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Monographie ausleihbar

Fault mechanics and transport properties of rocks : a Festschrift in Honor of W. F. Brace (1992)

Evans, Brian [Hrsg.] ; Wong, Teng-Fong [Hrsg.]

London [u.a.] : Academic Press

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Signatur: 5/M 95.0219 ; 5/M 92.0622

In: International geophysics series

Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar

Seiten: xxiii, 524 S.

ISBN: 0-12-243780-2

Serie: International geophysics series 51

Klassifikation:

Tektonik

Sprache: Englisch

Anmerkung: Contents: Contributors. - Introduction: William F. Brace. - The Brace Symposium and this Volume. - Bibliography: William F. Brace. - Acknowledgments. - BRITTLE FAILURE OF ROCKS. - 1 Observations of Quasistatic Fault Growth from Acoustic Emissions / D.A. Lockner, J.D. Byerlee, V. Kuksenko, A. Ponomarev, A. Sidorin. - 2 Fabrics of Experimental Fault Zones: Their Development and Relationship to Mechanical Behavior / J.M. Logan, C.A. Dengo, N.G. Higgs, Z.Z. Wang. - 3 Frictional Strength and the Effective Pressure Law of Montmorillonite and lllite Clays / C. Morrow, B. Radney, J. Byerlee. - 4 The Brittle-Ductile Transition in Feldspar Aggregates: An Experimental Study / J. Tullis, R. Yund. - 5 Stabilization of Faulting by Cumulative Slip / Teng-fong Wong, Yaojun Gu, Takashi Yanagidani, Yusheng Zhao. - PERMEABILITY AND FLUID FLOW IN ROCKS. - 6 On the Measurement of Permeability in Anisotropic Rocks / Yves Bernabé. - 7 Permeability and Relative Permeability in Rocks / Stephen C. Blair, James G. Berryman. - 8 The Determination of Permeability and Storage Capacity: Pore Pressure Oscillation Method / G.J. Fischer. - 9 Measurement of Permeability and Storage Capacity in Rocks During Deformation at High Temperature and Pressure / G.J. Fischer, M.S. Paterson. - 10 Growth of Grain Contacts in Halite by Solution-transfer: Implications for Diagenesis, Lithification, and Strength Recovery / Stephen H. Hickman, Brian Evans. - 11 The Influence of H2O and CO2 on Melt Migration in Two Silicate Liquid-Olivine Systems / G.N. Riley Jr., D.L. Kohlstedt. - FRACTURE CHARACTERIZATION AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCK. - 12 Fluid-driven Cyclic Propagation of a Joint in the Ithaca Siltstone, Appalachian Basin, New York / Alfred Lacazette, Terry Engelder. - 13 The Influence of Hydrostatic and Uniaxial Stress on Remanent Magnetization / Randolph J. Martin. - 14 The Correlation between Fracture-toughness Anisotropy and Crack-surface Morphology of Siltstones in the Ithaca Formation, Appalachian Basin / Paul A. Scott, Terry Engelder, John J. Mecholsky Jr. - 15 CT Imaging of Electrical Resistivity Measurements: Nonuniform Water Saturation Can Be a Problem / Eve S. Sprunt. - 16 Fracture Detection and Characterization from Hydrophone Vertical Seismic Profiling Data / M.N. Toksöz, C.H. Cheng, R.D. Cicerone. - IMPLICATIONS OF ROCK MECHANICS ON CRUSTAL TECTONICS. - 17 Role of Elastic Stiffness and Fault Damping during Thrust-sheet Emplacement in a Foreland Belt / E.G. Bombolakis. - 18 Brace-Goetze Strength Profiles, The Partitioning of Strike-slip and Thrust Faulting at Zones of Oblique Convergence, and the Stress-Heat Flow Paradox of the San Andreas Fault / Peter Molnar. - 19 Hydraulic Pulses in the Earth's Crust / Amos Nor, Joseph Walder. - 20 Fault Stress States, Pore Pressure Distributions, and the Weakness of the San Andreas Fault / James R. Rice. - 21 Paradigms or Small Change in Earthquake Mechanics / C.H. Scholz. - Index.

Standort: Lesesaal

Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek

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Book reviews (1991)

Korenkov, Yu. N. ; Cable, Carl W. ; Cormier, Vernon F. ; [weitere]

Springer

Pure and applied geophysics 137 (1991), S. 309-336

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ISSN: 1420-9136

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876995

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Development of shear localization in simulated quartz gouge: Effect of cumulative slip and gouge particle size (1994)

Gu, Yaojun ; Wong, Teng-fong

Springer

Pure and applied geophysics 143 (1994), S. 387-423

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ISSN: 1420-9136

Schlagwort(e): Fault gouge ; Riedel shear ; nonlinear dynamics ; rock friction ; orientation of stress ; shear localization ; stick-slip instability

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract Frictional sliding experiments were conducted on two types of simulated quartz gouge (with median particle diameters 5 μm and 25 μm, respectively) at confining pressures ranging from 50 MPa to 190 MPa in a conventional triaxial configuration. To investigate the operative micromechanical processes, deformation texture developed in the gouge layer was studied in samples which had accumulated different amounts of frictional slip and undergone different stability modes of sliding. The spatial patterning of shear localization was characterized by a quantitative measurement of the shear band density and orientation. Shear localization in the ultrafine quartz gouge initiated very early before the onset of frictional sliding. Various modes of shear localization were evident, but within the gouge zoneR 1-shears were predominant. The density of shear localization increased with cumulative slip, whereas the angle subtended at the rock-gouge interface decreased. Destabilization of the sliding behavior in the ultrafine quartz gouge corresponded to the extension ofR 1-shears and formation of boundaryY-shear segments, whereas stabilization with cumulative slip was related to the coalescence ofY-shear segments to form a throughgoing boundary shear. In the coarse quartz gouge, the sliding behavior was relatively stable, probably because shear localization was inhibited by distributed comminution. Two different models were formulated to analyze the stress field within the gouge zone, with fundamentally different predictions on the orientations of the principal stresses. If the rock-gouge interface is assumed to be bonded without any displacement discontinuity, then the maximum principal stress in the gouge zone is predicted to subtend an angle greater than 45° at the interface. If no assumption on displacement or strain continuity is made and if the gouge has yielded as a Coulomb material, then the maximum principal stress in the gouge zone is predicted to subtend an angle less than 45°. If the apparent friction coefficient increases with overall slip (i.e., slip-hardening), then the Riedel shear angle progressively decreases with increasing shear strain within the gouge layer, possibly attaining a zero value which corresponds to a boundaryY-shear. Our quantitative data on shear localization orientation are in reasonable agreement with this second model, which implies the coefficient of internal friction to be about 0.75 for the ultrafine quartz gouge and 0.8 for the coarse gouge. The wide range of orientations for Riedel shear localization observed in natural faults suggests that the orientations of principal stresses vary as much as in an experimental gouge zone.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874336

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Laboratory measurement of compaction-induced permeability change in porous rocks: Implications for the generation and maintenance of pore pressure excess in the crust (1994)

David, Christian ; Wong, Teng-Fong ; Zhu, Wenlu ; [weitere]

Springer

Pure and applied geophysics 143 (1994), S. 425-456

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ISSN: 1420-9136

Schlagwort(e): Permeability ; compaction ; fluid pressure generation ; effective pressure ; fault mechanics ; fault hydraulics

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik

Notizen: Abstract Permeability exerts significant control over the development of pore pressure excess in the crust, and it is a physical quantity sensitively dependent on the pore structure and stress state. In many applications, the relation between permeability and effective mean stress is assumed to be exponential and that between permeability and porosity is assumed to be a power law, so that the pressure sensitivity of permeability is characterized by the coefficient γ and the porosity sensitivity by the exponent α. In this study, we investigate experimentally the dependence of permeability on pressure and porosity in five sandstones with porosities ranging from 14% to 35% and we review published experimental data on intact rocks, unconsolidated materials and rock fractures. The laboratory data show that the pressure and porosity sensitivities differ significantly for different compaction mechanisms, but for a given compaction mechanism, the data can often be approximated by the empirical relations. The permeabilities of tight rocks and rock joints show relatively high pressure sensitivity and low porosity sensitivity. A wide range of values for α and γ have been observed in relation to the mechanical compaction of porous rocks, sand and fault gouge, whereas the porosity sensitivity for chemical compaction processes is often observed to be given by α≈3. We show that since the ratio γ/α corresponds to the pore compressibility, the different dependences of permeability on porosity and pressure are related to the pore structure and its compressibility. Guided by the laboratory data, we conduct numerical simulations on the development of pore pressure in crustal tectonic settings according to the models ofWalder andNur (1984) andRice (1992). Laboratory data suggest that the pressure sensitivity of fault gouge is relatively low, and to maintain pore pressure at close to the lithostatic value in the Rice model, a relatively high influx of fluid from below the seismogenic layer is necessary. The fluid may be injected as vertically propagating pressure pulses into the seismogenic system, andRice's (1992) critical condition for the existence of solitary wave is shown to be equivalent to α〉1, which is satisfied by most geologic materials in the laboratory. Laboratory data suggest that the porosity sensitivity is relatively high when the permeability is reduced by a coupled mechanical and chemical compaction process. This implies that in a crustal layer, pore pressure may be generated more efficiently than cases studied byWalder andNur (1984) who assumed a relatively low porosity sensitivity of α=2.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874337

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Digitale Medien

Action replay for fracture (1991)

Wong, Teng-fong

[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group

Nature 350 (1991), S. 17-18

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ISSN: 1476-4687

Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Notizen: [Auszug] BRITTLE fracture can be slowed down so greatly, report Lockner et al. on page 39 of this issue1, that rather than taking a mere fraction of a second, the process can be drawn out over hours. This enabled the authors to study the way faults nucleate and grow in stressed granite, making the ...

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350017a0

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