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Digitale Medien

Evolutionary advantage of the menopause (1982)

Mayer, Peter J.

Springer

Human ecology 10 (1982), S. 477-494

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ISSN: 1572-9915

Schlagwort(e): menopause ; human evolution ; inclusive fitness ; longevity ; aging

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Energietechnik , Ethnologie

Notizen: Abstract To postulate an evolutionary advantage of the menopause is to address the paradox of how natural selection can favor cessation of reproduction. To do this, menopause is examined with reference to four criteria: (1) its species-specificity and genetic basis; (2) its evolutionary history; (3) its selective advantage in the context of human longevity; and (4) its possible role in human evolution. A brief review of the literature reveals that the first two criteria are satisfied. The third criterion is supported by a study of four New England genealogies which demonstrated that, among 1,890 women born between 1675 and 1874, those who died postmenopausally had greater inclusive fitness than those who died premenopausally. The finding that females with postmenopausal longevity also had greater fertility may represent age-independent improvement in survival. A theory for evolution of the menopause is advanced, based on the observation that population growth via decreased birth spacing among mobile hominid groups would be enhanced by the presence of postreproductives who served as infantcarriers.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01531168

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Digitale Medien

Polyol-Metall-Komplexe. XIII [1]. Na2[Be(C4H6O3)2] · 5H2O und Na2[Pb(C4H6O3)2] · 3H2O - zwei homoleptische Bis-polyolato-metallate mit Beryllium und mit Blei (1995)

Klüfers, Peter ; Mayer, Peter ; Schuhmacher, Jörg

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 1373-1379

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ISSN: 0044-2313

Schlagwort(e): Dianionic Polyolato Ligands ; Deprotonated Anhydroerythritol ; Beryllium ; Lead ; Crystal Structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Polyol Metal Complexes. XIII. Na2[Be(C4H6O3)2] · 5H2O and Na2[Pb(C4H6O3)2] · 3H2O - Two Homoleptic Bis Polyolato Metallates with Beryllium and with LeadNa2[Be(C4H6O3)2] · 5H2O (1) and Na2[Pb(C4H6O3)2] · 3H2O (2) crystallize from concentrated, alkaline aqueous solutions. The polyol anhydroerythritol is deprotonated twice in the mononuclear, homoleptic complex anions. The preference of beryllium for the binding of cis-furanoid diols is shown. In 2, a stereochemically active lone pair at the central atom is the reason for the construction of low dimensional aggregates from three plumbate and three sodium ions.

Notizen: Na2[Be(C4H6O3)2] · 5H2O (1) und Na2[Pb(C4H6O3)2] · 3H2O (2) kristallisieren aus konzentrierten wäßrig-alkalischen Lösungen. In den einkernigen, homoleptischen Komplexanionen liegt das Polyol Anhydroerythrit als doppelt deprotonierter Chelatligand vor. Die Präferenz des Berylliums für cis-furanoide Diole wird gezeigt. In 2 führt ein stereochemisch aktives Elektronenpaar am Zentralmetall zum Aufbau eines niederdimensionalen Aggregats aus drei Plumbat- und drei Natrium-Ionen.

Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.