded disturbance and the catchments consist of mature forests. Pronounced declines in sedimentation rates were observed in eight of eleven cores after 1980, in reference, clearcut, and burn lakes. The degree of change was positively correlated with the drainage ratio (catchment area: lake area), but was unrelated to land use history. The decline in sedimentation rates after 1980 coincide with a 60% decrease in catchment runoff and precipitation measured over the same time interval at the nearby Experimental Lakes Area. These results indicate that climatic changes over the past 20 years have had a greater effect on catchment erosion than either clearcutting or fire.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006065109925
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Atmospheric loading of Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Pb to lake sediments: The role of catchment, lake morphometry, and physico-chemical properties of the elements (1993)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 23 (1993), S. 1-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Schlagwort(e): catchment export ; catchment retention ; metals ; sediments
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Although catchments have been implicated as an important source of metals to lakes, the catchment contribution of different metals is poorly known, and the anthropogenic contribution is not known at all. We determine the anthropogenic lake sediment burdens of Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Pb for several Quebec and Ontario lakes, not subject to point source loading, to obtain estimates of atmospheric loading and inputs from terrestrial sources. To do this, we first collected multiple cores across 11 lake basins to estimate the whole-lake Pb burdens. As the whole-lake Pb burdens did not differ among lakes that spanned over two orders of magnitude in drainage ratios (drainage basin area/lake area), we conclude that catchment retention of anthropogenic Pb is complete. The anthropogenic Pb burdens were then used as a correction for focusing for the other metals. Among the metals, Cr and Ni were the most readily exported from drainage basins, followed by Cu. Zn showed no increase with drainage ratio, indicating Zn to be effectively retained by catchments. The export coefficients of the Pb corrected metals correlate well with ocean residence time, revealing a similar metal sorption/precipitation sequence in both soils and oceans. Sediment metal burdens provide a relatively easy way to obtain not only metal export coefficients from drainage basins, but also the atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic metals (e.g. Pb: S.E. Quebec, 950 mg*m−2: Laurentians, north of Montreal, 420 mg*m−2). The export coefficients are not only simpler to obtain than by mass balance measurements, but, in addition, identify the anthropogenic component.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002920
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Regional Contamination in Lakes from the Noril'sk Region in Siberia, Russia (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 110 (1999), S. 389-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Schlagwort(e): metals ; Noril'sk ; sediments ; Siberia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Sediment and water chemistry data were collected from ten lakes within a 110 km radius of Noril'sk in Siberia, the largest smelting complex in the world. Metals showing the most pronounced increase in enrichment near the smelters were Cu, Ni, Co, Ba and Zn. Cu and Ni appear to be as or more enriched in lake sediments around Noril'sk compared with levels previously reported for other locations. Although SO4 concentrations were highly elevated in the areas closest to the smelting complex, lake water pH remained elevated due to high concentrations of base cations in the waters. Sediment mercury enrichment was high in sediments near the smelting complex, but not more so than in other parts of the Arctic, suggesting that Hg either is not a major smelting product at Noril'sk, or that Hg is transported greater distances than other metals due to its longer atmospheric residence time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005059325100
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Using isotopic tracers in lake sediments to assess atmospheric transport of lead in Eastern Canada (1996)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 92 (1996), S. 329-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Schlagwort(e): lead ; pollution ; Ontario ; Quebec ; lakes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The isotopic composition of lead pollution in the environment provides information as to the source of emission. The 206Pb/207Pb ratio for Canadian industrial emissions (1.153±0.005) is significantly less than U.S. industrial emissions (1.213±0.008) making it possible to determine the relative contributions of emissions from both countries within Eastern North America by means of a simple isotopic mixing model. Profundal sediments in lakes chronicle contaminant inputs and are therefore useful monitors of environmental pollution. Surface sediment from 32 sediment cores across Quebec and Ontario, Canada were analyzed for 206Pb/207Pb to ascertain the relative proportions of Pb emission from Canada and the U.S.A. Data show that U.S. contributions to the total lead burden in surficial sediments across much of southern Quebec and Ontario are often in excess of 50%. Local sources were particularly important in the Eastern Township region of Quebec which lies 200 km south east of the city of Montreal. The results are discussed in relation to the major sources of industrial lead emissions in North America.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283566
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  • 9
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    Multicentury perspective assessing the sustainability of the historical harvest of seaducks (2019)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-04-01
    Beschreibung: Where available, census data on seabirds often do not extend beyond a few years or decades, challenging our ability to identify drivers of population change and to develop conservation policies. Here, we reconstruct long-term population dynamics of northern common eiders (Somateria mollissima borealis). We analyzed sterols together with stable nitrogen isotopes in dated pond sediment cores to show that eiders underwent broadscale population declines over the 20th century at Canadian subarctic breeding sites. Likely, a rapidly growing Greenland population, combined with relocation of Inuit to larger Arctic communities and associated increases in the availability of firearms and motors during the early to mid-20th century, generated more efficient hunting practices, which in turn reduced the number of adult eiders breeding at Canadian nesting islands. Our paleolimnological approach highlights that current and local monitoring windows for many sensitive seabird species may be inadequate for making key conservation decisions.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Assessment of the effects of logging, forest fires and drought on lakes in northwestern Ontario: a 30-year paleolimnological perspective (1998)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1998-10-01
    Beschreibung: The frequency and intensity of large-scale watershed disturbances (e.g., clearcuts and wildfires) is increasing in northwestern Ontario. Timber harvesting and wildfires have been shown to alter water quantity and quality in stream ecosystems. Unfortunately, scientific studies of these impacts on lakes are considerably rarer. Using paleolimnological techniques, we examined the remains of scaled chrysophytes in sediment cores from four lakes that have had the majority of their watersheds clearcut, two lakes that have had large forest fires in their watersheds, and two lakes that have had minimal watershed disturbance. Lakes in this study showed minor changes in the composition of scaled chrysophytes at a temporal resolution of 2-4 years, despite removal of over 90% of the forest. Furthermore, temporal variability in the species assemblages were similar in all lakes. A gradual change in the species assemblages of all lakes suggested a regional influence may have been responsible. We hypothesize that hydrological changes brought about by a regional drought from 1970 to 1990 may have exerted an overriding influence on lakes over this time period.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Digitale ISSN: 1208-6037
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Publiziert von Canadian Science Publishing
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